This paper aims to develop a method for the determination of aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol and physcion and study the pharmacokinetic properties of four anthraquinones in rat plasma after oral administration of gardenia and rhubarb decoction. The plasma concentrations at different time points of four anthraquinones were determined by HPLC-FLD method. Plasma samples were extracted with liquid-liquid extraction procedure. Plasma samples were separated on a C18 column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 μm), using 0.2% acetic acid and methanol as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min(-1) with gradient elution. The excitation and emission wavelengths were set at 430, 525 nm, respectively. DAS 2.0 software was applied to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. The results showed four anthraquinones can be absorbed. The main parameters of aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol and physcion were as follows: C(max) for aloe-emodin was (0.085 ± 0.058), (3.772 ± 1.152), (0.464 ± 0.267), (0.028 ± 0.008) mg x L(-1) respectively; t(max) for rhein was (1.042 ± 0.510), (0.805 ± 0.307), (1.167 ± 0.283), (0.616 ± 0.162) h respectively; t½ for chrysophanol was (3.557 ± 1.250), (6.879 ± 1.126), (5.196 ± 2.032), (4.337 ± 1.816) h; AUC(0-t) for physcion was (0.504 ± 0.130), (9.558 ± 1.106), (2.545 ± 1.554), (0.052 ± 0.018) mg x h x L(-1). This paper developed a selective, accurate and sensitive HPLC-FLD method for the simultaneous determination of four anthraquiones in rat plasma.
Animals ; Anthraquinones ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective: To sieve the bioactive constituents of Radix Puerariae,serum pharmacochemistry research was performed.Method: Based on the establishment of HPLC fingerprints of Radix Puerariae,the constituents absorbed into blood were determined by comparing the HPLC fingerprints of the methanol extracts,tested serum samples and blank serum sample.Results: Four compounds absorbed into blood were detected,among which two were original constituents of Radix Puerariae(including puerarin),the other might be metabolites of the original constituents.Conclusion: These four constituents absorbed into blood were possible bioactive components of Radix Puerariae.Further studies on them will help clarify the bioactive constituents and mechanisms of Radix Puerariae.

Objective: To learn the health literacy status, trend and associated factors of Ningbo residents from 2015 to 2019, so as to provide basis for developing health policies and interventions. Methods: The monitoring data of health literacy of Ningbo residents from 2015 to 2019 was collected. The health literacy level was calculated and standardized by the population data of the sixth national census of Ningbo in 2010; five-year absolute growth and growth rate were used to reflect the changing trend. Multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze the influencing factors for the health literacy level. Results: The health literacy levels from 2015 to 2019 were 15.44%, 21.73%, 22.41%, 27.60% and 30.03%, with an annual increase trend ( P<0.05 ). The five-year absolute growth and growth rate were 14.59% and 94.49%. The Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the year ( OR=1.158, 95%CI: 1.132-1.184 ), age ( 25-<35岁 years, OR=1.235, 95%CI: 1.039-1.468; 35-<45岁 years, OR=1.416, 95%CI: 1.193-1.681; 45-<55岁 years, OR=1.221, 95%CI: 1.024-1.455 ) , education level ( primary school, OR=1.790, 95%CI: 1.461-2.195; junior high school, OR=2.574, 95%CI: 2.102-3.154; high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school, OR=4.863, 95%CI: 3.943-5.998; college or above, OR=8.829, 95%CI: 7.109-10.965 ) , urban areas ( OR=0.934, 95%CI: 0.874-0.998 ) and occupation ( farmers, OR=0.692, 95%CI: 0.608-0.787; workers, OR=0.746, 95%CI: 0.664-0.837; enterprise staff, OR=0.822, 95%CI: 0.745-0.906; others, OR=1.106, 95%CI: 1.009-1.211 ) were the influencing factors for health literacy level. Conclusion The health literacy level of Ningbo residents shows an upward trend from 2015 to 2019, which are associated with age, education level, area and occupation.

Animals ; Helminthiasis ; pathology ; Humans ; Moniliformis ; pathogenicity

Objective To investigate the blockade effects of soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) expressed in vivo on B7-H1/PD-1 signal transduction,and inhibitory effect in pulmonary metastasis of melanoma with combi- nation of Hsp70-B16 antigen peptides in mice.Methods The pulmonary metastasis model of melanoma was established in mice.Immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry were utilized to detect the expres- sion of PD-1 and B7-H1 respectively in pulmonary metastasis loci.Four days after the inoculation of tumor cells,forty murine models of pulmonary metastasis were randomly divided to be immunized with normal sodium (group A),empty vector pcDNA3.1 (group B),PDlA plasmid (group C) respectively via tail vein injection,subcutaneous injection of Hsp70-B16 antigen peptides (group D) or with the combination of intra- venous PDlA plasmid and subcutaneous Hsp70-B 16 antigen peptides (group E).The local infiltration with lymphocytes in pulmonary metastasis loci was observed and a series of immunological parameters were assessed 17 days after the inoculation of tumor cells.Results The melanoma pulmonary metastasis model was successfully established.There were a lot of PD-1 positive cells in these loci,and B7-H1 molecule was massively expressed on the surface of B16 cells in metastasis loci.The pulmonary metastasis was inhibited in the mice of group E,and the inhibition rate was 95%,higher than that in other groups (53%,76%,9% in group C,D,B,respectively).The quantity of CD8~+ T cells in pulmonary metastasis loci,cytotoxicity of spleen lymphocytes to tumor cells,and serum concentration of IL-2 and IFN-?were all significantly elevated in the mice of group E as compared with those of other groups (all P

Objective:Immune cells and inflammatory mediators play important roles in the development of atherosclerotic vascular inflammation.This study focuses on the direct effect ofIL-27 on human coronary artery endothelial cells.Methods:In this study,the effects of IL-27 and TNF-α on inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were investigated.Results:IL-27 could significantly enhance the TNF-α-mediated upregulation of inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and chemokines CCL5 from human coronary artery endothelial cells.The release of IL-6 and CCL5 was significantly suppressed by specific signaling molecule inhibitors.Conclusion:The induction of these mediators from the human coronary artery endothelial cells could be differentially regulated by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase,and nuclear factor-κB pathways.These results provided new insights into the effect of IL-27 on the TNF-α mediated activation of human coronary artery endothelial cells in atherosclerotic vascular inflammation.

Teaching method for basal experiment, comprehensive experiment, design experiment and teach- ing practice in food microiological analysis were elaborated completely, and design experimental teaching was discussed stress. At the same time, Through introducing various experience of the design experiment teaching, resolvent and way of thinking against problem meeted in design experiment teaching were put forward.

Abstract: Objective　To explore the clinical characteristics of nucleic acid negative newborns delivered by pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant BA. 5.1.3) in Sanya area, and to provide evidence for understanding its clinical characteristics. Methods　A retrospective analysis was performed on 14 neonates with negative nucleic acid delivered by pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant BA.5.1.3) in Sanya Central Hospital (the Third People's Hospital of Hainan Province) from June 2022 to September 2022 (observation group, n=14). The corresponding nucleic acid-negative newborns delivered by pregnant women detected negative with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicronon variant strain BA.5.1.3) were set as the control group (n=56), and the general data and clinical characteristics of neonates in the two groups were compared. Results　There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group in pregnancy diabetes, pregnancy induced hypertension, gestational pre-eclampsia, fetal intrauterine distress, premature rupture of membranes (P>0.05); there was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group in terms of sex, gestational age, birth weight, age, mode of delivery, birth Apgar score, heart screening, pulmonary disease, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, thalassemia, breast milk jaundice, hemolytic jaundice (P>0.05). The bilirubin level, blue light irradiation cases and the duration of blue light irradiation of the newborns in the observation group at 7 days after birth were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); the ratio of blood oxygen saturation ≥ 90% in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (21.43% vs 89.29%, P<0.05), and the ratio of blood oxygen saturation occasionally<90% was higher than that in the control group (57.14% vs 10.71%, P<0.05). The ratio of blood oxygen saturation<90% had no significant difference compared with that in the control group (7.14% vs 0, P>0.05), and the ratio of blood oxygen saturation reduced to the required oxygen uptake was higher than that in the control group (14.29% vs 0, P<0.05). Conclusions　The jaundice manifestation of the nucleic acid-negative newborns delivered by pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicronon variant strain BA.5.1.3) in Sanya area is relatively obvious, with blood oxygen saturation easily lower than 90% and even requiring oxygen inhalation in severe cases.

Multiple epitopes from one or more viruses can be lined up and co-expressed in one vector to generate multi-epitopes DNA vaccines. In the study, four recombinant plasmids were constructed based on HA and NP gene of avian influenza virus (AIV) (H5N1): (1) pIRES/HA, carrying the complete HA gene; (2) pIRES/tHA, carrying a truncated HA gene fragment of major neutralizing antigenic epitopes; (3) pIRES/tHA-NPep, in which three CTL epitopes of NP gene of AIV were fused to the truncated HA from the C-terminal; and (4) pIRES/tHA-NPep-IFN-gamma, which was constructed by replacing neo gene in pIRES/ tHA-NPep with IFN-y of chicken. Fifty five SPF chickens were randomly divided into five groups and immunized with the above four constructs and control plasmid. Each chicken was intramuscally immunized with 200 microg plasmid DNA three times in a two-week interval. Two weeks after the third immunization, chickens were injected with H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus. Before the virus loading no detectable antibodies to HA were found in the chicken serum; but high levels of HI antibodies were detected in the serum of the survived chickens. The percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte in peripheral blood of immunized chickens increased steadily after the vaccination. After virus loading all chickens in the control group died within three to eight days, and the survival rates of the four DNA vaccine groups were as follows: pIRES/HA, 54.5%; pIRES/tHA, 30%, pIRES/ tHA-NPep, 36.3%, pIRES/tHA-NPep-IFN-gamma, 50%. These results indicated that multi-epitopes DNA immunization can induce immune response and protect chickens from homologous virus loading.
Animals ; Chickens ; Epitopes ; immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; immunology ; pathogenicity ; Influenza in Birds ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology

Abstract: Objective　To understand the clinical manifestations, symptoms, treatment and recovery of neonates infected with Omicron variant (BA.5.1.3) of SARS-CoV-2, and provide a certain reference for subsequent diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. Methods　The clinical manifestations, epidemiology, auxiliary examinations, and treatment processes of the neonate aged 4-day-old who was community-acquired infection of variant BA.5.1.3 in Sanya was retrospectively analyzed. Results　The neonate's mother was identified as a close contact with patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) one hour before delivery, and tested positive for nucleic acid within 24 hours after delivery. But her breast milk, amniotic fluid, placenta, and umbilical cord were not detected for nucleic acid test after delivery. The nucleic acid test of the neonate was negative within 24 hours after birth. Then he was transferred to the hotel for isolation. Before the transfer, the mother and baby stayed in the same room and ate breast milk but the mother did not wear any mask. The neonate didn't have nucleic acid test on the second and third days of his life, and the nucleic acid test of the neonate was positive on the fourth day, negative on the fifth day, and positive on the sixth day. Then he was transferred to the designated hospital of COVID-19 for treatment. The neonate had no cough, no fever, yellow skin, abdominal distension, general breast feeding, and good reaction. On admission, the laboratory examination showed that blood routine examination and electrolyte were normal, and the myocardial enzyme and liver and kidney functions were normal. The bilirubin was significantly increased (449.3 μmol/L). The nucleic acid test of the neonate was positive and his chest imaging results were normal. The treatment measures were mainly isolation, feeding, blue light fading, close monitoring of vital signs, and antiviral drugs were administered. Jaundice subsided and abdominal distension was relieved after 6 d of treatment, and the treatment process was smooth without complications. Conclusions　The results suggest that the neonates are susceptible to Omicron variant BA.5.1.3 and prone to aggregation. The evidence of vertical transmission is insufficient and the clinical symptoms of neonates infected with Omicron variant BA.5.1.3 are mid, with no involvement of organ damage of the heart, liver, kidney, brain, and other organs.