Objective To study the short-term prognosis of laparoscopic splenectomy combined with lower esophagus transection in the treatment for hepatic cirrhosis induced portal hypertension.Methods The clinical data of 7 cases of portal hypertension treated by laparoscopic eplenectomy combined with lower esophagus transaction were retrospectively analysisd.Results Among of the patients,six cases were undertaken with total laparoscopic technique and only one case done with hand-assisted laparoscopic operation and one case turned to open surgery.Average operation time was 330 min and operation hemorrhage was 780 ml.None of cases died,bled or occurred pancreatical fistula.Mean time of bowel function recovery(70 h) and postoperative hospitalization(12.7 d).1 case complicated with hydrothorax recovered after conservative therapy.Conclusion Cincial short-term effects of patients treated with laparoscopic splenectomy combined with lower esophagus transection for hepatic cirrhosis induced portal hypertension is satisfied,so it is a safe and feasible way for future clinical practice if conducted by the skilled and competent surgeon.

This paper investigated contamination situation of Listeria monocytogenes(Lm). To compare dif- ferent selectivity enrichment broth for detectable effect of Lm and compare detectable effect in different samples by using different methods, furthermore, choose the best enrichment broth for specific food. One hundred and thirty five random samples from raw meat, aquatic product, fruit and vegetable, quick-frozen food in Baoding. Applied LB enrichment broth, EB enrichment broth, new modification FDA enrichment broth and Fraser enrichment broth before separated by PALCAM selective agar, then identified by interna- tional standard method after PCR. Results: Four methods showed that there were 23 Lm positive, detected 5 Lm by LB method, 6 Lm by Fraser method, 5 Lm by EB method and 7 Lm by new modification FDA method. The total detectable rate of four methods had no large specificity, but to specific kind of food was different.

Objective: To summarize the nursing experience of a case of pseudomonas aeruginosa septic shock with massive gangrene in infants, and to explore the nursing method of pseudomonas aeruginosa septic shock with massive gangrene in infants. Methods: Shock was treated by close observation, establishment of effective venous channels and effective dilatation; daily infusion of virus inactivated plasma supplemental immunoglobulin; planned detoxification and dressing change, as well as effective management of stool, urine and body position enable gangrene to be effectively controlled;At the same time, necessary nutrition and psychological support were given to the children. Results: After 15 days of careful nursing, the wound surface recovered well and the vital signs were stable. Pediculated skin grafting may be performed at a scheduled time. Conclusions The practice of this case proved that the above nursing measures were effective for pseudomonas aeruginosa septic shock with massive gangrene.

Biomacromolecule drugs have been increasingly used in clinical practice due to their distinct advantages, including precise targeting, small dose, high safety and activity. However, owing to their high molecular weight, strong hydrophilicity, and poor stability in the gastrointestinal tract, the oral bioavailability of the biomacromolecule drugs remains extremely poor. As a novel and innovative technology for active drug delivery, gastrointestinal microneedles hold immense potential in the oral delivery of biomacromolecule drugs because of their low-invasive nature and high permeation enhancement effects. This review primarily summarizes the actuating force, design strategies, fabrication techniques, and applications of gastrointestinal microneedles for the oral delivery of biomacromolecule drugs. Additionally, the challenges and further perspectives in the development this technology are presented, aiming to promote the subsequent research and clinical translation of gastrointestinal microneedles, and to provide a new efficient and safe strategy for oral delivery of biomacromolecule drugs.

Airway Remodeling ; physiology ; Animals ; Asthma ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; PPAR gamma ; biosynthesis ; Rats

As the preparation process from Salvia miltiorrhiz herbs to S. miltiorrhiz injection involves complicated technology and has relatively more factors impacting quality safety, the overall quality control is required for its effectiveness and safety. On the basis of the component structure theory, and according to the material basis of S. miltiorrhiz injection, we discussed the multi-dimensional structure and process dynamic quality control technology system of the preparation, in order to achieve the quality control over the material basis with safety and effectiveness of S. miltiorrhiz injection, and provide new ideas and methods for production quality standardization of S. miltiorrhis injection.
Drug Compounding ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Injections ; Quality Control ; Safety ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Objective To summarize the characteristics of treatment and outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI).Methods The clinical data of 81 cases of ELBWI admitted to Bayi Children's Hospital Affiliated to General Hospital of Beijing Military Command from October 1st.2008 to August 31st.2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The survival rate and mortality of ELBWI with different gestational age and birth weight were compared with Chi-square test.Results Of 81 ELBWI,43 were male and 38 were female; the mean gestational age at birth was (28.4 ±2.1) weeks; the average birth weight was (903.5 ± 95.4) g.Complications of them included respiratory distress syndrome (68/81,84.0％),patent ductus arteriosus (47/81,58.0％),retinopathy of prematurity (41/81,50.6％),intraventricular hemorrhage (23/81,28.4％),bronchopulmonary dysplasia (17/81,21.0％),sepsis (15/81,18.5％),periventricular leukomalacia (2/81,2.5％) and necrotizing enterocolitis (1/81,1.2％).Among 81 infants,96.3％ (n =78)received oxygen inhalation with the average time was 19.1 d (median 11 d,0-121 d) ; 70.4％ (n=57)received pulmonary surfactant; 27.2％ (n =22) received nasal continuous positive airway pressure;34.6％ (n =28) received normal frequency mechanicalfrequency ventilation.All 47 ELBWI with patent ductus arteriosus received ibuprofen treatment,among which 6 cases received arterial canal ligation after failure of ibuprofen treatment.20 out of 41 cases of retinopathy of prematurity received laser surgery.Total parenteral nutrition was required in 74 infants(91.4％),the average age of beginning enteral feeding was 5.2 d (median 6 d,0-17 d)and achieved full gastrointestinal feeding time was 31 d (median 28 d,7-65 d).The survival rate of ELBWI with gestational age of ≤26,-28 and ＞28 weeks was 25.0％ (4/16),72.0％ (18/25) and 77.5％ (31/40),respectively; the corresponding mortality was 12.5％ (2/16),8.0％ (2/25) and 2.5％ (1/40),respectively.The survival rate of ELBWI with birth weight ≤800,-900 and ＞900 g was 33.3％ (4/12),58.3％ (14/24) and 77.8％ (35/45),respectively; and corresponding mortality of them was 16.7％ (2/12),8.3％ (2/24) and 2.2％ (1/45),respectively.Conclusions The outcome of ELBWI is closely related to gestational age and birth weight.Professional and sophisticated treatment might improve the survival rate and general outcome of ELBWI.

Objective To investigate the incidence and high risk factors of brain injury in very low birth weight infants(VLBWI),to reduce the morbidity of brain injury,and improve the developmental outcome of VLBWI. Methods Data of 181 VLBWI admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)between October 2008 and September 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. The difference in basic information,maternity diseases,treatment and complication were analyzed between two groups(brain injury group and normal newborn group),and Logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the risk factors for brain injury. Results Seventy-eight of the 181 neonates(43.09%)were found to have brain injury,including 67 neonates(37.01% )with periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage(43 with intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH)gradeⅠ,12 with IVH grade Ⅱ,10 with IVH grade Ⅲ,and 2 with IVH grade Ⅳ)and 12 neonates(6.63%,one complicated with IVH grade Ⅲ)with periventricular leukomalacia. The younger the gestational age,the higher the brain injury rate was observed. Concerning the brain injury rate,there were no differences in gender,single birth/plural births,birth weight,the mode of delivery,fetal distress,premature rupture of membrane,hypertension during pregnancy,placenta abruption,and intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR)between these two groups(P ＞ 0.05). The difference in therapeutic measures such as pulmonary surfactant therapy,nasal continuous positive airway pressure(nCPAP),conventional mechanical ventilation,and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation was significant(P ＜ 0.05),except aminophylline therapy(P ＞ 0.05). As to the complication,there were significant differences in the incidences of asphyxia,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS),hypercapnia,metabolic acidosis,hyperglycemia,anemia,and personal digital assistant(PDA)(P < 0.05). However,there was no difference in the incidences of hypoglycemia,sepsis,thrombocytopenia,apnea,pulmonary hemorrhage,and hyperbilirubinemia between these two groups(P ＞ 0.05). Further Logistic regression analysis showed that NRDS,high-frequency oscillatory ventilation,and PDA were the main risk factors for brain injury in VLBWI. Conclusions VLBWI is the high-risk population of brain injury. Pulmonary surfactant therapy,nCPAP,conventional mechanical ventilation,high-frequency oscillatory ventilation,asphyxia,NRDS,hypercapnia,metabolic acidosis,hyperglycemia,anemia,and PDA were confirmed to be the high-risk factors for brain injury in VLBWI. And,NRDS,high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and PDA were main risk factors.

Aim To explore the role of Rho-kinase in remote ischemic postcondi-tioning and its possible mechanism.Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups(n=6): sham group(Sham), ischemia/reperfusion group(I/R), remote ischemic postconditioning group(RIPostC), I/R with Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil group(I/R+Fas) and RIPostC with Rho-kinase activator lysophosphatidic acid group(RIPostC+LPA).Throughout the whole process of experiment, mean arterial pressure(MAP), heart rate(HR) and Ⅱ lead electrocardiogram were continuously monitored.At the end of the reperfusion, plasma creatine kinase(CK) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were measured.Myocardial histopathologic changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining.Infarct size was measured using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining.The expressions of phospho-myosin light chain(p-MLC) were detected with Western blot analysis.Results Compared with Sham group, the MAP and HR of other groups decreased, while the amplitude of ST segment increased.Compared with I/R group, MAP and HR increased, the amplitude of ST segment decreased, plasma CK and LDH activity decreased, myocardial pathological morphology and infarct size were improved significantly, infiltration of inflammatory cells was reduced, and the expression of p-MLC decreased in RIPostC and I/R+Fas group.Compared with RIPostC group, RIPostC+LPA group attenuated the effects of RIPostC, and the recovery of the above indicators were inhibited.Conclusion Rho-kinase signaling pathway might mediate remote ischemia postconditioning against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the epidemiology and relevant risk factors of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in hospital old patients for non-respiratory tract. Methods Seventy-eight patients of IFI in non-respiratory tract were enrolled in this investigation. The incidence and risk factors of IFI were analyzed by prospective case-control study. Results In 78 old patients, 84 strains were isolated from different parts, and the most was Candida spp 82 strains (97.62%,82/84), followed by Candida albicans 55 strains (67.07%,55/82), Candida glabrata 13 strains ( 15.85%, 13/82), Candida krusei 6 strains (7.32%, 6/82), Candida tropicalis 4 strains (4.88% ,4/82), Candida parapsilosis 3 strains (3.66% ,3/82), Candida lusitaniae 1 strain ( 1.22%, 1/82). Aspergillus 2 strains (2.38%,2/84). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, pathogen detection time, underlaying disease,glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants were the risk factors for IFI in non-respiratory tract. Conclusions Candida albicans is the main pathogens of Candida infections in old patients. To efficiently control the risk factors should be emphasized in old patients, including early diagnosis and treatment underlying diseases, appropriate use drugs, right to shorten hospital stay.