Objective To discuss the effect of deferoxamine in the treatment of chronic hydrocephalus (CH) after intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in rats. Methods A total of 184 female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal saline group ( NS group), intracerebroventricular blood infusion group (Group A ) and deferoxamine plus intracerebroventricular blood infusion group ( Group B). The rat CH models were made by infusing autologous whole blood ( 130 μl) into the right lateral cerebral ventricle. The escape latency time was detected by Morris water maze at days 14 and 28.The rats were sacrificed 1,3, 7, 14, 28 days later, the transverse diameter of the lateral ventricle on the coronal slice of rat brain 0.4 mm posterior to the bregma was measured for evaluation of hydrocephalus and the index of ventricle. Pathological changes of the brain were observed. Results No CH was found in the NS group. The incidence of CH in the Group A was 73% (11/15), which was significantly higher than 27% (4/15) in Group B at day 28. The escape latency time in the NS group was (8.21 ± 2.00) s,which was significantly shorter than ( 16.36 ±5.93 ) s of the Group A ( P ＜0.01 ). There was no significant difference in the escape latency time between the NS group and Group B [(11.38 ± 2.57 )s] (P ＞0.05 ). The index of ventricle in the NS group was 1.05 ± 0.41, which was smaller than 4.53 ± 1.70 in Group A and 2.77 ± 1.53 in Group B (P ＜ 0.05 ). There were no obvious pathological changes in the NS group at different time points. There found edema of white matter surrounding the ventricle, twist and engorged callosum, proliferation of rhagiocrine cell as well as hemosiderin deposit in Group A. However, no hemosiderin deposit was found in Group B. Conclusions The content of iron in the cerebrospinal fluid may be correlated with hydrocephalus after IVH. Preventive use of deferoxamine can reduce incidence of hydrocephalus after ICH.

Objective To establish the rat model of chronic hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH).Methods Totally 110 Sprague Dawley female rats were divided into 3 groups:IVH group(n=50),saline control group(n=50)and the normal group(n=10).The rats in IVH group were infused autologous whole blood(130 ?l)into the right lateral cerebral ventricle.All rats except the normal group were sacrificed on day 1,3,7,14,28 after operation,and the transverse diameter of the lateral ventricle was measured to evaluate hydrocephalus and the index of ventricle.The pathological changes of the brain were observed.Results Hydrocephalus occurred in 7 out of 10 rats in IVH group at 28 d.The index of ventricle in IVH group(4.51?1.94)was higher than that of saline control group(1.05?0.41)and the normal group(0.79?0.49)(P

Objective To investigate the signal transduction pathway mechanisms of rats with liver fibrosis regulated by leptin and interfering effects of mistletoe alkali .Methods The hepatic fibrosis in rats model was established by injecting carbon tetrachloride .Forty-five SD rats were randomly divided into normal group ,model group and therapeutic group.All rats except rats in normal group were intraperitoneally injected with 40%carbon tetrachloride in peanut oil with a dose of 2.0 mL/100g according to the body weight twice a week for 8 weeks.Then, the therapeutic group was given mistletoe alkali (8g/(kg· d)) for 8 weeks via gastrogavage.Rats in normal and model group were served with distilled water at the same time.At the end of the 16th week, blood and tissue specimens were taken from all the rats .The influence of mistletoe alkali on liver morphology in liver fibrosis rat model was reviewed by HE and Masson staining .The effects of mistletoe alkali on the expression of Leptin and its receptor ( OB-Rb ) in HSC in fibrosis rat model were determined by immunohistochemistry (IH).The expression of JAK2, STAT3 and the activity of phospho -JAK2, phospho-STAT3 were detected by Western blotting analysis .Results The degree of fibrosis of the model group was more severe than the normal group and the treatment group , which suggested that mistletoe alkali can reverse liver fibrosis in rats . Immunohistochemical staining showed that mistletoe alkali reduced the hepatic expression of leptin and OB -Rb in rats with liver fibrosis in comparison with their expression in the model group .Compared with the normal group , the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 increased in the model group .However, the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 decreased in the medication groups compared with the model group .Conclusion Mistletoe alkali can effectively ameliorate liver fibrosis in rats possibly through inhibiting hepatic leptin and its receptor expressions , which through inhibiting hepatic leptin and its receptor expressions , thus inhibit the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway .

ObjectiveTo optimize Chonglian oral solution extracting craft. MethodsWith the obtaining rate of extract and the total content of the Pariphyllin Ⅰ and Phillyrin presented in the extract as the indexes for the water extraction process,and with the total content of the Pariphyllin Ⅰ and Phillyrin presented in the extract as the indexes for the alcohol deposition process,orthogonal design was used to optimize the conditions for the extraction process respectively. ResultsThe optimal conditions for the water extraction of Chonglian oral solution was as following:to add water 10 times,decocting 3 times,1 hour each time.The optimal conditions for the alcohol deposition of Chonglian oral solution was as following:concentrated for the relative density to 1.10(80C hot test),cold,add ethanol to the solution for the ethanol content of the solution reached 80%,static settlement for 24 hours. ConclusionThe extracting method is reasonable,stable,and suitable to industrialized producting.

Objective To determine whether arsenic has estrogen-like effects,the cell proliferation was measured iil human eervical cancer line(HeLa)in vitro.Methods The HeLa cells were grown in improved RPMI 1640 supplemented respectively with β-estradiol(E2,1 nmol/L),Arsenic trioxide(As2O3,0.5,1.0,5.0 μmol/L),ICI (500 nmol/L),E2(1 nmol/L)+ICI(500 nmol/L),As2O3(1.0 μmol/L)+ICI(500 nmol/L)and control.The growth morphology of HeLa cell was observed under microscope after 72 h.The method of M1Tr was used to study the cell proliferation after 24.48 and 72 h.The technique of flow eytometry was used to measure cell cycle after 48 h. Results HeLa cells in E2 and 0.5 μmoL/L As2O3 treatment were more better growth in morphology than control group.Percentage of HeLa cells proliferation at 24,48,72 h in E2 and 0.5 μmol/L As2O3 treatment were 6.35%, 11.56%,38.33%and 6.35%,8.50%,20.26%respectively.The proliferation effect of HeLa cells was similar in two treatments.The proliferation of HeLa cells were inhibited in other treatments.Compared with control[(41.68± 1.05)%],HeLa cells were promoted go to S phases in E2[(55.72±2.31)%]and 0.5 μmol/L As2O3[(47.82± 1.41)%]treatment.But in other treatments HeLa cells were hold back to S phases.Compared with control,there was a significant differenee(P＜0.05)of cell percentage in S phases in 5.0 μmol/L As2O3[(21.11±4.99)%]and ICI[(20.16±4.76)%]treatments.Conclusion Small amounts of As2O3 impose estrogen.1ike effects and stimulate the proliferation of HeLa cells.

Objective To explore the possible mechanism of action of telomerase in hepatic precancerous lesions, and the regulatory effect of a Chinese medicine prescription HU Qi Shan ( HQS) and its principal drug mistletoe alkali on the telomerase activity in rat liver tissues.Methods Rat model of hepatic precancerous lesions was established by Solt-Farber two-step protocol.The model rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including the model group, high-dose HQS [8 g/(kg· d)] group, low-dose HQS [4 g/(kg· d)] group, and mistletoe alkali[8 mg/(kg· d)] group.γ-Glutamy-transpeptidase (γ-GT) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.AFP was detected by immunofluorescence technique.The telomerase activity was detected using a quantitative telomerase detection kit.The expression of NF-κB P65 was detected by immunohistochemistry.The cytoplasmic protein IκB-αwas detected by western blotting.Results After treated with HQS and mistletoe alkali, the areas ofγ-GT-positive foci and number of AFP-positive cells in the liver tissus were significantly decreased than those of the model group ( P<0.05 for both) , the telomerase activity was decreased, the number of NF-κB P65-positive cells was also decreased ( P <0.05 ) , whereas the intracytoplasmic expression of IκB-αproteins was significantly increased ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusions HQS and mistletoe alkali can suppress the telomerase activity.Its possible mechanism may be through inhibition of the over-expressed apoptosis-related genes such as NF-κB P65 and increase the expression of IκB-αdecreasing the telomerase activity.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a kind of molecules derived by oxygen in the metabolic process of aerobic cells, which mainly includes superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, alkoxyl, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, ozone, etc. They can destroy the structure and function of cells through the damage of biological macromolecules such as DNA, proteins and the lipid peroxidation. ROS also can regulate the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of cells through several signaling pathways and participate in fibrogenesis of many organs including hepatic and pulmonary fibrosis. Recent study shows that ROS might have an important effect on the forming of myelofibrosis. Consequently, ROS plays a significant role in the fibrogenesis of tissues and organs. In this review, the relevance between ROS and common tissues and organs fibrosis is summarized.
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Bone Marrow Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung ; pathology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Reactive Oxygen Species

Objective To explore the clinical value of virtual touch quantification (VTQ) technique in assessing the hepatic fibrosis. Methods A total of 115 inpatients with chronic liver disease receiving liver biopsy were enrolled in this study, all patients liver tissue was checked by VTQ technique, and the results were compared with those of the control group including 80 healthy subjects. Results VTQ value was significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.0000).The VTQ value among different degree of hepatic fibrosis but between S0 and S1 had statistical significances (P = 0.0212, P = 0.0000).ROC curve displayed that VTQ value of 1.4 m/s could be used to diagnose middle-high-grade liver fibrosis, the sensitivity and specificity were 85.4 % and 64.7%, respectively. Conclusions VTQ can be used as a noninvasive and effective means for assessing the degree of hepatic fibrosis.

Objective To explore the clinical value of virtual touch quantification technique(VTQ)and fibroscan technique for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.Methods A total of 1 02 patients with chronic liver disease and 78 normal individuals were enrolled in the study.They were all examined with VTQ and fibroscan technique.Pathological results were used as standard criterion.Results The liver tissue riqidity was associated with pathological results.The coefficient of relativity was 0.43309(VTQ)and 0.35840(Fibroscan).ROC curve displayed that VTQ value of 1.4 m/s and fibroscan value of 7.75 kPa can be used to differential diagnose the lowgrade liver fibrosis and high-grade liver fibrosis.The probability of success was 100 0A(102/102)and 100%(78/78)by VTQ,but 88%(90/102)and 100%(78/78)by fibroscan technique.Conclusions VTQ and fibroscan technique are useful in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.Compared with fibroscan technique,VTQ has more advantages in sensitivity practicability and convenience.

Objective To identify the polyreactivity of a monoclonal natural anti-keratin autoantibody 3B4 and to analyze its possible molecular me chanism.Methods enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)and immunohistoche mistry were applied to test the binding reactivity of 3B4 against different anti gens and tissues.The variable region genes and their amino acid composition wer e sequenced.Results 3B4 could reacted with a range of antigens and tissues,i n addition to keratin and skin.The variable region genes of its light chain and heavy chain showed high homology with germline genes VK1 am4 and VH1 J558.42.H CDR3 region,which mainly composed of short side chain amino acids(from 294 to 324 nucleotides around the heavy chain),was the only motif that differs from ot her highly homologous immunoglobulin genes.Conclusions The monoclonal natural anti-keratin autoantibody 3B4,with its variable region genes highly homologo us to germline genes,is highly polyreactive.The flexibility of HCDR3 may contr ibute to the polyreactivity.