AIM: To study effects and mechanisms of total hedysari polysaccharide(THPS)inducing apoptosis of S180 tumor. METHODS: 60 Kunming mice were divided into 5 groups randomly after inoculating S180 tumor.Sample group(S) and cyclophosphamide group(CY) were injected intraperitoneally with normal sodium and cyclophosphamide respectively.Low dose THPS group(H100),moderate dose THPS group(H200),and high dose THPS group(H400) were injected intraperitoneally with low,moderate,and high dose THPS respectively.The mice were killed after being treated for 14 days.Appearance of tumor was observed by electron microscope,and DNA,RNA,intracellular (Ca~(2+)),free radicals,mitochondrial membrane potential of tumor were determined by laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS: Moderate dose THPS raised intracellular Ca~(2+),free radicals and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA,RNA of tumor. CONCLUSION: Moderate dose THPS induces apoptosis of S180 tumor through raising intracellular Ca~(2+),free radicals and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential.

Objective To investigate the interactions between melanoma-derived exosomes and the microenvironment.Methods The exosomes were isolated from the culture medium of mouse melanoma cells and then co-cuhured with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) after identification.Immunofluorescence assay was performed to observe the exosomes engulfed by MSC.CCK-8 and transwell assays were used to evaluate the proliferation and migration of MSC.Effects of the exosomes on the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in MSC were analyzed by Western blot.Results Co-culture of MSC with melanoma cell-derived exosomes enhanced the proliferation and migration of MSC as well as the expression of α-SMA.All of the changes mediated by the exosomes could be blocked by using the inhibitor of TGF-β receptor.Conclusion Melanoma cell-derived exosomes enhanced the proliferation and migration of MSC as well as the expression of α-SMA through TGF-β signaling pathway,which provided an advantageous microenvironment for melanoma progression.

Objective:To investigate the suppressed e ects of total hedysarum polybotrys saccharide(THPS) alone and THPS combined with Cytoxan(CTX) on tumor-bearing mice and its mechanisms.Method:Kunming mice inoculated with S180 were given low,moderate and high dose THPS and THPS combined with CTX by intraperitoneal injection.Fourteen day later,tumor weight,inhibition rate,thymus index and spleen index were observed.CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte were counted though the ow cytometer.Results:Compared with the control,the moderate dose THPS showed signi cantly suppressed e ect on the growth of S180 tumor(P

BACKGROUND:Some control studies attempt to answer the advantages and disadvantages of high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy for acute spinal cord injury in adults, but have arrived at different conclusions. OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic efficacy of high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy on acute spinal cord injury in adults by Meta analysis. METHODS:PubMed, Embase, Cochranel Library, CBMdisc, VIP and WanFang Databases were searched by computer, and relevant Chinese and English orthopedic journals were retrieved by hand. Controled trials related to high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy of acute spinal cord injury in adults were included. The methodology quality of included trials was criticaly assessed. RevMan 5.0 software was used for data analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nine clinical controled trials were included. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the conventional therapy, the neurological recovery rate after 24 hours of administration, pneumonia incidence and gastrointestinal reactions increased significantly after high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy. However, there were no statistical differences in the rate of urinary tract infection, nonunion rate and stress ulcer incidence between these two therapies. These findings indicate that the high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy on acute spinal cord injury in adults has better outcomes in neurological function recovery, but can lead to higher incidence of lung infection and gastrointestinal reactions. Therefore, lung infection and gastrointestinal reactions should be avoided as much as possible during the course of treatment.

BACKGROUND:Intramedul ary nails and locking plates are widely used for two-part proximal humerus fracture. Which is better for two types of implants in patients remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To determine the clinical outcome of intramedul ary nails versus locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture according to Cochrane Meta analysis. METHODS:We searched PubMed, SCI, Embase, the Cochranel Library and CBMdisc, VIP information, Wanfang Database, and CNKI for randomized control ed trials and quasi-randomized control ed trials on intramedul ary nails and locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture. RevMan 5.2 software was used to analyze operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, postoperative complications (heterotopic ossification, pain, screw penetration, necrosis of humeral head), and Constant Score. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Six articles of clinical control ed trials were included with 259 patients. 131 patients received intramedul ary nails, and 128 patients received locking plates. Meta-analysis displayed that no significant difference in fracture healing time, heterotopic ossification, pain, necrosis of humeral head and Constant Score was detected between intramedul ary nails and locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and screw penetration were significantly less in the fixation with intramedul ary nails than that in locking plates (P<0.05). These findings suggested that compared with locking plates, intramedul ary nails method for two-part proximal humerus fractures could reduce screw penetration.

Objective To study the preventive effect of volatile oil extracted from Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Seeds on the formation of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion. Methods Thirty-eihgt SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (10), operation group (14) and volatile oil treated group (14):sham operation group was only operated by abdominal incision, the rest two groups were established animal model of abdominal adhesion by rubbing the procussus vermiformis of cecum with dry sterile gauze, clamping and scuffing abdominal wall. Half of rats were separately killed on day 7 and day 14 after surgery, respectively.The degree of adhesion was evaluated according to Phillips 5-scale grade and the feature of this model. Results The scores of intra-abdominal adhesion were significantly lower in the carbachol group than those in operation group both on 7 d and 14 d(P＜0.01 ). Conclusion Volatile oil extracted from Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Seeds may take a significant role in the prevention of postoperative abdominal adhesion in rats.

BACKGROUND:Intramedul ary nail and traditional steel plate fixation have been widely used in the treatment of distal tibial (extra-articular) fractures, but these two kinds of methods have shortcomings. Some control studies attempt to answer the advantages and disadvantages of the issue on the treatment of extra-articular distal tibial fractures with intramedul ary nail and steel plate fixation, but the conclusions are different.
OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficiency and safety of intramedul ary nail and plate fixation in the treatment of extra-articular distal tibial fractures by Meta analysis.
METHODS:PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CBMdisc, Weipu information database and Wanfang were searched by computer, and relevant Chinese and English orthopedic journals were hand-searched. Control ed trials related to intramedul ary nail and plate fixation in the treatment of extra-articular distal tibial fracture were included. The quality of trials was critical y assessed. RevMan 5.0 software was used for data analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four articles were included. Meta analysis showed that compared with the plate fixation, the malunion rate of the intramedul ary nail for extra-articular distal tibial fractures increased. There was no statistical difference in the rate of nonunion rate, delayed fracture healing, and infection rate after operation. These indicate that intramedul ary nail and plate fixation both have good effects on fracture healing.

Animals ; Dust ; Lung ; pathology ; Particulate Matter ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Wind

Pyroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death mediated by cleavage of Gasdermin family proteins by activated caspases, which plays an important role in the control of acute and chronic diseases. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease with varying degrees of airflow obstruction. The airway epithelial barrier plays an important role in initiating host defenses and controlling immune responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that pyroptosis is involved in the impairment of airway epithelial barrier function and abnormal immune regulation in asthma. This article aims to review the latest regulatory mechanism of pyroptosis involved in airway epithelial barrier injury in asthma under various environmental exposure factors, and to provide a new method for targeted therapy of asthma.

Pyroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death mediated by cleavage of Gasdermin family proteins by activated caspases, which plays an important role in the control of acute and chronic diseases. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease with varying degrees of airflow obstruction. The airway epithelial barrier plays an important role in initiating host defenses and controlling immune responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that pyroptosis is involved in the impairment of airway epithelial barrier function and abnormal immune regulation in asthma. This article aims to review the latest regulatory mechanism of pyroptosis involved in airway epithelial barrier injury in asthma under various environmental exposure factors, and to provide a new method for targeted therapy of asthma.