Objective To observe the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) at different frequency on post-stroke pharyngeal dysphagia.Methods Forty-five stroke survivors with pharyngeal dysphagia were randomly divided into treatment group 1,treatment group 2 and treatment group 3,eachof 15 patients.Patients in the treatment group 1,2 and 3 received NMES once,twice and three times a day respectively.All the 3 groups were given conventional swallowing training.The swallowing function classification was conducted before treatment,as well as 1,2 and 4 weeks after the treatment.Before and 2 weeks after the treatment,X-ray examination of swallowing (VFSS) was taken to assess the swallowing function,and the average treating days of the 3 groups were compared.Results The swallowing function classification showed that in treatment group 1 and 2,significant improvement was observed at this time point than that at the previous time point (P＜0.05).In treatment group 3,after 1 and 2 weeks of treatment,significant improvement was found compared to those previously,but there was no difference between after 2 weeks and 4 weeks of treatment.At the same time points,the treatment group 2 and 3 showed higher efficiency than the group 1 (P＜0.05).And compared with the treatment group 2,the treatment group 3 showed higher efficiency after 1 and 2 weeks of treatment (P＜0.05),but there was nosignificant difference after 4 weeks of treatment.Two weeks after the treatment,the average VFSS scores of all groups were significantly higher than those before the treatment (P＜0.05) and that of treatmentgroup 2 (7.600± 1.793) and 3 (8.900± 1.636) was significantly higher than that in treatment group 1 (6.700±1.873),as was that of group 3 compared to group 2.Compared with the treatment group 1 and 2,the average treatment days decreased significantly in treatment group 3 (P＜0.05).Conclusion NMES is effective in treating pharyngeal dysphagia after stroke.And within a certain range (1 to 3 times every day),with the increasing of daily treatment frequency,the effectismore significant and the average time of treatment shortens.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effects of steel plate fixation after the failure of arthrodesis of ankle by screw fixation.

METHODSFrom August 2001 to October 2011, 15 patients were with steel plate fixation after failure of arthrodesis of ankle by screw fixation. Among patients, 9 cases were males and 6 cases were females,ranging age from 40 to 65 years old with the average of 56 years old. Ten cases were in left and 5 cases were in right. Screws were removed and steel plate was fixed intraoperatively, and plaster external fixation for postoperation. Clincal effect were evaluated according to AOFAS scoring system from pain, waliking ability and aligment before and after operation, and X-ray was used to evaluate joint fusion after operation.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 4 months to 4 years with an average of 2 years. The incison were healed in stage I. No ankle pain,injury of blood vessel and nerve,infection and farilure of internal fixation occuerred. The AOFAS score increased from 36.86 +/- 8.32 preoperatively to 85.09 +/- 4.65 (t = -26.366, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONSteel plate fixation after the failure of ankle arthrodesis of screw fixation has the advantages of rigid stability, simple manipulation and high success rate, less pain, perfect recovery.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Arthrodesis ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Steel ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Failure

Adult ; Endocarditis ; complications ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Pulmonary Embolism ; etiology ; Pulmonary Valve ; microbiology

Purpose To establish rabbit VX2 tumor model and to explore the relation between perfusion parameters and the expression of the VEGF in the portal vein VX2 implanting tumor emboli. Materials and Methods VX2 tumor was implanted in the portal vein of eight experimental rabbits. Multi-slice CT (MSCT) perfusion scan was performed after tumor formation to measure and compare portal vein tumor thrombus, hepatic blood lfow (HBF) near tumor foci and far away from tumor foci, hepatic blood volume (HBV), probability of surface area product (PS) and mean transit time (MTT). The VX2 tumor emboli were then resected to analyze the relationship between the liver perfusion parameters and VEGF expression using immunohistochemical method. Results MSCT liver perfusion parameters were not statistically signiifcant between foci close to or far away from the tumor (P>0.05). The HBF, HBV and PS within the tumor emboli were higher than that in hepatic parenchyma (P<0.05) and the MTT was higher (P<0.05). There was positive correlation (r=0.711, 0.646 and 0.626, P<0.05) between the HBF, HBV and PS of portal vein VX2 tumor emboli and VEGF expression, and there was negative correlation between MTT and VEGF expression (r=-0.565, P<0.05). Conclusion MSCT perfusion parameters in the portal vein VX2 implanting tumor emboli and the expression of VEGF are positively related. MSCT can evaluate the angiogenesis of portal vein VX2 implanting tumor emboli.

Objective To investigate the short-term clinical efficacy of CT-guided percutaneous implantation of 125I radioactive seeds in treating the postoperative lung metastases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH).Methods Eight patients with lung metastases after MFH surgery received CT-guided percutaneous implantation of 125I radioactive seeds.There are 28 metastasis lesions in total.Prescribed dose (PD) was 80 Gy and radioactivity was 0.7 mCi(2.59 × 107 Bq).Six months after implantation,chest CT-scan was performed and the changes were reviewed according to the international standards.ResultsAverage dose received by tumor was ( 172.9 ± 39.9 ) Gy,D100 ( 77.7 ± 10.2 ) Gy and D90 ( 97.2 ± 6.8 ) Gy.The overall response rate was 82.1％.Patients' survival period was 10.0 - 26.0 ( 14.6 ± 3.5 ) months with the median survival time of 13 months.ConclusionIn the treatment of postoperative lung metastases of MFH,implantation of 125I radioactive seeds produces a good short-term clinical efficacy.

Adult ; Extracorporeal Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular ; surgery ; Pregnancy Trimesters ; Thoracotomy ; methods

Objective To explore and analyze the application and problems of esophageal cancer radical opera-tion by thoracoscopy combined with laparoscopy. Methods From July, 2011 to December, 2014, clinical data of 40 patients undergoing esophageal cancer radical operation by thoracoscopy combined with laparoscopy were analyzed retrospectively. Results Except 2 cases being relayed to assisted small thoracic incision because of 1 case with clear tumor invading to trachea and 1 case with obvious tumor invasion to thoracic aortic artery, the remaining 38 cases were successfully completed operation. There were 2 cases with postoperative anastomotic fistula in the neck, 2 cases of anastomotic stenosis and 1 case of hoarseness, there was no perioperative death. Follow-up was within 36 months, 2 patients died 10 months and 24 months after surgery respectively, due to tumor local recurrence. 1 patient with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis underwent local radiation therapy. The remaining was all survival with re-lapse-free. Conclusions Esophageal cancer radical operation by thoracoscopy combined with laparoscopy is a good method with safety and reliability, minimal invasion, fast recovering, and satisfied recent curative effect. It is worthy of applying clinically.

Aim To explore the effect of receptor component protein(RCP)in the signal transduction of vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC)proliferation induced by static pressure.Methods The mouse-derived vascular smooth muscle cell line(A10VSMC)was employed in the experiment.Cells were exposed to static pressure,and MTT assay was used to detect the cell viability.Western blot was used to determine the expressions of PCNA,RCP and p-Akt,RCP mRNA was tested by RT-PCR,and co-immunoprecipitation was used to test the interaction between RCP and G proteins.Results The cell viability,expressions of PCNA and RCP increased with the elevation of static pressure and reached their peaks at 120 mmHg,and after 6 hours they got a plateau.The static pressure significantly increased the level of p-Akt,meanwhile,the binding of RCP and Gαs significantly decreased.However,the binding of RCP and Gβ increased in response to static pressure after stimuli of static pressure,but Gγ was obscure.Conclusion Static pressure can induce VSMC proliferation and expression of RCP,which may involve G protein signal transduction model.

Objective To investigate whether the protein kinase C inhibitor can promote the apopto- sis of multidrug resistance tumor cell lines which are induced by chemotherapy drugs.Methods Choose the KB/S(oral squamous cancer cell line)and KB/VCR(its multidrug resistant cell line)to compare the Adri- amycin-induced apoptosis with or without staurospolin(protein kinase C inhibitor).The apoptosis is stained with acridine orange,tested by flow cytometry,and approved by electron microscope.Results 36 hours after the treatment with 0.04 ?g/ml adriamycin,apoptotic cells of KB/S are 96.68%,and after 48 hours,the apop- totic cells of KB/VCR are 64.99%.When the concentration of adriamycin are augmented to 0.4?g/ml and 2.0?g/ml,the apoptotic cells of KB/VCR are 69.74% and 37.18% respectively.When treated with stau- rospolin together,the apoptotic cells of KB/VCR increased to 72.58%(?~2=4.5,P0.05)respectively.These results were testified by electron microscope and acridine orange-stain.Conclu- sion The resistance to apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms of multidrug resistance and the protein ki- nase C inhibitor may reverse this resistance by promoting the apoptosis of multidrug resistance tumor cells.

OBJECTIVETo study the overexpression of Sox9 gene on rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for repairing articular cartilage injury in vivo.

METHODSRabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transduced with lentivirus vector containing Sox9 gene and then cartilage specific molecule was detected by RT-PCR in vitro. Total 48 knee joints of 24 mature New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups according to different defect treatment. After animals anesthesia,a full-thickness cylindrical cartilage defect of 4 mm diameter and 3 mm deep was created in the patellar groove using a stainlesssteel punch. Meanwhile, the transfected cells were implanted to repair the rabbit model with full-thickness cartilage defects. Cartilage defects tissue was observed with light microscope, electron microscope, HE and immunohistochemistry staining to assess the repair of defects by the complex at 6 weeks or 12 weeks after the implantation.

RESULTSAt 3 days after the transfection, Sox9 gene expression was highest and Sox9 gene expression decreased with the increase of time. At 3 days after the transfection, the expression of collagen type II began and reached the peak at 14 days. It showed that the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells went into chondrogenic differentiation after transfected by Sox9 gene. Histological observation showed that at 6 weeks after the operation, the defects in the experimental group was filled with hyaline like cartilage tissue, 12 weeks after operation,the defects of cartilage and subchondral bone had satisfactory healing. Both at 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively, the defects were filled with fibrous tissues in control groups. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical staining of sections with type II collagen antibodies showed the proteins in the regenerated tissue stained positive for type II collagen and stronger than the control groups. The histological scoring system indicated that the cartilage repair of experiment groups were better than the two control groups with statistical significances.

CONCLUSIONOverexpression of Sox9 gene on rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promote the repair of cartilage defect.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cartilage, Articular ; injuries ; metabolism ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Osteoarthritis ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Rabbits ; SOX9 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tissue Engineering