Objective To investigate the incidence rate, high risk factors and hemodynamic changes of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants, and to give suggestions abo ut clinical monitoring and management of PDA in premature infants. Methods Echocardiography was performed on 86 non-ventilated or weaned from ventilator-pr emature infants at 2 to 5 days of age,whose gestational age was 28 to 36 weeks. All premature infants diagnosed as PDA were followed up clinically and by Echoc ardiography until discharged. Results Twenty-two infants diagnosed as PDA at mean 3 days of age, mean gestational age was (33.l?2.0) weeks. Ductus in 16 infants (out of 20 infants) closed spontaneo usly when repeated echocardiography at mean 8.5 days of age. For 4 remaining PDA infants, ductus closed in 2 cases (l treated with indomethacin). One ductus reo pened because of sepsis, and 3 infants discharged with opened ductus at their 2l , 40 and 47 days of age respectively. Single and multiple Logistic analysis indi cated that the lower the birth-weight ,the higher the incidence of PDA (?2=2. 8907 P=0.0891); neonatal asphyxia and suffered from severe diseases (neonat al respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis) were high risk factors of PDA (?2= 4.3729 P=0.0365;?2=11.6590 P=0.0006). Premature infants with PDA h ad good heart function,although their LA/AO ratio increased slightly (1.0810?0. 18 vs 1.00?0.07,P= 0.048).Conclusions PDA incidence at 3 days of life in 33 weeks premature infants is 25.6%, 85% PDA disappeares spontaneously during follow-up. Low birth-weight asphyxia, severe diseases and symptomatic PDA are high risk factors of PDA. Ductus can reopen in premature infants. J Appl Clin Pediatr,2005,20(2):129-131

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in classification of fetal arrhythmias, and conclude characters of each type of arrhythmias by analyzing wave forms of TDI. Methods Fifty-five fetuses suffered arrhythmia were included in study group. By comparing the results with control standard(M and PW), the sensitivity, specificity and reliability of TDI in diagnosis of fetal arrhythmias was calculated. At last, the character of waves by TDI of each type of arrhythmia was concluded. Fetal kinetocardiogram was made to identify the origin of arrhythmias. All cases were asked to perform electrocardiography and echocardiography examination after birth. Results The sensitivity, specificity and reliability of TDI was 98%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The character of atrioventricular waves and kinetocardiogram of 8 types fetal arrhythmias were conclude. Conclusions TDI has great value in classification of fetal arrhythmias.

Objective To investigate changes of serum levels of interleukin(IL)-4,-6,-8 and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),and probe their clinical significance in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP)/ HenochSchonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN).Methods Serum levels of IL-4,-6,-8 and TNF-? of 45 children with HSP/HSPN and 43 healthy children were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),changes and correlation between the aforementioned cytokines in children with HSP /HSPN were analyzed.Results 1.Serum levels of IL-4,-6,-8 and TNF-? of children with HSP were higher than those of control group(P0.05);The serum level of TNF-? was positively correlated to the serum levels of IL-6,-8 of patients with HSP(r=0.670 P

A bacterium which can effectively degrade LAS (Linear Sodium Alkylbenzenesulfonate) was isolated from washing powder manufacturing effluent and was preliminarily identified as Corynebacterium jeikeium GZ6. The bacterium can degrade LAS up to till 700 mg/L, and the optimum pH, temperature and concentration of LAS are 7.0, 30℃ and 400 mg/L, respectively. The biodegradation rate can reach 98.7% after 24 hours'cultivation in the suitable conditions. Experiments also showed that some heavy metal ions such as Hg2+ , Co2+ , Cd2+ can differently inhibit the degradation of LAS.

Background To report quality control methods and baseline reproducibility data of the ultrasound measurements of carotid artery intima-media thickness in the project of Establishment of an Integrated System for Coronary Heart Disease Prevention and Treatment.Methods Standard ultrasound scanning and measuring protocols were established by the study group.All sonographers and readers were trained by the carotid ultrasound core lab and all digital ultrasound images were centrally read.Ten subjects were scanned twice (with 1 week interval) by 2 sonographers independently and images were read by a single reader to evaluate the sonographer variability.Twenty subjects' images were read twice (with 1 week interval) by a single reader to assess the reader variability and the reproducibility of IMT measured at different carotid segments.Results The intraclass correlation (ICC) of intra-and inter-sonographer and intrareader for mean IMT measurements was 0.99,0.98 and 0.97 respectively; while for max IMT,it was 0.97,0.99 and 0.95 respectively.Among different carotid segments and sites,ICC for mean IMT measurements of common carotid (CCA),carotid artery bulb (Bulb),internal carotid artery (ICA),overall near wall and overall far wall was 0.97,0.99,0.89,0.93 and 0.98 respectively.Conclusion The reproducibility of IMT measurements according to our protocol is acceptable,although better reproducibility is found when measuring the mean IMT than max IMT,CCA and Bulb IMT than ICA IMT,and far wall IMT than near wall IMT.

ObjectiveTo analyze the surveillance results at the national surveillance spots of brucellosis from 2006 to 2010,to know the epidemic status of national brucellosis,and to provide scientific evidences for evaluating of surveillance quality and formulating of surveillance strategies and measures.Methods The brucellosis surveillance data collected from the Surveillance Reports of Major Infectious Diseases and Vector-Biological Monitoring Report in China from 2006 to 2010,and the National Diseases Surveillance Information Management System were classified and analyzed using two stage clustering statistical analysis.Results According to national routine surveillance,the incidence of brucellosis increased from 1.55 per 100 000 in 2006 to 2.62 per 100 000 in 2010.Reported brucellosis cases were mainly in Inner Mongolia,Shanxi,Heilongjiang and other regions,and reported time was from March to August,which accounting for 79.87％(114 265/143 064).The brucellosis cases were mainly youth,male,farmers and herdsman.In the national surveillance spots of the brucellosis,217 648 cases received epidemic survey,of which 61 905 cases received serological test,the positive rate was 19.66％(12 169/61 905),and 10 318 new cases were found; the highest positive rate of serological test was 41.19％(2757/6694) which was found in Zhalantun of Inner Mongolia; the detection rate of pathogen culture was 2.49％(29/1165); the positive rates of serological test in cattle and sheep were 1.07％(2355/219 352) and 0.93％ (2766/296 176),respectively.The surveillance spots were classified into four grades according to cluster analysis.Conclusions The epidemic continues to rise in human surveillance spots of brucellosis.Although national surveillance spots play an important role in the surveillance of brucellosis,the quality and quantity of surveillance work of national brucellosis surveillance spots should be improved,different management measures should be taken in different surveillance spots according to classified results of the cluster analysis.This study provides some basis to improve the utilization of health resources and the level of Brucella disease prevention and control work.

Child ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neuroblastoma ; Recurrence ; Treatment Outcome

Lipoproteins are biological lipids carriers. The natural and reconstituted lipoprotein based drug delivery systems have been extensively developed in recent years. This article reviews the development of natural and reconstituted low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein based vehicles in the antitumor area.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Apolipoproteins B ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Peptides ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Pharmaceutical Vehicles ; chemistry

Objective To explore the associations between coagulation factor Ⅶ (FⅦ)polymorphisms and its haplotype with risk of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD) in Henan Han population. Methods Five hundred and twelve cases with ICVD as patient group and 560 healthy subjects as control were recruited in the study. The polymorphisms of R353Q, 5'F7 and IVS7 were detected by PCR-RFLP. The genotype frequency and allele gene frequency were compared between ICVD group and control group. The haplotype was analyzed by SHEsis software. Results The RQ genotype frequencies and Q allele frequencies of ICVD group were significantly lower than those of control group. The distribution of H7 allele frequencies and H6H7 genotype frequencies of FⅦ/IVS7 polymorphisms had significant difference between ICVD group and control group. Finally, the prevalence of R-P0-H6 haplotype in ICVD group(53. 3% )was higher than that in control group (47.5%, OR = 1. 219, 95% CI 1. 028-1. 446,P =0.023). Conclusions In Henan Han population, the Q allele of F Ⅶ/R353Q polymorphisms and the H7 allele of F Ⅶ/IVS7 polymorphisms may be protective genetic factors against ischemic cerebrovascular disease, and the R-P0-H6 haplotype may be a risk factor of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

Objective To study the efficacy and toxicity of gensenoside-Rg3 (Rg3) combined with radiotherapy on non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) at advanced stages (Ⅲ and Ⅴ ).Methods Sixty-three patients with stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ NSCLC were divided randomly into two groups:treatment group ( n =35 ) treated with Rg3 combined with radiotherapy and control group ( n =28 ) treated with radiotherapy alone.The efficacy and side effects were compared after the treatment.Results The response rate ( CR + PR) of the treatment group was 57.14％,significantly higher than that of the control group (32.14％,x2 =3.91,P ＜ 0.05).The median survival time of the treatment group was 14.2 months,significantly longer than that of the control group ( 11.2 months,x2 =2.07,P ＜ 0.05 ).The one-year survival rate of the treatment group was 62.86％,significantly higher than that of the control group (39.29％,x2 =4.40,P ＜0.05).The incidence rates of side effects of the treatment group were all lower than those of the control group,but there were not significant difference. Conclusions Gensenoside-Rg3 combined with radiotherapy is effective for advanced stage NSCLC,with attenuation and synergistic effects.