Objective To investigate the metastasis mechanism by observing morphological distributions of lymphic vessels in peripheral areas of the different development of uterine cervix cancer. Methods Cancer tissues from the center, peripheral and normal areas of uterine cervix cancer respectively were collected. The paraffin sections and semithin sections which were stained with HE were applied to those tissues for exploring the configurations and distributions of lymphic vessels of the cancer under a microscope. And the ultrathin sections were applied to those tissues for exploring under a electronic microscope. Results Under the microscope, the basement membrane had been destroyed by cancer cell, which continued to infiltrate interstitial tissue. Lymphic vessels were increased and dilated in peripheral areas of uterine cervix cancer than those in normal areas. Moreover, the walls of lymphic vessels were hazy and broken. Conclusion The increase and morphologic changes of lymphic vessels in peripheral areas of uterine cervix cancer will play an important role in lymphatic metastasis.

AIM: To assess the role of surface free radicals and electromotive voltage of fibrous mineral dusts in rabbit pulmonary alveolar macrophage injuries induced by fibrous mineral dusts. METHODS: Changes in cell death ratio, malandialdehyde (MDA) and cellur electrophoresis ratio, lactate dehydrogenate (LDH)and superoxide dismitase(SOD) activities were determined, the technique of cell culture and Scanning electron Microscopy were used to examine the change of membranous permeability, charge and cellular shape. RESULTS: Fibrous wollastonite and tabulate clinoptilolite, which had no OH-, had no cytotoxicity, while fibrous sepiolite, fibrous palygorskite, fibrous brucite and chrysolite asbestos damaged pulmonary alveolar macrophages in various degrees because of the different OH- levels. All the six fibrous mineral dusts changed the cellular electrophoresis ratio. CONCLUSION: The surface electromotive voltage of fibrous mineral dusts is not an important factor, and the cytotoxicity of them may be related to OH- levels on the mineral dust surface.

Objective To explore the influence of prozone effect on anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) testing by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIFA).Methods The samples with high titer of ANA (≥1∶1 000) were selected from 880fresh serum samples, and were subsequently diluted in 1∶100, 1∶1 000and 1∶10 000ratio.Prozone effect was defined as fluorescence intensity from 1∶1 000dilution was stronger than that from1∶100dilution.The samples with prozone effect were determined manually or by Sprinter XL and EUROPattern.The samples with prozone effect were further characterized by combinations of fluorescence patterns, fluorescence intensities and autoantibody specificities.Results A total of 880samples were tested.Importantly, 34samples displayed prozone effect (3.86％in total and 29.57％in samples with ANA≥1∶1 000).Interestingly, prozone effect was identified by manual detection as well as by Sprinter XL with similar fluorescence patterns and fluorescence intensities.Notably, EUROPattern can only select the central area for identification.Among all samples with prozone effect, 74.42％samples exhibited fluorescence intensities of≥1∶10 000.Speckled pattern was the most prevalent fluorescence patterns in samples with prozone effect (46.51％).In addition, anti-RNP antibodies (62.79％) were the most popular autoantibodies in samples with prozone effect, followed by anti-dsDNA antibodies (51.16％) and anti-SSA antibodies (51.16％).Conclusion Prozone effect was present in ANA testing, especially in samples with high titers, resulting in underestimating the titers.The study highlighted that special attention should be paid to the prozone effect in clinical practice.

Three patients diagnosed as amyloidosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Peking Union Medical College Hospital are reported.All 3 cases had renal abnormalities,2 cases were complicated with cardiac abnormalities,1 case was complicated with gastrointestinal abnormalities and 1 case was complicated with skin moss-like changes.Eleven cases of AS with amyloidosis were retrieved from Wanfang database and Pubmed database from 1997 to 2017.In total 14 cases,the male and female ratio was 5:2,the mean age of AS onset was (29.6± 10.5)years,and the mean age of amyloidosis diagnosed was(44.0± 10.5)years.Eight patients presented with edema and severe proteinuria,2 cases showed diarrhea,2 cases showed dyspnea,while 2 cases had no obvious symptoms.Thirteen cases had renal abnormalities and 1 case had only heart involvement.Of the 13 patients with renal involvement,2 cases were complicated with cardiac abnormalities,2 cases complicated with gastrointestinal abnormalities,2 cases complicated with skin abnormalities.The mean ESR was(83.7±22.6)mm/1 h,C reactive protein was(89±59)mg/L at onset.After the diagnosis of amyloidosis,9 patients were treated with TNF-α inhibitors,3 cases received symptomatic therapy,1 case underwent renal transplantation and 1 case were treated with peritoneal dialysis.In 9 patients treated with TNF-α inhibitors,8 cases were relieved and 1 case lost follow-up.Three patients who received symptomatic treatment all died,while patients receiving kidney transplantation and peritoneal dialysis were in stable condition.The study indicates that secondary amyloidosis often occurs in young male AS patients who have long course and poorly controlled disease,the kidney is the most common affected organ.TNF-α inhibitors may be effective for treatment of amyloidosis secondary to AS.