Dermcidin (DCD) was found in isolated human skin sweat glands with antimicrobial effect, and was defined as a kind of new small molecule antimicrobial peptide. It was a part of human sweat glands in the skin as the immune system's innate defense. With the studies of DCD, its extensive biological functions are gradually discovered. Since 2010, a number of studies have shown that DCD may be a new risk factor for atherosclerosis. And the role of DCD in ischemic heart disease has drawn increasing attention in particular its relationship with insulin secretion and glycemic control, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and hypertension, platelet aggregation and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In those experiments, it was also confirmed that aspirin had antagonistic and reverse effects on various biological functions of DCD. Further research on the role of DCD in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases may lead to the prevention, early warning, prognosis evaluation and treatment breakthrough of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.

Epidemiological surveys show that folic acid can prevent prostate cancer, but fortified folic acid may increase the risk of the malignancy. The physician data queries from the National Cancer Institute of the USA describe folate as protective against prostate cancer, whereas its synthetic analog, folic acid, is considered to increase prostate cancer risk when taken at levels easily achievable by eating fortified food or taking over-the-counter supplements. We review the current literature to examine the effects of folate and folic acid on prostate cancer, help interpret previous epidemiologic data, and provide a clarification regarding the apparently opposing roles of folate for patients with prostate cancer. A literature search was conducted in Medline to identify studies investigating the effect of nutrition and specifically folate and folic acid on prostate carcinogenesis and progression. In addition, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database was analyzed for the trends in serum folate levels before and after mandatory fortification. Folate likely plays a dual role in prostate carcinogenesis. There remains some conflicting epidemiologic evidence regarding folate and prostate cancer risk. However, there is growing experimental evidence that higher circulating folate levels can contribute to prostate cancer progression. Further research is needed to clarify these complex relationships.
Dietary Supplements ; adverse effects ; Disease Progression ; Folic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; pharmacology ; Food, Fortified ; Humans ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys ; Nutritional Status ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; chemically induced

Objective To explore the clinical effect of combination of vascularized fibular head epiphysis and peroneal neurovascular reverse flap repair defects of bone and skin in lateral malleolus in children.Methods Eight children with defects of bone and skin in lateral malleolus were recruited from May,2009 to September,2014.The age of children was ranging from 4 to 12 years old.Four children were injured by wheel twist,2 children were injured by traffic accident,1 was injured by machinery,and 1 was crashed with heavy object.The size of soft-tissue defect was ranging from 3 cm × 5 cm to 7 cm × 9 cm.The flap and bone healing along with ankle joint function scoring were evaluated.Patients were reviewed every 4 to 6 weeks during one year after their surgery,and they were reviewed every 6 months one year later.Results Secondary repair were conducted in all children.The curative effect got well after follow up for 6 months to 2 years(mean,12 months).The flap and fibular head epiphysis were well developed.The ossification of fibular head epiphysis did not found.According to American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle function evaluation criteria,the results were excellent in 5 cases,good in 2 cases and poor in 1 at 10 months after operation.The shape and function of ankle joint were good,with one exception.The average motion degree of ankle joint was (68±5.12)°.Conclusion Combination of vascularized fibular head epiphysis and peroneal neurovascular reverse flap repair defects of bone and skin in lateral malleolus in children is effective.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of 4 183 Da peptide of dermcidin protein in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ischemic heart disease.Methods A prospective controlled study was conducted.Serum samples were drawn from 161 patients with acute coronary syndrome [ACS,including 46 patients with unstable angina (UA),23 with acute non-ST elevation myocardial infarction,and 92 with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction],111 subjects for routine physical examination,including 45 patients with hypertension history,42 with coronary heart disease,22 with diabetes,and 54 patients with non-ACS (including pulmonary embolism,aortic dissection aneurysm,arrhythmia,myocarditis,coronary myocardial bridge,pleurisy,pneumothorax,pneumomediastinum,rib fracture,reflux esophagitis,peptic ulcer,and pancreatitis) to serve as controls.4 183 Da peptide of dermcidin protein was assessed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) technology,and myeloperoxidase [MPO,determined by point-of-care testing (POCT) and enzyme linked i mmunosorbent assay (ELISA),respectively],high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),heart type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP),myoglobin (MYO),cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnⅠ),and MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) were quantitated with biochemical analysis.The power of the biomarkers above for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis for ischemic heart disease were judged by comparison of their sensitivity and specificity.Results ① It was showed by one-way ANOVA that 4 183 Da peptide was higher in ACS group than that in control group (relative abundance:22.05 ± 16.97 vs.15.52 ± 14.09,P =0.001),but no difference was found between ACS group and non-ACS group (relative abundance:22.05 ± 16.97 vs.19.99 ± 17.63,P =0.416).② The specificity and sensitivity of the 4 183 Da polypeptide and MPO for predicting ACS and UA were compared with the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).It was showed that the 4 183 Da polypeptide had predictive values for ACS and UA,and the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.625 and 0.651 (both P ＜ 0.01),but MPO was not found to have predictive value (AUC was 0.440 and 0.336,respectively,both P ＞ 0.05).③ It was showed by the values of multi-markers in differential diagnosis of ACS and non-ACS disease that the specificity and sensitivity of 4 183 Da peptide in the differential diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and non-ACS disease were less than those of MYO,cTnⅠ,H-FABP,markers of myocardial damage,which AUCs were 0.569 vs.0.796,0.833,0.838,and equal to MPO (POCT/ELISA) and hs-CRP,AUC of which was 0.569 vs.0.505 (POCT)/0.477 (ELISA) and 0.545.But both the value of 4 183 Da peptide and MYO,cTnⅠ,H-FABP in the differential diagnosis of UA and non-ACS disease was not found,where AUC was 0.456,0.525,0.658,0.568.Conclusion 4 183 Da polypeptide,a fragment of dermcidin protein,may have association with the onset of ischemic heart disease,and may be helpful in the early diagnosis of ACS.

G mutation of SLC26A4, the parents and the second child were carriers of the same mutation, while the fetus had a wild-type form. Conclusion It is feasible to identify deafness related genes by screening for GJB2 and SLC26A4 mutation, thus providing correct prenatal diagnosis and avoiding deaf delivery of baby.

Forearm ; innervation ; Ganglion Cysts ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal ; innervation ; surgery ; Tendons ; surgery ; Ulnar Nerve ; surgery

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Infant ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraffin Embedding ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

Objective: To observe the effects of ginaton and nitroglycerin injection on expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and cardioprotective mechanism in rabbits with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Methods : Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, 5 rabbits being in each group. The model was not replicated in the sham-operated group. Myocardial I/R models were replicated in animals in normal saline, ginatone and nitroglycerin injection groups and were administered with normal saline, ginatone and nitroglycerin injection respectively 0.5 hour before ischemia. Western blot was used to measure HSP70 of ischemia and non-ischemia myocardium and the expression of HSP70 was analyzed semiquantitatively . Serum nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and total superoxide dismutase (TCD*2SOD) , creatine kinase (CK) activity were measured. Results: HSP70 was less expressed in sham-operated group and more expressed in normal saline group, ginaton group and nitroglycerin injection group. Expression of HSP70 of ischemia and non-ischemia myocardium in normal saline group was 2.5CD*2 and 2.1CD*2fold, in ginaton group 17.6CD*2 and 20.7CD*2fold and in nitroglycerin group 28.1CD*2 and 29.1CD*2fold to that in the shamCD*2operated group, respectively. The activity of TCD*2SOD was lower while MDA and CK levels were higher in the normal saline group than those in the sham-operated group (all P

Objective To establish an enterovirus 71(EV71) infection model of tree shrew primary renal cells.Methods Tree shrew primary renal cells were obtained by trypsin digestion.After subculture and purification,EV71 virus was used to infect these primary cells.The culture supernatant of these EV71-infected cells was collected for virus titer detection at 1,2,4,6 and 8 days post-infection.The cells were collected for detection of EV71 VP1 protein by Western blot assay.Furthermore,the expression and location of VP1 protein in the infected cells were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay.Vero cells were taken as positive control to evaluate the infectivity of EV71 virus to tree shrew primary renal cells.Results Morphologically,the cultured cells were proved to be majorly consisted of the primary renal cells after subculture and purification.The obtained primary cells were infected by EV71 virus.The virus titer was up to 1.3×106 TCID 50/mL during 48-96 h post-infection,proving that EV71 virus infected and proliferated in the tree shrew primary renal cells.Western blot showed that the viral VP1 protein was detected from infected primary cells at 2 to 8 d post infection.VP1 protein was also observed in the cytoplasm at 2 to 6 d post infection by indirect immunofluorescence.Compared with Vero cells,the infectivity of EV71 virus to tree shrew primary renal cells and its proliferation were confirmed.Conclusions Based on the successful establishment of cell culture of tree shrew primary renal cells,the infectivity to the obtained cells and proliferation of EV71 virus in the cells are confirmed.The model of EV71 virus-infected tree shrew primary renal cells is initially established.

ood long-term efficacy for cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension was a useful treatment for these patients.