Background and purpose:Radical cystectomy is viewed as the standard treatment for bladder carcinoma,but organ preservation has been attempted for patients with muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma over the past decades as an alternative to radical cystectomy.The majority of studies included transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURB),radiotherapy,and chemotherapy,as a feasible and safe organ-sparing approach with the similar outcome to radical cystectomy.The current study evaluated the outcomes and complications of the radiation therapy for the patients with bladder cancer,and prognosis factors had been analyzed.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 21 patients with bladder cancer.The clinical stages of the patients were 15 with T_2;5 with T_3 and 2 with T_4.2 of them were lymph node-positive,16 of patients were pathologically proved as transitional cell carcinoma,4 as adenocarcinoma and 1 as transitional cell carcinoma plus squamous cell carcinoma.Conventional fractionation radiotherapy was given at a median dose of 54.5Gy(ranged 49.2-69.9 Gy) after surgery.Kaplan-Meier method and Logrank method were used for the statistical analysis.Results:Median follow-up was 32 months.The overall survivals at 1 year,3 years and 5 years were 90.5%,47.1%,and 36.7% respectively.The local disease free rates were 95.0%,62.4%,and 47.5% respectively.15 of 16 patients' deaths were related to the tumor.In univariate analysis,only small field irradiation was found as a prognosis factor in survival(?~(2)=5.36,P=0.02).Conclusions:Combined treatment appears to provide high response rates and can be offered as an alternative option to radical cystectomy for selected patients who refuse or are unsuitable for surgery.A large number of patients,multicenter,prospective randomized trial would be desirable to evaluate the role of radiotherapy in the multi-modality treatment of bladder cancer.

Objective To analyze the pregnancy outcome of laparoscopy cervical cerclage before pregnancy in treatment of uterine cervical insufficiency. Methods The clinical data of 78 uterine cervical incompetence patients having underwent cervical cerclage before pregnancy were retrospectively analyzed. Among them 40 cases underwent laparoscopy cervical cerclage (laparoscopy group), and 38 cases underwent transvaginal cervical cerclage (transvaginal group). The operation time, complications, length of cervix in pregnancy, lengthen time of gestational weeks, gestational weeks, perinatal infant weight, survival rate of perinatal infants and infection rate of uterine cavity were compared between 2 groups. Results The length of cervix in pregnancy, lengthened time of gestational weeks, perinatal infant weight, term labor rate and survival rate of perinatal infants in laparoscopy group were significantly higher than those in transvaginal group: (4.35 ± 0.52) cm vs. (3.51 ± 0.66) cm, (116.7 ± 9.8) d vs. (90.2 ± 5.2) d, (3 050 ± 759) g vs. (2 500 ± 431) g, 60.0%(24/40) vs. 31.6%(12/38) and 95.0%(38/40) vs. 78.9%(30/38), and the infection rate of uterine cavity was significantly lower than that in transvaginal group: 2.5% (1/40) vs. 18.4% (7/38), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in operation time and incidence of complications (P > 0.05). Conclusions Laparoscopy cervical cerclage before pregnancy in treatment of uterine cervical incompetence can effectively maintain the cervical length period of pregnancy, improve the success rate of surgery, prolong gestational weeks, and improve perinatal outcome.

Objective To study the pre- pregnancy cervical cerclage method in the different cervical length of uterine cervical incompetence patients. Methods The clinical data of 128 uterine cervical incompetence patients having underwent pre-pregnancy cervical cerclage were retrospectively analyzed. The preoperative cervical length was measured by transvaginal ultrasound. Cervical length >2.5 cm was in 60 cases, of which 34 cases underwent laparoscopic cervical cerclage, and 26 cases underwent transvaginal cervical cerclage; cervical length ≤ 2.5 cm was in 68 cases, of which 32 cases underwent laparoscopic cervical cerclage, and 36 cases underwent transvaginal cervical cerclage. Results For the patients with preoperative cervical length > 2.5 cm, there were no statistical differences in the postoperative pregnancy cervical length, gestational weeks time, perinatal birth weight, perinatal survival rate, gestational age of delivery and intrauterine infection rate between 2 methods (P>0.05). For the patients with preoperative cervical length ≤ 2.5 cm, the postoperative pregnancy cervical length, gestational weeks time, perinatal birth weight, perinatal survival rate and gestational age of delivery in laparoscopic cervical cerclage patients were significantly higher than those in transvaginal cervical cerclage patients: (3.85 ± 0.37) cm vs. (3.16 ± 0.49) cm, (101.75 ± 4.71) d vs. (80.62 ± 3.53) d, (2850 ± 323) g vs. (2330 ± 585) g, 90.6% (29/32) vs. 69.4% (25/36) and 50.0% (16/32) vs. 22.2%(8/36), but the intrauterine infection rate was significantly lower than that in transvaginal cervical cerclage patients:0 vs. 16.7%( 6/36), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). All patients had no obvious complications. Conclusions For cervical length > 2.5 cm patients with uterine cervical incompetence, pre- pregnancy cervical cerclage can choose transvaginal or laparoscopic. But for patients with the cervical length≤2.5 cm or previous cervical cerclage failure, laparoscopic cervical cerclage is better than transvaginal cervical cerclage.

Humans ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; instrumentation

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and mechanism of auricular point sticking plus Western medicine for moderate gastric cancer pain. Methods: A total of 80 patients were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received Western medicine treatment, while patients in the observation group received additional auricular point sticking. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. Numeric rating scale (NRS) and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) were adopted before and after treatment. The total time and times of flare-up pain in 24 h were recorded. The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were detected. The clinical efficacy of both groups was evaluated after treatment. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); after treatment, NRS scores of both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (both P<0.05), and the score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05); KPS scores of both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (both P<0.05), and the score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the total time and flare-up times of pain during 24 h of both groups were significantly reduced (all P<0.05), and those of the observation group were significantly less than those of the control group (both P<0.05). After treatment, the COX-2 and TNF-α levels of both groups were significantly reduced (all P<0.05), and were lower in the observation group than in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of auricular point sticking plus Western medicine for moderate gastric cancer pain is valid. This combined treatment can alleviate cancer pain and improve patients' quality of life, which may be related to its ability to reduce COX-2 and TNF-α levels.

Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Nose Neoplasms ; pathology ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal ; pathology

Adult ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Male ; Professional Competence ; Sleep Deprivation

AIM: To optimize the extraction process for Banxiaxiexin Decoction (Rhizoma pinelliae, Radix Scutellariae, Rhizoma coptidis, Radix Ginsenp, Rhizoma zinpiberis, Fruents Jujubae, and Radix Glycyrrhizae). METHODS: The content of berberine、baicalin and total solid in extract liquor were determined by orthogonal design and single factor experiment in combination with glycyrrhizic acid content and identification of Rhizoma zingiberis, Radix Ginseng and Rhizoma Pinelliae. RESULTS: The extracting was arrived at in the condition of adding eighteen times of 70% alcohol as much as crude drug and refluxing 2 times, 2h and 1h, respectively. CONCLUSION: The extraction is stable and feasible.

Premature ejaculation (PE) is a most common sexual dysfunction, for which dapoxetine, a novel selective serotonin (5-HT) re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), is the only licensed oral medicine at present. With the advantages of fast absorption, rapid action, on-demand medication, and short half-life time, dapoxetine has been proved by clinical trials to be effective in prolonging the intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) and improving the overall condition of PE patients in various areas and populations. Compared with the traditional SSRIs, dapoxetine has a better safety and tolerability. The most frequently reported dapoxetine-related adverse events include nausea, diarrhea, headache and dizziness, but with very few severe or serious cases.
Benzylamines ; therapeutic use ; Biomedical Research ; Ejaculation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Naphthalenes ; therapeutic use ; Premature Ejaculation ; drug therapy ; Reaction Time ; drug effects ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: It is believed that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may produce such neurophysiological effects as regulating regional cerebral blood flow, neurotransmitters, local metabolism, and neuronal remodeling after nerve tissue injuries. The prognosis ofischemic stroke is related with the cortical function reconstruction in the ipsilateral and contralateral hemisphere of the lesion. Currently studies have not defined whether rTMS can affect the cortical function, protect ischemic neurons and promote motor functional recovery after cerebral ischemia.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of rTMS on rat motor cortical excitability and neural function in acute stage of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.DESIGN: Completely randomized experiment.SETTING: Electroneurophysiological Laboratory of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Zoological Research Center of Peking Union Hospital from January to June 2004. Totally 22adult male healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into treatment group and the control group with 11 in each.METHODS: After determination of the average motor threshold of the right hind limbs, which was 22% of the maximum output, the rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion for 1 hour followed by reperfusion for 72 hours. At each time point of immediately and at 12, 36 and 60 hours after the initiation of reperfusion, the rats in the treatment group received rTMS treatment (20 Hz, 40% maximum output, 5 seconds for each session with an between-session interval of 2 minutes for a total of 10 sessions), and the site for motor threshold evaluation was used for rTMS stimulation; the rats in the control group recevied no treatment after model establishment. Motor threshold testing was performed in both groups 4 hours after the last session of treatment to avoid immediate-early effects of rTMS on the motor threshold. At 24 and 72 hours of reperfusion, the scores of neural function were recorded according to evaluation systems. All the rats with scores between 1 and 3 were enrolled in statistical analysis were evaluated between.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Motor threshold of the rats in both groups before and after injury; ② Neural function scores at 24 and 72 hour reperfusion; ③ Infarct volume at 72 hour of reperfusion.RESULTS: Totally 13 rats entered the final result analysis. Before injury,motor threshold in the treatment and control group was similar (P=0.71),and after the injury, the motor threshold of the control group was 1.49times that of the treatment group but such difference was not statistically significant [(41.62±24.73)% vs (28.00±9.35)%, t=-1.17, P=0.27]. At 24hours of reperfusion, the functional scores of the treatment group and control group were not significantly different (P=0.46), but at 72 hours, the scores of the treatment group were significantly lower than that of the control group (1.60±1.52 vs 7.75±3.62, t=-3.57, P=0.004). The average infarct volume of two groups was (62.00±60.88) mm3 and (20.00±12.41) mm3 at 72 hours of reperfusion, respectively, which, after logarithm transformation,was not significantly different between the two group (t=-1.31, P=0.22),but when the infarct volume was transformed into Log10 values, a significant difference occurred between them (P=0.045).CONCLUSION: rTMS may stabilize and prevent the increment of the motor threshold, time-dependently relieve the neural function disability and reduce the infarct volume after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.