The incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients with ovarian cancer is much higher than other gynecologic cancers. Approximate 20%of ovarian cancer patients have hypercoagulable status during different phases of their disease. Ovarian cancer itself can induce hypercoagulability, but meanwhile the over activated coagulation system may promote disease progression. Coagulation system disorder is one of the most important prognostic factors in ovarian cancer. Recently, hypercoagulability becomes a hot spot in the ovarian cancer research ifeld. This article reviews the mechanism of hypercoagulability, its clinical implication and correlated treatment in ovarian cancer patients.

BACKGROUND:In vitro isolation and purity technique of stem cells mostly depends on the identification of cell surface marker,such as monoclonal antibody adherent spreading method,flow cell sorting method and immunomagnetic beads sorting method,but the operation was complicated and the price was high.OBJECTIVE:To observe the biological characteristics of human amniotic fluid-derived embryonic mesenchymal stem cells,which were isolated and cultured using the two-step method.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The opening study was conducted at the Stem Cell Research Room of Xinjiang Medical University from March 2008 to March 2009.MATERIALS:Totally 10 amniotic fluid specimens were obtained from pregnant women who underwent prenatal diagnosis following 16-22 weeks of gestation or voluntarily induced abortion.With ultrasonic guidance,amniocentesis was performed to collect 20-40 mL amniotic fluid.METHODS:Human amniotic fluid-derived embryonic mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured using the two-step method.Amniotic fluid was first centrifuged and incubated till spindle-shape cells were seen,with the presence of flbroblast-tike cell colonies.Supematant was moved to a new 25 cm~2 culture flask for further culture till spindle-shape fibroblast-like mesenchymal stem cell colonies.When 70% confluence,cells were digested,and incubated in α-MEM,supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor,served as the first passage.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Morphological changes in human amniotic fluid-derived embryonic mesenchymal stem cells of primary culture and subculture were measured.Karyotype,cycle,growth curve and colony formation ability of human amniotic fluid-derived embryonic mesenchymal stem cells were measured.Surface antigen and cytokine were examined using flow cytometry,immunofluorescence and RT-PCR.RESULTS:Human amniotic fluid-derived embryonic mesenchymal stem cells were successfully isolated and subcultured.During metaphase,primarily cultured amniotic fluid cells presented scattered spindle cells and flbroblast-like mesenchymal stem cell colonies every 7 days.Passaged cells completely adhered in 12 hours.Following 1 or 2 days of latent period,cells proliferated rapidly.About 90% confluence was observed following 6 or 7 days of culture.Cell arranged regularly,showing whirlpool-shape,radiated shape.Cells were spindle-shape,with unclear boundary.Chromosome karyotype of human amniotic fluid-derived embryonic mesenchymal stem cells was normal diploid.Growth curve showed "S" shape,but the two-step method reached a peak at (6.1±0.5) days,which was significantly rapid compared with the one-step method (7.2±0.6) days (P=0.035).Flow cytometry analyses showed that P3 cells at S phase took up (14±2.3)% using the two-step method,which was more than the one-step method (9.0±1.4)% (P=0.031).Low-density human amniotic fluid-derived embryonic mesenchymal stem cells were incubated for 7 days prior to cells formed scattered cell colonies.However,colony forming efficiency using the two-step method (15.0±2.3)% were significantly more than the one-step method (10.0±1.8)% (P=0.021).Flow cytometry results showed that human amniotic fluid-derived embryonic mesenchymal stem cells expressed CD44,CD29 and CD105,but were negatively for CD45,CD34,HLA-DR.Immunofluorescence suggested that Oct-4-positive cells were observed in amniotic fluid.However,the proportion of Oct-4-positive cells using two-step method (1.2±0.3)% was significantly greater than the one-step method (0.9±0.2)% (P=0.041).RT-PCR suggested that human amniotic fluid-derived embryonic mesenchymal stem cells obtained using the two methods expressed Oct-4.CONCLUSION:Human multipotent mesenchymal stem cells are present in human amniotic fluid.The two-step culture protocol could be a kind of high performance and simple protocol which may not interfere with the normal prenatal diagnosis procedure.

Fourteen compounds were isolated from Dalbergia odoriferae and purified by repeated column chromatography on silica and sephadex LH-20 gel and structurally identified by spectral analysis. These compounds were identified as 4, 9-dimethoxy-3-hydroxypterocarpan (1), medicarpin (2), 2', 4', 5-trihydroxy-7-methoxyisoflavone (3), 2', 3', 7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan (4), formononetin (5), 3, 8-dihydroxy-9-methoxypterocarpan (6), koparin (7), 3-hydroxy-9-methoxypterocarp-6a-ene (8), 2'-hydroxyformononetin (9), stevenin (10), 2', 7-dihydroxy-4', 5'-dimethoxyisoflavone (11), lyoniresinol (12), 2, 4-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-benzophenone (13) and neokhriol A (14). Compounds 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 14 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Antibacterial activity assay showed that compound 4 had inhibitory effect on Ralstonia solanacearum.
Anisoles ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Benzophenones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Chromatography ; methods ; Dalbergia ; chemistry ; Dextrans ; Gels ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Naphthalenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Pterocarpans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Ralstonia solanacearum ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Silica Gel

Objective Gambogic acid ( GA) can suppress the growth of multiple tumor cells , including gastric carcinoma , hepatoma , hematologic neoplasms and breast carcinoma , but there have been few reports about its effect on urologic neoplasms .This study was to investigate the possible mechanisms of GA inducing bladder cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest . Methods We cultured human bladder cancer BIU8-7 cell lines in vitor and treated the cells in the logarithmic growth phase with isotonic saline solu-tion (negative control)or GA at the concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0μmol/L, respectively.We determined the expression of the Caspase-3 protein in the tumor tissue using the immunohistochemical S-P method and detected GA-induced apoptosis of the bladder cancer cells and cell cycle changes by flow cytometry . Results The expressions of the Caspase-3 protein were 4.28 ±1.86, 5.03 ± 0.78, and 6.47 ±1.31 in the 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0μmol/L GA groups, respectively, significantly higher than 2.13 ±1.27 in the nega-tive control (P<0.05).Flow cytometry showed a gradual decrease of the cells in the G 0/G1 phase and a gradual increase in the G2/M phase , but no obvious change in the S phase . Conclusion Gambogic acid can promote the apoptosis , arrest the cell cycle , and in-hibit the proliferation of bladder cancer cells by increasing the expression of the Caspase -3 protein.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) Supreme in the elderlypatients with hypertension.Methods Forty elderly patients with more than 1-year history of hypertension,aged65-75 yr,weighing 45-70 kg,with body mass index ＜ 35 kg/m2,were randomized into 2 groups (n=20 each):intratracheal intubation group (group T) and LMA Supreme group (group S).Anesthesia was induced with fenta-nyl,propofol and vecuronium.LMA Supreme was inserted in group S or intratracheal intubation was performed ingroup T for mechanical ventilation.Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane,propofol and vecuronium.Thesystolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),heart rate (HR) and pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2) were recorded after entering the operating room (T0),at 0,1,2 and 5 min after LMA insertion or intuba-tion (T1-4),at skin incision (T5),and immediately after removal of LMA or extubation (T6).Venous blood samples were taken at T0-4,6 for determination of plasma epinephrine (AE),noradrenaline (NE) and dopamine (DA)concentrations.The insertion and removal responses,LMA insertion/intubation time and the number of inserting LMA/intubation were recorded.The lung compliance,airway peak pressure,airway sealing pressure and airway plateau pressure were detected after LMA insertion/intubation.The side effects occurred in the pharynx were recorded after removal of LMA or extubation.Results Compared with group T,the SBP,HR,insertion and removal responses,incidence of side effects and plasma AE,NE and DA concentrations were significantly decreased and LMA insertion/intubation time was significantly shortened in group S (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the baseline value at T0,the concentration of plasma NE was significantly increased at T2 in group S,the concentration of plasma NE was significantly increased at T1-4.6 and the concentration of plasma AE and DA was significantly increased at T1.3 in group T (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion LMA Supreme has better efficacy for airway management in the elderly patients with hypertension than intratracheal intubation,with lower insertion and removal responses and fewer side effects occurred in the pharynx.

Objective To explore the characteristic of transcranial color-coded sonography(TCCS)and contrast-enhanced transcranial color-coded sonography (CE-TCCS) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and thiers clinical value.Methods 66 patients were randomly selected,whose preliminary clinical diagnosis were intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).The patients were followed up by TCCS in acute phase,subacute phase and chronic phase.The changes of the echo,boundary and the hematoma volume were recorded in different stages.In acute phase,patients' complications of intracerebral structure were observed.32 patients were selected randomly to underwent CE-TCCS examination in the subacute phase.The size,shape and the perfusion situation of hematoma were observed.The results of CE-TCCS were compared with the results of TCCS.Correlation analysis was made between the results of ultrasound and CT scan.Results (1) CT results:61 patients (61/66) were confirmed ICH through CT scan.(2) TCCS results:50 patients (50/61) with ICH could show the bleeding site.TCCS showed that 33 patients with ICH accompanied by intraventricular pressure,haematoma defeats ventricle and midline shift in acute phase.The echo became lower and the boundary became more clear with time.The long diameter,wide diameter,thickness diameter and volume of hematoma in different stages on TCCS had a good correlation with that on CT scan.(3)CE-TCCS results:30 cases of intracerebral hematoma could be clearly displayed the situation of hematoma through the ipsilateral temporal window.Compared with TCCS,CE TCCS had a better correlation with CT scan on the measurement of the hematoma length,width.The images of 2 cases observed through contralateral temporal window failded to be clearly shown.In 7 cases of ICH,visible low-enhanced edema area could be seen around the hematoma.The width of the edema area had a good correlation with the CTP result.Conclusions TCCS could clearly show the bleeding sites,hematoma volume and complications and the features of ICH in different stages of disease.TCCS could be used to monitor the condition of patients with ICH and recognized the disease progression initially.CE-TCCS had a much more clear display of intracerebral hematoma location,shape,boundary.At the same time,CE-TCCS could provide blood perfusion information of surrounding tissue in hematoma so that it could observe the change of peripheral edema more convenient.

Objective To isolate enterovirus 71 from a death children,and analyze whether the neurovirulence was related to the variation of nucleotide and amino acid. Methods Enterovirus 71 was isolated from throat swabs which were colleted from Shandong Linyi People's Hospital. The full length genome was sequenced by amplification with RT-PCR and sequencing of 9 overlapped gene fragments covering full length of the genomes. The nucleotide and amino acid sequenced was aligned by BLAST, Bioedit and MEGA 4. Results A strain of enterovirus 71 was isolated and named as SDLY107. The full length was 7405 bp. The results of homology analysis of overall nucleotide sequence showed that strain Fuyang. Anhui. P. R. C/17.08/2 had highest homology (98.6%)with strain SDLY107, and the homology was 80.0% between strain SDLY107 with prototype strain BrCr/70,and 86. 5% between strain SDLY107 with nerve strain MS/87. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the phylogeny was close between SDLY107 with some isolated strains from Chinese Mainland, such as Beijing, Henan, Guangxi, Sbenzhen, Lanzhou, Fuyang, Chongqing and Zhejiang strains, which was clustered for C4 subtype. The results of amino acid sequence analysis showed that there were 2 mutations, E947D and K1873R, for strain SDLY107. Conclusion SDLY107 belonged to C4 subtype, amino acid mutations E947D and K1873R of which may be relevant to the pathogenicity of EV71.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Infant ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraffin Embedding ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the effect of temporal resolution of breast dynamic contrast-enhancing (DCE)-MRI on pharmacokinetic parameters and diagnostic performance in benign and malignant breast lesions.Methods Retrospective review was performed on 26 benign and 29 malignant breast lesions which were proven pathologically by surgery or biopsy.Dynamic contrast enhanced breast MRI using a new volume-interpolated-breath-hold examination sequence combining parallel acquisition, Dixon fat separation and time-resolved imaging with interleaved stochastic trajectories (CDT-VIBE) was performed in all patients.The original time resolution of this sequence was 12 s and based on which, dynamic sequences with different temporal resolutions of 24 s, 36 s, 48 s and 60 s were simulated by a sample-removing method and were used for the calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters, including volume transfer constant (Ktrans), constant flux rate (Kep), volume of extravascular extracellular space (Ve) and area under the curve at initial 60 s (iAUC), to observe their changes with different temporal resolution.The repeated measurement of analysis of variance was used to explore significant changes in pharmacokinetics parameters with different temporal resolution.To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of parameters with different temporal resolution, ROC analysis was performed in accordance with pathological findings.Results With decrease of temporal resolution from 12 to 60 s, there was a significant increase in Ktrans and Kep of benign lesions [Ktrans: (0.147±0.084)/min to (0.170 ± 0.085)/min, Kep: (0.321± 0.176)/min to (0.433± 0.175)/min] and steady decrease in Ktrans and Kep of malignant lesions [Ktrans: (0.373±0.210)/min to (0.259± 0.122)/min, Kep: (0.929 ±0.402)/min to (0.581 ± 0.143)/min];the changes of Ve were less significant and irregular;the values of iAUC decreased both in benign [(9.192± 4.660) to (7.388± 3.065)] and malignant [(20.221±9.876) to (12.850±5.194)] lesions.The changes in all parameters with different time resolution were statistically significant in benign and malignant lesions (all P＜0.05).By pair-wise comparison between different time resolution, the changes of K among 12 s, 24 s and 36 s (all P＜0.05), the changes of Kep between 12 s and others (all P＜0.01), the changes of Ve between 24 s and others (all P＜0.01), and the changes among all pairs of iAUC were significant (all P＜0.05) except for 12 s and 24 s (P=1.000).The best AUC value of Ktrans and Kep between benign and malignant lesions were achieved with 12 s dynamic sequences (0.887, 0.939), and the best AUC value of iAUC was with 24 s sequences (0.877).The AUC values of Ve were between 0.511 to 0.601, which was lower than that of other three parameters.Conclusion A 24 s or higher temporal resolution of DCE-MRI should be able to provide consistent differentiation of pharmacokinetic parameters in benign and malignant breast lesions.

Objective To describe the general characteristics of patients with acute chest pain in order to analyze factors associated with patients’utilization of emergency medical services (EMS).Methods A total of 747 eligible patients with acute chest pain admitted to emergency department of Qilu Hospital were consecutively enrolled from October 2014 to April 2015.Clinical data including demographic features, mode of arrival,past medical history,risk factors,symptoms and signs were collected prospectively by using standardized case report form.Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to investigate the association between the decision to use EMS and related factors including demographic features,past medical history,risk factors,symptoms and signs.Results Of the total 747 eligible patients,414 (55.4%)were male ,and the mean age was (57.2 ± 15.8)year;333 (44.6%)were female,and the mean age was (61.7 ±14.9)year.Of them,171 (22.9%)patients used EMS,and 143 chest pain patients with more than 75 years old were more inclined to use EMS (P <0.01),whereas 152 patients in 65 -75 years age group accounted for the lowest proportion of using EMS.Men were more inclined to use EMS than women (P <0.05),and 483 patients with typical chest pain used more EMS than patients with atypical chest pain (P <0.05);Of them,356 patients with a history of hypertension and 54 patients with a history of cerebral infarction were more inclined to use EMS (P <0.05 and P <0.01,respectively).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male,older than 75 years,history of cerebral infarction were independent factors associated with EMS use (P <0.05).Conclusions This study indicated that only less than one-third of emergency department visits with acute chest pain decide to use EMS when symptoms occurred. Factors including male,older than 75 years,and a history of cerebral infarction were associated with more use of EMS.In order to promote patient asking for EMS timely,more work should be done.