Objective To investigate the level of cadmium(Cd)in commercial aquatic products in Xiacheng District, Hangzhou. Methods We randomly collected 293 aquatic products which belonged to six aquatic animals in the markets in Xiacheng District to determine the content of Cd. It was further evaluated by single factor pollution index(PI)according to the standard GB 2762-2017. In 11 samples of swimming crabs, Cd was examined in the different parts. Results There was no significant difference in the content of Cd between the samples collected in the markets and those in the supermarkets. It significantly differed in the samples of different aquatic animals(P < 0.05). The prevalence of Cd that exceeded the standard was as follows: seawater crustaceans(28.6%) > cephalopods(11.1%) > freshwater crustaceans(8.4%) > bivalves(6.9%). However, it was not excessive in the samples of fish. The mean level of Cd in the seawater crustaceans was 0.466 3 mg/kg, which resulted in the proportion of the samples that were excessive being 28.6%. Particularly, the mean level in sea crab was as high as 1.101 mg/kg with the proportion being 66.7%. In the samples of swimming crabs, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of Cd between swimming crab gonads and crab chests or legs(P > 0.05), while no statistical difference between crab chests and legs(P > 0.05). Conclusion The content of Cd in the aquatic products may be excessive in Xiacheng District, which warrants additional regulatory efforts to food safety. The public should reduce the consumption of aquatic products with high content of Cd.

OBJECTIVEThis study was performed to evaluate the relationship between the stent fracture and restenosis after drug-eluting stent implantation.

METHODSThe study enrolled 536 patients with angiographies during stenting procedure and follow-up, the patients were divided into DES group (n=397) and BMS group (n=139). The coronary angiography images were analyzed to detect restenosis and stent fracture.

RESULTSRestenosis rate was significantly lower in DES group (31/397, 7.8%) compared that in BMS group (30/139, 21.6%, P<0.05). Stent fracture (n=5) was found only in DES group and not in BMS group (P<0.05). Restenosis were found in all stent fracture segments. The stent fracture developed at the angulated tortuosity lesions.

CONCLUSIONStent fracture is one of the causes of restenosis after drug-eluting stents implantation and related to implantation of long DES stent at the location of angulated tortuosity lesions.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Coronary Restenosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis Failure ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and reliability on the quantitative evaluation of Colles' fracture by multislice CT (MSCT) multiplanner reconstruction (MPR).

METHODSA total of 36 patients with Colles' fracture from July 2011 to July 2014 were investigated in this study. There were 11 males and 25 females with a mean age of (42.5 ± 5.4) years old (ranged 35 to 72 years). All the patients underwent anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films and MSCT scans on wrist joints within 2 days after trauma. Images were sent to the workstation through picture archiving and conserving system (PACS). One associate chief physician independently and respectively measured the dorsal intercalation depth of distal fracture block, palmar angle and dislocation degree of wrist articular surface collapse on anteroposterior and lateral X-ray film and MSCT-MPR. The time interval between the two measurements was 2 weeks. All the data between the first and second measurement on X-ray and MPR and the mean value between the X-ray and MPR was examined with paired t-test. The pearson analyzed their correlation.

RESULTSAmong the 35 cases, 35 cases of palmar angle, 21 cases of intercalation depth and 16 cases of dislocation of wrist articular surface collapse could be measured on both X-ray and MPR. For the above parameters, the first measurement results were (12.5 ± 3.6)°, (4.5 ± 2.1) mm, (3.7 ± 1.6) mm and the second measurement results were (4.8 ± 2.2)°, (6.4 ± 3.6) mm, (2.5 ± 1.2) mm on X-ray films respectively. The first measurement results on MPR were (14.5 ± 5.3)°, (4.2 ± 1.2) mm, (5.7 ± 2.3) mm, and the results were (13.2 ± 2.6)°, (4.7 ± 2.2) mm, (4.6 ± 2.1) mm for the second measurement respectively. The three parameters between the first and second measurement on plain film had statistical difference and low correlation (r = 0.681, 0.640, 0.345, P < 0.05). The data between the first and second measurement on MPR showed that the dislocation degree of wrist articular surface collapse had statistical difference (P < 0.05) and no statistical significance was found for the other two parameters (P > 0.05), with the moderate correlation (r = 0.954, 0.854, 0.642). The three parameters had low or moderate correlation with each other on X-ray (r = 0.454, 0.532, 0.378, P < 0.05), compared with the mean value on MPR.

CONCLUSIONUsing MSCT MPR images may carry on the multiple parameter measurement of Colles fracture, to make quantitative evaluation, and repeated measurement is better reliability.

Adult ; Aged ; Colles' Fracture ; diagnostic imaging ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; methods

Meckel diverticulum (MD), a congenital gastrointestinal anomaly, is often involved in pediatrics, but less in the adult population. The patient in this report was a 69-year-old female presented with massive gastrointestinal bleeding causing hemorrhagic shock due to MD containing ectopic pancreatic tissue. A review of the literature revealed that gastrointestinal bleeding from MD containing ectopic pancreatic tissue is rare in adults and difficult to be identified preoperation. MD should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis for lower gastrointestinal bleeding, although scarce in adults, especially when the patient has massive painless bleeding.
Aged ; Choristoma ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Meckel Diverticulum ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Pancreas ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the relations between different feeding patterns and the body weight retention of the perinatal women living in rural areas of China.

METHODSA cluster sampling method was used to investigate 409 women, who are currently living in rural areas of Tianjin, at pregnant and perinatal status. While, their body weights and heights before pregnancy, antepartum and postpartum were measured, respectively. Body weight retention was the difference of the measured data after postpartum minus pre-pregnant weight. Variance analysis was used for statistic comparison.

RESULTSThe rate of exclusive breastfeeding was 70.9% (290/409) within four months. The net body weight retention of women (5.8 kg) using the exclusive breastfeeding was lower than that of the women (7.0 kg) using artificial feeding within 4 - 6 months, but there was no significantly statistic difference (F = 1.45, P = 0.236). However, there was the opposite result within 7 - 9 months, the data showed that the body weight retention in the women using the exclusive breastfeeding was 4.9 kg, which was significantly higher than that the women (2.9 kg) with artificial feeding (F = 3.17, P = 0.043). The food consumption of the women (901 g) using exclusive breastfeeding was the highest, followed by those (877 g) using mixed feeding and the women (750 g) using artificial feeding.

CONCLUSIONThe body weight retention after postpartum should be related to infant feeding patterns. After postpartum, the weight loss of women using the exclusive breastfeeding is relatively low. While, for the women using the exclusive breastfeeding, the net weight retention during pregnancy and after postpartum were lower than those with artificial feeding. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance health education and guidance on promoting exclusive breast-feeding as well as increasing awareness on pre-pregnant health.

Body Weight ; Breast Feeding ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Infant ; Rural Population ; Sampling Studies

To improve the reliability and credibility of genotyping hepatitis E virus (HEV) and to explore the possibility of unifying standards of HEV genotyping by designing HEV universal primers for amplification of a long genomic fragment of different HEV genotypes. A set of universal primers (HEVuPrimer) was designed based on conserved regions determined by alignment analysis of 82 HEV strains with complete genome in GenBank. HEVuPrimer was compared with a set of previously used primers (MXJ primers) for their sequence-matching to different HEV strains and applied to amplify HEV genomic fragments from HEV reference strains with known different genotypes and clinical serum samples with anti-HEV-IgM by RT-nPCR. HEV genotyping based on the fragments amplified with HEVuPrimer was compared and validated with that based on HEV full genome and fragments obtained with MXJ primers. HEV genotyping by the phylogenetic analysis supplemented with the percent of nucleotide identity of the HEVuPrimer-determined fragments showed good correspondence with that based on HEV full-length genome. In addition, HEVuPrimer was much better than MXJ primers in matching sequences of HEV strains available from GenBank, and was able to amplify all the reference HEV strains with different genotypes. Among 124 samples with anti-HEV-IgM, 60 were positive for HEV RNA determined by a 644bp amplicon of RT-nPCR with the HEVuPrimenr. All the positive isolates belonged to HEV genotype 4 with nucleotide homology of 80.0%-99.9%, and could be further divided into 4 subgenotypes. Moreover, a novel subtype was identified with 6 HEV strains isolated very recently. The RT-nPCR using the HEVuPrimer and phylogenetic analysis of the amplified region provided strong evidences for its feasibility in HEV genetic classification. Our data have new implication for the consensus of genotype classification of HEV.
DNA Primers ; genetics ; Genome, Viral ; genetics ; Genotype ; Hepatitis E virus ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective To observe the effects of genistein and 17?-estradiol on microstructure of cancellous bone in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.Methods Ninty 7-month-old SD rats were randomly divided into baseline group,ovariectomized (OVX),sham-operated (SHAM),17?-estradiol treated (10?g?kg~(-1).day~(-1),EST) and genistein treated (5 mg?kg~(-1)?day~(-1),GEN) groups,and were killed at the beginning of the experiment,the 3rd and 15th week after operation.MicroCT scanning was performed on the left tibia in vitro.The regions involving 0.5 mm slice thickness and 1.6 mm distal to the tibial growth plate were selected as the regions of interest.Results At the 3rd week after operation,the tissue bone mineral density (tBMD) and trabecular thickness (sTh.Th) in group GEN were significantly higher than those in OVX and EST groups (all P

OBJECTIVEA comparative proteomic approach was used to identify and analyze proteins relevant to metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSProteins extracted from 12 liver tumor tissue specimens (6 with metastases and 6 without) were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Comparative analyses of 2-DE protein patterns between the two groups were done using computerized image analysis. Selected proteins exhibiting statistically significant alternations were identified by mass spectrometry. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and RT-PCR were performed to examine the expressions of the candidate proteins.

RESULTS16 proteins including HSP27, S100A11, CK18 were identified using mass spectrometry, which were related to cell mobility, signal transduction, and energy metabolism respectively. Of these, HSP27 was found to be uniquely over-expressed in 2-DE maps of all metastatic HCCs when compared to the non-metastatic HCC tissues. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting of HCC tissues confirmed this difference while RT-PCR did not.

CONCLUSIONThere are different proteins working together that affect the metastasis of HCCs. The overexpression of HSP27 may serve as a biomarker for early detection and therapeutic targets to the metastatic phenotype of HCC. The role of HSP27 in HCC metastasis warrants further investigation.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; chemistry ; pathology ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; analysis ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; Mass Spectrometry ; Neoplasm Proteins ; analysis ; Proteome ; analysis ; S100 Proteins ; analysis

Aim To study the biliary excretion characteristics of berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine in rat hepatocytes.Methods Berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine were incubated with the sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes (SCRH) in standard Ca2+ buffer or Ca2+ free buffer.The accumulation of the three compounds under different conditions were measured by UPLC-MS/MS.The biliary excretion index and biliary clearance were calculated,and the effect of P-gp or Mrp2 inhibitor on the transport of three compounds was also investigated.Results While the incubation time increased,the accumulation of the three compounds also increased.There were obvious differences in accumulation of berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine in incubations treated with standard buffer and calcium-free buffer.The P-gp inhibitors ciclosporin A and verapamil could inhibit the biliary excretion of berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine.However,the Mrp2 inhibitors MK571 and probenecid had no effect on biliary excretion of the three compounds.Conclusions The biliary excretion of berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine is mainly through an active process.They are all the P-gp substrates other than Mrp2 substrates.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Chinese herbs for Shen invigorating and blood activating (CHSIBA) on the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood and the signaling pathway of bone marrow matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) of the myocardial infarction (MI) model rats.

METHODSThe MI rat model was established by ligation. Thirty successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the high dose CHSIBA group, the low dose CHSIBA group, and the model group, 10 in each group. Besides, another 10 normal rats were recruited as the blank group. Rats in the high dose CHSIBA group and the low dose CHSIBA group were administered with CHSIBA at 3 g/kg and 1.5 g/kg body weight by gastrogavage (by adding them in 4 mL physiological saline), once daily. Rats in the model group and the blank group were administered with 4 mL physiological saline once daily. The EPCs were collected from the bone marrow and the peripheral blood 4 weeks later. Seven days later the CD34/CD133 phenotype was identified in collected sticking wall cells using flow cytometry. The MMP-9 and water soluble Kit ligand (sKitL) were detected using Western blot. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha) were detected using ELISA.

RESULTSThe CD34/CD133 positive rate and the EPC quantity in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood were higher in the high dose CHSIBA group and the low dose CHSIBA group than in the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Besides, the expressions of VEGF, SDF-1alpha, MMP-9, and sKitL in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood were also higher in the high dose CHSIBA group and the low dose CHSIBA group than in the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCHSIBA could activate MMP-9 signaling pathway, increase its upstream and downstream signal expression levels, and mobilize EPCs in the bone marrow to enter the blood circulation.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Myocardial Infarction ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism