Objectives To identify the status of iodine content in drinking water,edible salt and urine of children aged 8- 10 after implementing every village project in Qingdao for providing basic reference for government's decision-making.Methods From March 2008 to July 2009,residents' living and drinking water samples were collected in 12 districts and counties of Qingdao,and iodide content was measured by cerous sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry.Urine samples of children aged from 8 to 10 were collected,in which the iodide content was quantitative tested by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Samples of household edible salt were collected to determine iodide content by direct titration.Results A total of 5067 water samples were measured,the median iodine content of water was 7.35 μg/L.A total of 1182 urine samples of children aged 8 - 10 were tested,and the urinary iodine content ranged from 4.6 μg/L to 5995.3 μg/L with a median of 200.6 μg/L.Besides,3504 household salt samples were tested,and the percentages of non-iodized salt,iodized salt and qualified iodized salt were 1.74％(61/3504),98.26％(3443/3504) and 96.32％(3375/3504),respectively.Conclusions Qingdao is situated in environmental iodine deficient area,and the iodine nutritional status of residents is appropriate owing to the implementation of universal salt iodization policy in Qingdao region.Comprehensive prevention and control measures to iodine deficiency disorders,including marketing iodized salt,should be implemented continually.

Contraindications ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Promethazine ; adverse effects

A bacterium which can effectively degrade LAS (Linear Sodium Alkylbenzenesulfonate) was isolated from washing powder manufacturing effluent and was preliminarily identified as Corynebacterium jeikeium GZ6. The bacterium can degrade LAS up to till 700 mg/L, and the optimum pH, temperature and concentration of LAS are 7.0, 30℃ and 400 mg/L, respectively. The biodegradation rate can reach 98.7% after 24 hours'cultivation in the suitable conditions. Experiments also showed that some heavy metal ions such as Hg2+ , Co2+ , Cd2+ can differently inhibit the degradation of LAS.

Objective To investigate the correlation between p21-actived kinase 1(PAK1) gene polymorphism and prognosis of endocrine therapy for breast cancer. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was employed to analyze the genotype of PAK1 gene rs2298793 T→C polymorphism and rs2844327 C→T polymorphism of 105 patients with breast cancer accepting endocrine therapy. Prognostic factors such as age, state of menses, magnitude of tumor, pathological type, condition of operation, clinical stage, estrogen receptor, progesteron receptor, Her-2 and endocrine therapy drug were comprehensively considered, and Cox model was employed to analyze the relation of PAK1 genotype with the time-to-tumor progression (TTP). Results As to rs2298793C→T polymorphism, the TTP of CT genotype was shorter than TT genotype (P

Objective: To study the dynamic changes of type Th22 cell immunological response during atherosclerosis process in experimental mice in order to provide a new theoretical basis for atherosclerosis therapy. Methods: 8 weeks C57BL/6J mice were divided into 2 groups: Experiment group,n=24 ApoE-/- mice and Control group, n=24 normal mice. All animals received high fat diet and the following indexes were compared between 2 groups at 0, 4, 8, 12 weeks after treatment: aortic atherosclerotic lesions were deifned by Oil red O staining, dynamic changes of Th22 cells in spleen were measured by lfow cytometry, mRNA expressions of interleukin-22 (IL-22), IL-22R1, AhR and T-bet in aorta were examined by RT-PCR, blood levels of IL-22 was detected by ELISA. Results: Compared with Control group, Experiment group had the increased area of aortic atherosclerosis (the ratio of plaque area/lumen area) and Th22 cell (CD4+ IL-22+/CD4+T cell) amount, elevated mRNA expressions of IL-22, IL-22R1, AHR, T-bet in aorta and higher blood levels of IL-22 at all time points, the differences between each time point (except 0 week) had the statistic meaning,P<0.05. In Experiment group, the differences between 2 adjacent time points, for the area of aortic atherosclerosis and mRNA expressions of AHR, T-bet: 4 weeks vs 0 week, 8 weeks vs 4 weeks, 12 weeks vs 8 weeks all had statistic meaning; for Th22 cell amount: 4 weeks vs 0 week, 8 weeks vs 4 weeks had statistic meaning and 12 weeks vs 8 weeks had no real distinction; for mRNA expressions of IL-22, IL-22R1 and blood levels of IL-22: 4 weeks vs 0 week had statistic meaning and 8 weeks vs 4 weeks, 12 weeks vs 8 weeks had no real distinctions. Conclusion: Hyperactive immunological response of Th22 cells might be involved in atherosclerosis process, the relevant mechanism should be further studied.

Objective To compare the relative efficacy and quality of extraction of human fecal DNA using four methods.Methods Real-time PCR were utilized for analysis both quantification and quality of the fecal targeted bacteria(including gut all eubaeterium,Bacteriodes-PrevoteUa group,Bifidobacterium spp Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus spp)by using 16s rRNA gene-targeted genus or group-specific primer sets.Results The negative rat of PCR product from method 3(phenol-chloroform plus bead-beating) was about 40%(4/10)by using universal primers,the PCR inhibition disappeared after fecal DNA purified with column.The total fecal 16s rRNA gene copy numbers(per gram of wet weight of feces)as well as the numbers of Bacteriodes-Prevotella group from method 1(QIAamp~DNA stool mini kit)and 4(QIAamp~ DNA stool mini kit combined with bead-beating)was higher significantly than that from method 2(FastDNA ~Kit,Biol01)and 3(P

Objective To evaluate the association between interleukin-I(IL-1)loci polymorphisms and increased risk of gastric carcinoma in samples from northern Chinese population.Methods Blood sam- ples from 126 patients with gastric cancer and 125 controls with chronic gastritis were collected.Genomic DNA was extracted and polymorphisms at -31(C to T),-511(C to T)and at intron 2(86-bp VNTR)of IL-I RN were genotyped by PCR-CTPP,PCR-RFLP and PCR.For detection of Hp infection fast urenase test,~(14)C breath test and serum anti-Hp IgG antibody assay were used.Results Five kinds of polymorphism of IL-IRN were found as 1/1,1/3,1/4,1/2 and 2/2,and the frequencies in patients were 76.19%、4.76%、6.35%、11.90% and 0.79%,respectively.However,the frequencies in controls were 76.00%、4.00%、4.80%、13.60% and 1.60%.No significant differences were observed between cases and controls in each genotype.The polymorphism of IL-IB-31 allele was C/C,C/T and T/T.The frequencies in patients were 12.70% ,47.62% and 39.68%,and in controls 28.00%,48.80% and 23.20% respectively.IL-1B- 31 T/T carriers were at an increase risk of gastric cancer with an odds ratio of 3.772(95% CI,1.786- 7.966).IL-IB-511 alleles were C/C,C/T and T/T.The frequencies in patients were 19.20%,56.80% and 24.00% and in controls,23.38%,49.19% and 27.42% respectively.No significant differences were observed between cases and controls in each genotype.Conclusion In Chinese population,the polymor- phism of IL-1B-31 alleles may be associated with the susceptibility of gastric cancer.However,no evidence was found to support that the polymorphisms of IL-1RN and IL-I B-511 alleles had relationship with gastric cancer.

Objective To evaluate the theraputic effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE)for hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombosis of portal vein.Methods One hundred and six patients of hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombosis of portal vein under treament of TACE were observed before and after the procedure.Results After TACE tumor size reduced＞50% in 23 patients,＜50% in 25, no significant change in 44.The size of tumor enlarged in 12.The disappearance of portal vein tumor thrombosis accessed in 14,with reduction in 39,and no significant change in 51.Two patients died within one week.Conclusion TACE provides good therapeutic effect on hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombosis of portal vein.

Objectives To investigate the clinical features of pneumonia in children with elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT). Methods Clinical and laboratory data of 3 979 children with pneumonia admitted to the hospital were collected and retrospectively analysed, and ALT was detected in all cases. Results In 3 979 children with pneumo-nia, elevated ALT (13.78%) was found in 548 cases, most of which had mildly elevated ALT and were infants less than 6 months. The average age in elevated ALT group was less than that in normal ALT group (P=0.000). Apart from the symp-toms of pneumonia, most of them had non-specific clinical symptoms, 169 cases (30.84%) with anorexia or feeding dif-ficulties. 22 cases (4.01%) with poor spirit or weak, 10 cases (1.82%) with crying or abdominal pain;6 cases (1.09%) with dark urine; 4 cases (0.73%) with skin and/or sclera jaundice, 2 cases (0.36%) with bleeding tendency. Children in mildly elevated ALT group recovered faster than in moderate-to-severe elevated ALT group. Conclusions Mildly elevated ALT was most common in pneumonia with elevated ALT which was more likely to occur in younger age group. Clinical mani-festations were often non-specific with good outcomes.

National Health Information System is mainly used to support decision-making and to improve the current national health situation.Its importance to display the current national health situation and its problems in developing countries were analyzed with the need to construct its effective evaluation framework system pointed out.Construc-tion of UML-based evaluation framework system for National Health Information System was proposed in order to support decision-making and to provide evidence for the health policy makers by comparing the evaluation frame-work systems for National Health Information System in developing countries .