Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD1 ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective: To assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of high-dose rate (HDR) and low-dose rate (LDR) intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical carcinoma. Methods: This study retrieved relevant randomized and quasi-randomized control trial in PubMed (1966 to December 2007), EMBASE (1974 to December 2007), Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2007), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM, 1978 to December 2007), China Journal Full Text Database (CJFD, 1994 to December 2007), and Chinese Scientific Journals Full Text Database (CSJD, 1989 to December 2007). We also traced back the references to collect the relevant trails. Inclusion criteria were as follows: randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trails reported in English or Chinese; high- or low-dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy in the treatment of local advanced cervical carcinoma. Two reviewers assessed the quality of included trials and extracted data independently. The RevMan 4. 2. 10 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results: Four studies were involved and 1 253 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in 3-, 5-, 10-year overall survival rate, 3- and 5-year pelvic control rate, 3-, 5-, and 10-year relapse-free survival rate between HDR group and LDR group. The pooled relative risk value and 95% CI were 0.96 (0.80-1.16), 0.92 (0.83-1.01), 0.86 (0.70-1.05); 0.96 (0.86-1.07),0.95 (0.87-1.05); 1.02 (0.84-1.23), 0.98 (0.89-1.07), and 1.02 (0.88-1.19), respectively. There was no significant difference in local-regional recurrence, local recurrence with distant metastasis, para-aortic lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis between the two groups. The relative risk value and 95% CI were 1.03 (0.83-1.30), 2.23 (0.78-6.34), 1.06 (0.50-2.24), and 1.00 (0.76-1.32) respectively. The 3-5 grade complications in the bladder, rectosigmoid colon, and small intestine had no statistical difference between the two groups. The relative risk value and 95% CI were 1.08 (0.18-6.63), 0.90 (0.25-3.21), and 3.12 (0.96-10.15), respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that HDR has similar effects with LDR in improving the survival rate and tumor control rate of patients with cervical carcinoma. Because of the small number and uneven qualities of samples, the conclusion needs further verification by large sample, multi-center, randomized controlled trials.

Adult ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; metabolism ; pathology ; Silicosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To compare the difference of wound healing quality of composite skin grafting consisting of xenogeneic (porcine) acellular dermal matrix (PADM) combined with micro-autograft or split-thickness autograft of skin. Methods Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats with full-thickness skin defect on the back were randomly divided into three groups,namely test group I with PADM with split-thickness autologous skin,test group II with HADM with autologous micro- skin and allogeneic skin graft,and control group with autologous micro-skin with allogeneic skin graft to cover the skin defect area respectively. The take rate and the condition of wound healing,and also the rates of wound contraction were calculated. Tissue samples were harvested for histological examination. Results The wound contraction was less in test group I and II than that in control group( P

Objective To investigate the efficacy of sorafenib alone or combination with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and percutaneous local cryotherapy(PLCT)for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients without operation opportunity. Methods Sixty-four advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients were selected as our subjects,who were underwent treatment of sorafenib alone or combination with TACE and PLCT. Thirty-two cases with sorafenib therapy were served as sorafenib group and another 32 cases with sorafenib in combination with transarterial chemoembolization and PLCT were served as combination group. All patients were followed up for 6 - 32 months. The treatment efficacy and tumor development were recorded. Results All surgeries of the patients were succeed and no death or serious operation complications occurred. Of 64 patients, 11 were achieved a complete remission( CR),31 cases with partial remission( PR),14 cases with stable development(SD),and 8 cases with progressive disease(PD). In the sorafenib group,3 cases were with CR,11 patients with PR,12 with SD,and 6 patients with PD. In the combination group,8 patients were with CR,20 patients with PR,2 patients with SD and 2 patients with PD,and the difference was significant between the two groups(χ2 = 14. 028,P = 0. 003). The median periods to tumor progression were 20 and 53 weeks in the sorafenib group and the combination group,and the difference was significant( χ2 = 14. 773,P = 0. 000). Conclusion For hepatocellular carcinoma patients without operation opportunity,sorafenib combined with TACE and PLCT can increase the tumor remission rate and prolong the periods to tumor progression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Mesaconitine was incubated with rat liver microsomes in vitro. The metabolites of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes were identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method with high resolution power. A typical reaction mixture of 100 mol L-1 Tris-HCI buffer (pH 7.4) containing 0.5 gL-1 microsomal protein and 50 micro molL-1 mesaconitine was prepared. The above reaction mixture was divided into six groups, and the volume of each group was 200 micro L. The incubation mixture was pre-incubated at 37 degrees C for 2 min and the reactions were initiated by adding NADPH generating system. After 90 min incubation at 37 degrees C, 200 micro L of acetonitrile was added to each group to stop the reaction. The metabolites of mesaconitine were investigated by UPLC-MS/MS method. Mesaconitine and 6 metabolites M1-M6 were found in the incubation system. The structures were characterized according to the data from MS/MS spectra and literatures. The metabolic reactions of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes included the demethylation, deacetylation, dehydrogenation and hydroxylation. The major metabolic pathways of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes were determined by UPLC-MS/MS on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode combined with specific inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, including alpha-naphthoflavone (CYP1A2), quinine (CYP2D), diethyldithiocarbamate (CYP2E1), ketoconazole (CYP3A) and sulfaphenazole (CYP2C), separately. Mesaconitine was mainly metabolized by CYP3A. CYP2C and CYP2D were also more important CYP isoforms for the metabolism reactions of mesaconitine, but CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 haven't any contribution to MA metabolism in rat liver microsomes.
Aconitine ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Ketoconazole ; pharmacology ; Male ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Microsomes, Liver ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Quinine ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sulfaphenazole ; pharmacology ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective To investigate the genetic heterogeneity of 5’-NCR of HCV genotype 1b.Methods We selected 147 HBV genotype 1b serum samples. HCV 5’-NCR fragments were amplified from these samples by use of RT-PCR assay and sequenced after using restriction endonuclease Mbo Ⅰ and BamH Ⅰ. We analyzed the phylogenetic trees of the samples and compared them with 40 isolates of HCV genotype 1b.Results The sequencing reports indicated the isolates of HCV genotype 1b recognized by BamHⅠat position 117 by a substitution (C-T) at position 120 in HCV genotype 1b viruses in China. Of 147 samples, 17 (11.56%) samples for one BamHⅠrecognization position, 26 (17.69%) for neither BamH Ⅰ recognization position nor Mbo Ⅰ,6 samples (4.08%) for two Mbo I recognization position, 18(12.24%)for one MboⅠrecognization position.Conclusions Of 147 HBV genotype 1b serum samples, 54.42% for one Mbo I recognization position, whether this have relationship with the response to IFN therapy provide the framwork for future detailed investigation of HCV antviral therapy. There is specific BamH I recognization position in isolates of HCV genotype 1b in China as compared to the other 40 HCV 1b isolates. The role of this specific mutation needs to be further researched.

Objective To analyze the CT features of hepatic echinococcosis rupture into the biliary tract, and to assess the value of CT study in the diagnosis of such cases. Methods CT findings in 15 cases proved surgically and pathologically were studied and analyzed retrospectively. Results 15 patients had 20 hepatic echinococcosis, including simple echinococcosis with single cyst (9 lesions), simple hydatid cyst with multiple cysts (6 lesions), and multivesicular echinococcosis with multiple cysts (5 lesions). 2 lesions had calcifications on the cyst wall. The rupture of hepatic echinococcosis into the intrahepatic ducts was found in all 15 cases. Meanwhile, 12 of them had rupture into the common bile duct, and 2 into the gallbladder. The main CT findings were hepatic echinococcosis incorporated with the dilatation of the biliary tract. Conclusion Signs of rupture of hepatic echinococcosis into the biliary tract are characteristic in CT studies, providing a reliable evidence for preoperative diagnosis.

With this retrospective study, we analyzed the negotiation subject, drug type, drug access mechanism, negotiation link and negotiation result of drug negotiation in typical regions at home and abroad.In foreign countries, drug negotiation mechanism has been implemented for many years, and many countries have established a relatively perfect negotiation system.We selected 8 typical countries and regions for which we statistically analyzed the negotiation subject, drug type, drug access mechanism, negotiation link and negotiation result of drug negotiation and these include the United States, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, South Korea and Taiwan.However, in recent years some Chinese medical insurance department carried out pilot works on drug negotiations, and they got some successful results of the implementation of practical experience.Eight typical Chinese regions were also selected for statistical analysis, and these include Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Chengdu and Qingdao.From the analysis of the comparison of drug negotiation mechanism in domestic and foreign typical regional, we found that foreign regional drug negotiation mechanism is more mature and perfect, while in the domestic areas the mechanism is still poor at a certain extent as compared to foreign countries.We should learn from the successful experience of foreign countries and also establish and improve the negotiation mechanism that is suitable for China''s national conditions.

Objectives In our studies before, we reported mutation C-T at -222 of hepatitis C virus type 1b genotyped on 5′ noncoding region (5′NCR). There was no this mutation of type 1b recorded in GenBank. Since genotypiog based on 5′NCR cannot differentiate subtypes, it is necessary to investigate whether the hepatitis C virus genotype 1b strains with mutation C-T belongs to other subtypes of genotype 1. Methods 64 HCV genotype 1b samples were amplified from 5′NCR by RT-PCR.Then the products were digested by use of BamHⅠ restriction enzymes. We randomly chose 6 samples with BamHⅠ restriction site and subjected them to amplification of 5′NCR and NS5B. The sequences of 5′NCR were analyzed. Sequences of NS5B fragments from the 6 samples were respectively subjected to phylogenetic analysis with subtypes of genotype 1 and 38 complete genomes of genotype 1b from GenBank.Results The phylogenetic analysis of 6 samples and subtypes of genotype 1 indicated that the genotypes of 6 strains with BamHⅠ restriction site in 5′NCR were type 1b, instead of subtype of type 1. Tree construction with 38 complete genomes of genotype 1b showed that the 6 mutants of genotype 1b did not belong to the same branch of the tree and there were no genetic differences between the mutants and the other strains of genotype 1b.Conclusions Our research indicated that the hepatitis C virus stains of C-T in 5′NCR were mutants of type 1b. Since the 5′NCR is a highly conserved region of HCV, the mutation might have some relationship to the long-time IFN therapy.