ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy （IPSRT） on first-episode adolescent depressive disorder， so as to provide references for the treatment. MethodsA total of 310 first-episode adolescents with depressive disorder who met the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） were included as the research objects. They were randomly divided into research group （n=155） and control group （n=155）. The research group received IPSRT， while the control group received conventional psychological intervention. Before and 2 weeks after the intervention， all participants were asked to complete Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）， Hamilton Depression Scale-24 item （HAMD-24） and Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire （ICQ）. The sleep quality was evaluated by portable monitoring devices. ResultsAfter intervention， compared with the control group， HAMA score ［（5.92±1.04） vs. （10.23±1.09）， t=-10.310， P<0.01］， time to fall asleep ［（0.26±0.09）h vs. （1.29±0.78）h， t=-4.701， P<0.01］ and time in bed［（10.19±0.99）h vs. （11.30±1.38）h， t=-2.353， P=0.027］ in research group were significantly lower. In research group， active social interaction ［（20.23±1.59） vs. （17.38±1.33）， t=4.959， P<0.01］， appropriate rejection ［（14.77±1.17） vs. （11.77±1.48）， t=5.740， P<0.01］， self-disclosure ［（20.92±1.66） vs. （16.15±1.46）， t=7.780， P<0.01］ and affective support ［（21.00±1.53） vs. （18.85±1.99）， t=3.092， P<0.01］ of ICQ were significantly higher than those in control group. ConclusionThe implementation of IPSRT in first-episode adolescents with depressive disorder may help to improve sleep quality， adjust inappropriate psychological state and improve interpersonal skills.