AIM: To investigate the efficacy of 23G minimally vitrectomy without irrigation in cataract phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy of malignant glaucoma, and to analyze such compound operative procedures for phakic malignant glaucoma.
●METHODS:A total of 21 phakic malignant glaucoma patients (21 eyes) underwent anterior vitrectomy without irrigation by using 23G vitrectomy. During surgical course phacoemulsification with anterior and posterior continuous circular capsulorhexis, trabeculectomy combined with iridectomy would be completed. lntraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth changes and postoperative complications were observed after the operation.
●RESULTS:ln the three-month follow-up, intraocular pressures were reduced from ( 57. 18 ± 6. 18 ) mmHg to (16. 15 ± 2. 43 ) mmHg, there was statistical difference compared with pre - operation ( P < 0. 001 ). The preoperative anterior chamber depth (ACD) was (0. 88± 0. 25) mm, the postoperative ACD was (2. 44±0. 37) mm 3mo later, there were significant difference (P<0. 001). The best corrected visual acuity improved significantly, no serious postoperative complication appeared.
● CONCLUSION: The compound surgical method of anterior vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsifier and trabeculectomy can effectively treat phakic malignant glaucoma. Early diagnosis and early compound surgery may effectively reduce the intraocular pressure of malignant glaucoma.

In order to meet the education reform and the needs of diversified society,according to the talents training goal of generic eagle plan of Inspection Department of Chongqing Medical University,this article use the pin type education management to awake the student's potential advantage,cultivate a variety of laboratory medicine talented person.This article was focused on pin type education management scheme,implementation methods,results and experience.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of extracts from Cichorium endivia (CEE) in H2O2-induced HepG2 cell oxidative stress injury, and explore the antioxidant mechanism of CEE in HepG2 cells.

METHODThe viability of H2O2-induced HepG2 cells and the intracellular ROS level were measured by MTT assay and DCFH-DA fluorescence staining assay. The antioxidant-response element (ARE)-Luciferase activity was tested in HepG2 cells stably transected by ARE reporter gene. The fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR was adopted to determine the mRNA expressions of genes containing ARE sequence in HepG2 cells.

RESULTThe cell viability reduced, while the ROS level increased after HepG2 cells were treated by H2O2. Different concentrations of CEE could be added to significantly improve the above results. After HepG2 cells transected by ARE reporter gene were treated with different concentrations of CEE, the intracellular ARE activity could increase in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the mRNA expressions of regulatory genesGCLC, GCLM and HMOX-1 containing ARE sequence in HepG2 cells were up-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner by CEE.

CONCLUSIONCEE inhibited the H2O2-injured HepG2 cells by reducing the ROS level. CEE's antioxidant mechanism for HepG2 cells may be closely related to the antioxidant defense system associated with its effect of activating Nrf2-ARE pathway in HepG2 cells.

Antioxidants ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Response Elements ; genetics

AIM: To observe application of underwater bubble method capsulorhexis overmature period to improve the small incision cataract surgery, so as to explore the clinical value of the surgical method.
● METHODS: From Jul. 2012 to Mar. 2016 at the grassroots of blindness 58 people fail in the 66 eyes overmature period of cataract were randomly divided into underwent capsulorhexis by underwater bubble method to improve the small incision cataract surgery group ( 36 eyes of 30 cases ) and conventional viscoelastic agent underwent capsulorhexis small incision cataract surgery group (30 eyes of 28 cases).
● RESULTS: A total of 66 eyes in success rate of continuous circular capsulorhexis: 92% ( 33/36 eyes ) of underwater bubble method, method of viscoelastic agent only 40% ( 12/30 eyes ) . Two groups of cases of postoperative corneal endothelial cell density are compared with preoperative significantly reduced, no significant statistical difference between the two groups(P>0. 05).
● CONCLUSION: Underwater bubble method capsulorhexis difficult to overmature period of cataract surgery capsulorhexis solution is a better way.

The chemical structures of P1 A was identified by complete acid hydrolysis, partial acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation-Smith degradation, methylation analysis, IR and NMR. The results showed that P1 A had a backbone consisting rhamnose, mannose, glucose and galactose. The side chain possessed arabinose and xylose. 1-->, 1-->6 and non-reducing terminal linkages existed in polysaccharide P1A, but there are doubling amount of 1-->2 and 1-->4 linkages. Oxidable linkage of P1 A accounted for 45%, and inoxidable linkage of P1A accounted for 55%. Mannose, glucose and galactose were mainly linked by 1-->2 linkage. Rhamnose, arabinose and xylose were mainly linked by 1-->2 and 1-->4 linkages. PlA contained beta-Glc(1,6)-,beta-Gal(1,3)-,beta-Man(1,4)-beta-Rha,-Glc(1,4)-, Glc(1)-,-Gal(1,4)- and Man(1)-.
Acanthaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Molecular Weight ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry

Genes related to trehalose biosynthesis from a bacterial strain Micrococcus luteus which can convert partially hydrolyzed starch into trehalose were cloned.Full sequence of gene (MtreY) encoding trehalose maltooligosyl trehalose synthase (MTSase) and partial sequence of gene (MtreZ) encoding maltooligosyl trehalose trehalohydrolase (MTHase) were got using PCR combined non-random shotgun method.Sequence analysis of MtreY predicts a 2370bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 790 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 86734 Da.Homologous analysis shows that this new gene has the same conservative motifs with ?-amylase family enzymes.The MtreY gene was expressed in E.coli, and the expression product has the anticipative enzyme activity.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of the selective PI3K inhibitor and MEK inhibitor on KRAS and PTEN co-mutated non-small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H157 and the relevant mechanisms.

METHODSNCI-H157 was cultured routinely and treated with different concentrations of the two inhibitors. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT cell cycle assay. Based on the MTT results the cells were divided into four groups: the control group, PI3K inhibitor group (GDC-0941, 0.5 and 5.0 µmol/L), combination group I (0.5 µmol/L AZD6244 + 0.5 µmol/L GDC-0941) and combination group II (5.0 µmol/L AZD6244 + 5.0 µmol/L GDC-0941). Colony formation assay was performed to detect colony formation efficiency. The cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of protein related to apoptosis was tested with Western blot.

RESULTSCell growth was inhibited by the two inhibitors. Combination groups led to stronger cell proliferation inhibition: combination group Ishowed synergistic effect of their actions and combination group II showed an additive effect; in both groups, there were decreased colony number [(77.2 ± 1.54)/well vs (61.50 ± 2.12)/well, P < 0.01] and [(51.00 ± 4.00)/ well vs (22.50 ± 3.53)/well, P < 0.01]; and enhanced apoptotic ratios [(18.30 ± 0.82)% vs (21.32 ± 0.56)%, P < 0.01] and [(27.14 ± 1.58)% vs (42.45 ± 4.42)%, P < 0.01]. In addition, compared to the PI3K inhibitor alone group, the NCI-H157 cells in the combination groups showed increased G0/G1 phase and decreased S phase (P < 0.01). Western blotting showed that the combination groups demonstrated significantly decreased expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin B1, increased p21 and cleaved PARP and decreased bcl-2/bax ratio, compared to the PI3K inhibitor only group.

CONCLUSIONThe combined inhibition of PI3K (AZD6244) and MEK (GDC-0941) has synergistic effects on the proliferation of NCI-H157 cells, but such effects appear to be in a dose-dependent manner.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Benzimidazoles ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin B1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Synergism ; Humans ; Indazoles ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Mutation ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Sulfonamides ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism ; ras Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical significance of MAIPA test in diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and in the differential diagnosis of antoimmune thrombocytopenias from nonimmune thrombocytopenias.

METHODSA total of 321 thrombocytopenic patients (118 males, 203 females) from 14 centers were studied. A modified monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigen (MAIPA) method was used to detect the platelet glycoprotein-specific autoantibodies (anti-GP IIb/IIIa, anti-GPIb/IX) to double-blindly evaluate its sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of ITP and to investigate the impact of the antibodies on platelet count.

RESULTSThe results showed that for the diagnosis of ITP, anti-GPIIb/IIIa, anti-GPIb/IX and both of them had the sensitivity of 39.75%, 32.64% and 55.23%; the specificity of 97.56%, 93.94% and 92.68%; the positive predictive value of 97.94%, 93.98% and 95.65%; the negative predictive value of 35.71%, 32.35% and 41.53%; and the total efficiency of 54.51%, 48.29% and 64.80%, respectively. The positivity of the autoantibodies in immune thrombocytopenias was incredibly higher than that in nonimmune thrombocytopenias. The platelet counts in the immune thrombocytopenias with autoantibody positivities were significantly lower than those without the autoantibodies. The platelet counts were negatively correlated with the concentration of the autoantibodies. The levels of anti-GPIIb/IIIa or anti-GPIb/IX or both of them dropped or disappeared in patients being responsive to steroid therapy.

CONCLUSIONMAIPA assay is proved to be of great value for the diagnosis of ITP and for differential diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenias from nonimmune thrombocytopenias.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Antigens, Human Platelet ; immunology ; Autoantibodies ; immunology ; Blood Platelets ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXCR4 on liver metastasis of human colon cancer.

METHODSExpression of CXCR4 in different colon cancer cell lines and SDF-1 in different tissues were detected by using Western-blot technique. Effect of SDF-1 and anti-CXCR4 monoclonal antibody (McAb) on proliferation and migration of HT-29 cells were measured using MTT methods. Model mimicking liver metastasis of human colon cancer was established by injecting HT-29 cells intrasplenically into BALB/C nude mice. Mice were randomly divided into AMD3100 treated group and control group. Liver metastatic rate and tumor foci were measured 7 weeks after.

RESULTSHT-29 cells expressed higher level of CXCR4 protein, and liver tissue expressed higher level of SDF-1 protein. Compared with the control, SDF-1 could significantly induced the proliferation and migration of the HT-29 cells, and anti-CXCR4 McAb could inhibited both functions of SDF-1. The liver metastasis rate in the control group was 100%, and it was 40% in the AMD3100 treating group (P < 0.05). The mean liver metastasis number also significantly decreased by AMD3100 (7.8 +/- 2.6 vs 22.4 +/- 8.6, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSDF-1/CXCR4 biological axis play an important role in liver metastasis of human colon cancer. Arrest of CXCR4 can inhibit liver metastasis of colon cancer through blocking cell proliferation and migration induced by SDF-1.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; metabolism ; physiology ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; secondary ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; metabolism ; physiology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of intraoperative prepositioning of dual mediastinal drains in elderly patients developing anastomotic leakage(AL)after a total endoscopic Ivor-Lewis procedure.Methods:This retrospective case-control study analyzed the clinical data of 500 elderly patients who underwent total endoscopic Ivor-Lewis surgery for esophageal or cardia cancer from January 2020 to December 2022.In the control group, one mediastinal drainage tube was placed intraoperatively, while in the study group, two mediastinal drainage tubes were placed.Both groups had a chest tube placed conventionally.The study compared the incidence of anastomotic leak(AL)at 1 month postoperatively, inflammatory indexes in patients with AL, grading of AL, rate of nasal fistula placement, incision infection, anastomotic stenosis, and incidence of hoarseness.Additionally, it compared ICU occupancy, ventilator use, and ICU length of stay between the two groups.Results:The analysis included clinical data from 455 elderly patients.Among the patients who developed AL, the study group had significantly lower peak body temperature[(39.58±1.03)℃ vs.(38.05±0.56)℃, t=4.298, P<0.05], white blood cell count[(18.63±3.35)×10 9/L vs.(14.28±2.78)×10 9/L, t=3.450, P<0.05], and C-reactive protein(CRP)levels[(154.66±41.64)mg/L vs.(122.19±31.29)mg/L, t=2.131, P<0.05]. The study group also had a significantly lower grading of AL and rate of nasal fistula placement(82.4% vs.30.0%, P<0.05). In terms of ICU indicators, the study group had a significantly lower ICU admission rate(64.7% vs.10.0%, P<0.05), shorter period of ventilator use[(6.47±8.15)days vs.(0.90±2.23)days, t=2.62, P<0.05], and shorter ICU stay[(11.70±8.89)days vs.(4.70±6.27)days, t=2.184, P<0.05]. Conclusions:Double mediastinal drainage tubes, have been found to significantly alleviate inflammation, decrease the rate of nasal fistula placement and ICU admission, and shorten the length of ICU stay in elderly patients.Therefore, they are considered safe and deserving of clinical promotion.