Objective:To establish the cephalometric norms of soft tissue of adults in Xi'an area with normal occlusion.Methods:120 college students with normal occlusion(60 male and 60 female), aged from 18-22 years old in Xi'an city were selected.Lateral cephalometric film was taken by cephalometer for all the subjects at intercuspal occlusion.Then the films were traced on vitriolic paper, and the points were put into computer through digitizier. Statistic analysis were made and the data were compared with norms of adolescents already obtained.Results:Studied by Holdaway analysis,in the males FH-PgG' and Li-Pg' Ls of adults were bigger than those of adolescents, while Ss-Ls,Sn-H,Ls-Si and H-N'pg' were smaller(P0.05).Conclusion:The 3 sets of norms of soft tissue analysis obtained through this study may be applied as the norms of adults with normal occlusion.

Objective:To observe the histological character of distraction osteogenesis(DO) in the mandible of goat using an intraoral tooth-supported distraction device. Methods:8 goats (7-9 months of age) were divided into 4 groups with 2 goats per group. After a bilateral mandibular corticectomy between the second and third premolars, self-produced intraoral tooth-supported distraction devices were cemented. 5 days after operation,the distraction devices were begun to be activated 0.25 mm every 12 hours to advance the anterior segment 8 mm in 16 days. The animals of 32 days group were injected with tetracycline fluorescence labeing at 10 ml/kg once perweek from the beginning of DO.The animals were sacrificed on day 8,16,32 and 48 separately post activation, and tetracycline fluorescence labeling,HE staining and Mallory's 3-color staining were performed. Results:Tetracycline fluorescence labeling showed that there was green-yellow fluorescence labeling new bone within the distraction gap; HE and Mallory's trichrome staining showed that new bone gradually formed from bilateral sides, gradually blending and remodeling. The fiber bundles and newly formed trabeculas and various cells in early phrases showed to be orientation-directed along the axis of distraction force. Conclusion: New bone can be formed and regenerated along the axis of distraction force within the distraction gap.

This article reported the treatment of 3 cases of frequent recurrent intractable nephrotic syndrome by XIE Chang-sen. On basis of the therapeutic method of invigorating the spleen and kidney, other methods should be used according to individual difference and special clinic signs and symptoms, such as other invigorating qi and consolidation of superficies, nourishing blood and dispersing stagnated liver qi, warming kidney qi to invigorate yang, replenishing essence and dispersing turbid and so on. And partner treatment is the key for cure.

Objective To evaluate the effect of training for therapists based on Kirkpatrick's Four-level Model. Methods Totally 39 ther-apists who completed 2014 Beijing Clinical Shortage of Manpower Training Programs (Therapist) were investigated with Kirkpatrick's Four-level Model, named reaction, learning, behavior and results. Results For reaction level, the total satisfaction was high, but different with the degree of education, especially in the items of Participate in Training, Type of Cases, Organizing on Practice Training, Organizing Case Discussions and Get A Lot of Benefits from the Training (F>4.59, P<0.05). For learning level, the test scores were significantly differ-ent before and after the training (t>9.53, P<0.001). For behavior level, the self-reports of the therapists, and the reports from their depart-ment directors and colleagues all agreed that their ability improved after training (t>4.44, P<0.001). For results level, eleven therapists passed the rehabilitation therapist test, two therapists participated in some researches, and one published an article. Conclusion The thera-pists satisfied in the training, that may improve the ability of therapists to contribute to their organization.

Objective: To study the effects of TNF, IL-1 and IL-6 on bone resorption in cultured calvaria of newborn mice. Methods: Calvaria of newborn mice was cultured and exposed to TNF, IL-1 or IL-6 at various dosages for 48 hours (treated grooups), or without the above agents(control). Calcium concentration in culture medium was determined by atomic absorption spectrum apparatus. The calcium concentration of the treated groups versus that of the control was used as the absorption index. Results: The absorption indexes in the medium of treated groups were 1.92～3. 14 or 1. 85 ～ 3. 34 when the bone was exposed to TNF or IL-6 at 10 ～ 320 ng/ml, those were 1.36 ～ 2.32 when the bone was exposed to IL-1 at 2～64 ng/ ml. Conclusion: TNF, IL-1 and IL-6 may stimulate bone resorption of calvaria in newborn mice.

Objective: To observe the proliferation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts(PDLFs) under mechanical stretching. Methods: PDLFs were stretched by 6 cycles/min(5 seconds stretching and 5 seconds relaxing) with 12% stretching force through self-produced cultured cell loading system. At experimental time point 24,48 and 96 hours, the cells were counted and flow cytometry was employed to observe the proliferation of PDLFs. Results: 48 h and 96 h after stretch treatment the cells in experimental groups were significantly more than those in control groups respectively (P

Objective To explore the methods of training for therapists. Methods The students participated in 2014 Beijing Clinical Shortage of Manpower Training Programs (Therapist) by Beijing Quality Control and Improvement Center of Medical Rehabilitation accepted theoretical and operating training and tests. They were interviewed for the situation of training program. Results 39 students had completed the training with the average age of (28.41±6.05) years. The average scores of theory test was (76.23±5.70), and it was (87.18±8.00) of operation. The score of theory test was more than that before the training (P<0.01). From interview, a total of 59 recommendations were obtained, which focused on the quality of training of training provider and the support from sending institutes. Conclusion Beijing Clinical Shortage of Manpower Training Programs (Therapist) has improved the academic and operative level of therapists.

Objective To investigate the changes and significance of concentration of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of bacterial meningitis(BM) in rabbits. Methods A total of 36 rabbits were randomly divided into m eningitis group, meningitis cefotaxime-treated group and control group. BM indu ced by escherichia coli(Ec) via cerebellomedullary cistern inoculated. Normal sa line was injected in control group. CSF was sampled in different time. The conce ntration of CSF sICAM-1 was detected by ELISA.Results 1.There was a low concentration of sICAM-1 in CSF in 85 percent of normal rabbi ts.2.In meningitis group, there was a sharp rise in the concentration of CSF sIC AM-1 at 6 hours after Ec was inoculated, reached a peak level at 12 hours, and t here was higher concentration of CSF sICAM-1 between 6 and 24 hour than that at 0 hour.3.In meningitis cefotaxime-treated group, the concentration of CSF sICAM -1 at 6 hour and 12 hours was similar to meningitis group, the time that get pe ak level was at 24 hours that at 12 hours after making use of antimicrobial agen t.The peak level was higher than meningitis group. The concentration of CSF sICA M-1 decreased markedly at 48 hours that made use of antimicrobial agent 36 hour s later,but the concentration was still higher than the peak level of meningitis group.Afterwards, with the time of making use of antimicrobial agent lengthened ,the concentration of CSF sICAM-1 decreased gradually.4.Experimental results in dicated by correlating analysis to these data that there was positive correlatio n in the concentration of CSF sICAM-1 with the brain water content.Conclusions sICAM-1 participates in the pathological process of BM, and contributes to the damage of blood brain barrier and the formation of brain edema.There is importan t significance that drugs which can resist the discharge of sICAM-1 will be impl ied. J Appl Clin Pediatr,2005,20(2):163-165

Objective To investigate the effects of ischemic postconditioning (Post) on myocardial cell apoptosis and expres- sion of Bcl-2 and Bax protein during ischemia/reperfusion period in rabbits.Methods Eighteen rabbits were randomly allocated to three groups (6 in each group),sham operation (group S),ischemia/reperfusion group(group IR) and ischemic postconditioning group(group Post).Group IR and group Post were subjected to 15 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed for 30 minutes of reperfusion.Ischemic postconditioning was achieved by three 30 seconds cycles of reperfusion,each followed by 30 seconds ischemia.Cardiomyocyte apoptosis were determined by in situ TDT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and DNA electrophoresis.The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in apoptotic myocardial cells were detected by immunohistochemistry sepa- rately.Results Compared with group IR,apoptotic index was significantly reduced in group Post [(28.06?2.92) % vs.(55.70? 13.96)%,P

4-Hydroxybenzoate (4HBA) is an important chemical compound used for synthesis of liquid crystal. Production of 4HBA from renewable resources is an effective mean to solve problems such as environmental pollution and petroleum shortage. This review briefly introduces the chemical synthesis of 4HBA from oil compounds, and mainly describes the progress in 4HBA biosynthesis from renewable resources by plants and microorganisms. In most intriguing aspect of plant-based synthesis of 4HBA is the appeal of directly synthesizing a chemical from CO2. However, the glucosylation system in plant cells converting 4HBA to glucose conjugates, causing the post treatment a problem. The recombinant microorganisms produce pure 4HBA, but less efficient. A new strain of Microbulbifer has ability to naturally accumulate 4HBA from glucose. Elucidation of the metabolic pathways and regulation systems would improve 4HBA synthesis efficiency.
Alteromonadaceae ; metabolism ; Glucose ; chemistry ; Glycosylation ; Industrial Microbiology ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Parabens ; metabolism ; Plants ; metabolism