With the deepening of the lung cancer molecular biology research,small molecular targets antitumor drugs make breakthrough progress,the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is one of the most attention drug.A series studies show that EGFR-TKI can enhance the antitumor activity of ionizing radiation.Therefore,EGFR-TKI combined with radiotherapy alone for poor-risk patients appears survival benefit,but can't ignore the lung toxicity.However,there is a big contro-versy that EGFR-TKI combined with chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced NSCLC.

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Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic changes in the numbers and functions of CD8~+T cells and NK cells in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing first line chemotherapy,so as to identify whether there was a "window period" of anti-tumor immune suppression reverse after chemotherapy.Methods: Peripheral blood samples from each ovarian cancer patient were obtained before (S_0) and at day 5-7 (S_1),day 12-14 (S_2) and day 25-28 (S_3) after Chemotherapy in 13 patients.The numbers and proportions of CD3~+,CD4~+,CD8~+ and nature killer (NK) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry technique.The percentages of specific IFN-γ-secreting CD8~+ cells were also calculated after that peripheral lymphocytes had been stimulated with self tumor lysates.Cytotoxicity of NK cells against K562 cells was detected by LDH releasing assay.Results: The numbers of CD3~+,CD4~+,CD8~+T cells and NK cells reduced to the lowest on S1.Compared to those of the control group,and the percentages of IFN-γ-secreting CD8~+T cells were remarkably higher on S_1,S_2 and S_3 when CD8~+T cells were stimulated with autologous tumor antigen,and the percentage of CD8~+IFN-γ~+ cell reached the highest on S2.No significant differences of NK cell cytotoxicity against K562 cells were found on S_1,S_2 and S_3 compared to S0.Conclusion: Paclitaxel and carboplatin induce lymphopenia,which triggers the temporary immune reconstitution.During immune reconstitution the enhanced priming of CD8~+T cell response by autologons tumor antigen is found while the function of NK cells does not change significantly.It probably turns out that the" window period"during immune reconstitution offers a best opportunity for cancer immunotherapy.

Objective To investigate the changes of Tc1/Tc2 profiles and the cytotoxic function of CD8~+ cells in ovarian cancer patients undergoing paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy, so as to identify whether there is a "window period" of anti-tumor immune suppression reverse after chemotherapy. Methods Blood samples from each ovarian cancer patient were obtained before (S_0) and at day 5-7 (S_1), day 12-14 (S_2) and day 25-28 (S_3) after chemotherapy in 13 patients. Thirteen age-matched healthy female volunteers were enrolled as a control group. Flow cytometry technique was employed to analyze the proportion of Tc1/Tc2. The numbers of specific IFN-γ, secreting CD8~+ cells were also calculated after peripheral lymphocytes had been stimulated with self tumor lysates. Results The proportion of Tel in CD8~+ cells increased re-markably on S2 while the proportion of Tc2 in CD8~+ cells remained no significant changes after chemothera-py. The ratio of Tc1 to Tc2 cells reached the highest on S_2. IFN-γ/secreting CD8~+ T cells also increased re-markably on S_2, especially when CD8~+ T cells were stimulated with autologous tumor antigen. Conclusion Paclitaxel and carboplatin induce the changes of Tc1/Tc2 profile and augment anti-tumor immune response by immune reconstitution. It probably turns out that the "window period" during immune reconstitution offers a best opportunity for cancer immunotherapy.

Objective:The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic changes in the numbers and functions of CD8+T cells and NK cells in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing first line chemotherapy,so as to identify whether there was a "window period" of anti-tumor immune suppression reverse after chemotherapy.Methods:Peripheral blood samples from each ovarian cancer patient were obtained before (S0) and at day 5-7 (S1),day 12-14 (S2) and day 25-28 (S3) after chemotherapy in 13 patients.The numbers and proportions of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and nature killer (NK) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry technique.The percentages of specific IFN-?-secreting CD8+cells were also calculated after that peripheral lymphocytes had been stimulated with self tumor lysates.Cytotoxicity of NK cells against K562 cells was detected by LDH releasing assay.Results:The numbers of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+T cells and NK cells reduced to the lowest on S1.Compared to those of the control group,and the percentages of IFN-?-secreting CD8+ T cells were remarkably higher on S1,S2 and S3 when CD8+ T cells were stimulated with autologous tumor antigen,and the percentage of CD8+ IFN-?+ cell reached the highest on S2.No significant differences of NK cell cytotoxicity against K562 cells were found on S1,S2 and S3 compared to S0.Conclusion:Paclitaxel and carboplatin induce lymphopenia,which triggers the temporary immune reconstitution.During immune reconstitution the enhanced priming of CD8+T cell response by autologous tumor antigen is found while the function of NK cells does not change significantly.It probably turns out that the "window period" during immune reconstitution offers a best opportunity for cancer immunotherapy.

Objective To investigate effect of intravitreal injection of FK506 on the survival of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells heteroplastically transplanted into the subretinal space of rabbits. Methods The immortalized human RPE cells were genetically labeled by retrovirus vector carrying a green fluorescent protein (GFP). A total of 50 ?l RPE cells suspension with 4?10 3 cells/?l which expressed GFP were injected into the subretinal space of both eyes of 18 white rabbits and 10 gray rabbits. The left eyes of all of the rabbits were injected of 5 ?l FK506 (5 ?g/?l) intravitreally once a week during the first 5 weeks, then once every other week until the 20 th week and the right eyes were as the control. The histological sections of heteroplastic RPE cells were observed by epifluorescent microscope. Results GFP-expressing cells could be seen after 1 week, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, 11, 14, 18, 20, 23, 24, 25, 26, 33, and 54 weeks in white rabbits and after 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 18, 20, and 26 weeks in gray rabbits. The configuration and integrality of the RPE-GFP cells in the left eyes which had been intravitreally injected of FK506 1-14 weeks after transplantation were better than those in the right eyes without injection. After 18 weeks, the condition of heteroplastic cells with few difference in both eyes in 7 white and 3 gray rabbits were found. After 1-6 weeks, focal and disseminated lymphocytes around the choroidal small vessles of right eyes in 6 white and 3 gray rabbits could be seen while the infiltration of the lymphocytes in the left eyes was much reduced. Conclusion Intravitreal injection of a small amount of FK506 at the first 3 months after transplantation may significantly improve the survival of heteroplastic RPE cells in the subretinal space of rabbits.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of the new type of Tongxinluo (TXL) on blood-brain barrier impairment after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury in rats.Methods 78 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n=6), operated group (n=36) and TXL-treated group (n=36), the latter two groups were divided into 0.5 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h groups (n=6, each) according to the time after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion for 2 h. The rats were pretreated with normal saline or TXL for 7 d. The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model was established by the Longa occlusion method;The serum S100? protein concentrations of different point time were determined by ELISA method and infarct volumes were determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium Chloride (TTC) staining method. Results (1) The serum S100? protein level in TXL-treated groups were significantly decreased compared with operated groups at 0.5 h, 2 h, 6 h,12 h and 24 h after MCAO/R (P

AIM: We investigated the numbers and proportions of lymphocyte subsets in advanced ovarian cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, so as to identify whether there is immune reconstitution after chemotherapy, and seek rational chemo-immunotherapy strategies in ovarian cancer treatment. METHODS: Blood samples from each ovarian cancer patient were obtained before (S_0) and at day 5-7 (S_1), day 12-14 (S_2) and day 25-28 (S_3) after chemotherapy in 13 patients. Flow cytometry technique was employed to analyse the numbers, proportions of CD3~+, CD4~+, CD8~+, CD4~+CD25~+ Treg and memory-like phenotype lymphocyte subsets. RESULTS: Lymphopenia was observed at S1 after chemotherapy, but lymphocytes were found gradually recovered after S1. The numbers of CD3~+, CD4~+, CD8~+T cells and CD4~+CD25~+ Treg cells reduced to the lowest on S_1. The proportions of CD8~+ T cells and CD4~+CD25~+ Treg cells reduced to the lowest on S_1 and S_2 respectively. The proportions of CD45RO~+ memory T cells increased significantly on S2 while the proportion of CD8~+CD45RA~+ T cells decreased remarkably on S_2. CONCLUSION: Paclitaxel and carboplatin induce lymphopenia at day 5-7 after chemotherapy, then comes the temporary immune reconstitution. It probably turns out that the window period during immune reconstitution offers a best opportunity for cancer immunotherapy.

Background:CXC chemokine receptor type 2(CXCR2)is a member of G protein coupled receptor superfamily,and is mainly involved in the growth of tumor,angiogenesis and the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Studies showed that CXCR2 was associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),but the exact role has not yet been clarified. It was found that the interaction of interleukin-8(IL-8)with CXCR1 and CXCR2 played an important role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Aims:To investigate the expressions and significance of CXCR2 and IL-8 in patients with IBD. Methods:A total of 121 IBD patients in active stage from October 2013 to December 2014 at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University were enrolled and assigned into Crohn’s disease(CD)group and ulcerative colitis(UC)group. Seventy healthy subjects were served as controls(HC). Expressions of IL-8 mRNA and CXCR2 mRNA in peripheral blood and intestinal mucosal tissue were determined by real-time PCR;expression of CXCR2 protein in intestinal mucosal tissue was determined by Western blotting. Results:In peripheral blood,expression of IL-8 mRNA in UC group was significantly higher than that in HC group(P = 0. 017),while expressions of CXCR2 mRNA in CD,UC and HC groups were not significantly different (P = 0. 285). In intestinal mucosal tissue,expressions of IL-8 mRNA in CD,UC and HC groups showed no significant difference(P = 0. 206),while expressions of CXCR2 mRNA in CD and UC groups were significantly higher than that in HC group(P = 0. 002;P < 0. 001),and expression of CXCR2 mRNA in UC group was significantly higher than that in CD group(P = 0. 005);expressions of CXCR2 protein in UC and CD groups were higher than that in HC group(P = 0. 049 P =0. 080). Conclusions:Expressions of CXCR2 mRNA and protein in intestinal mucosal tissue of patients with IBD, especially UC are significantly increased. Down regulation of CXCR2 expression in intestinal mucosa may provide a new target for treatment of UC. IL-8 is significantly highly expressed in peripheral blood of patients with UC,which suggests that IL-8 might be related mainly with UC.

Objective:To explore whether apoptotic ovarian cancer cells induced by chemotherapy drugs paclitaxel and cisplatin can be cross-presented by dendritic cells(DCs) and enhance immune responses.Methods:DCs were induced from peripheral blood monocytes cells by GM-CSF/IL-4 for 6 d,then they were stimulated with either apoptotic ovarian cancer HO8910 cells,frozen-thawed HO8910 cells or control cells for 4 h.Their surface markers and phagocytotic ability were detected by flow cytometry and confocal microscopic scanning assay,respectively.DCs of different groups were cultured with CD8+ T cells isolated by magnetic cell sorting,and the ability of DCs to activate CD8+ T cells was evaluated by 3H-TdR,the activity of CTL to kill tumor cells was evaluated by LDH.Production of IFN-? by CD8+ T cells was measured by ELISPOT.Results:Apoptotic ovarian cancer cells induced by chemotherapy drugs paclitaxel and cisplatin could be phagocytized by DCs,which subsequently promoted the maturation and antigen presenting ability of DCs.Apoptotic ovarian cancer cells implused DCs significantly promoted proliferation of CD8+ T cells compared with that of control cells(P