Animals ; Aquaporin 4 ; metabolism ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; physiopathology ; Brain Edema ; physiopathology ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Capillary Permeability ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; physiopathology

The structure analysis of porcine hemoglobin alphabeta dimer and the calculation of solvent accessible surface of the amino acids showed the epsilon-amino groups of the lysine are suitable for modification by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The modification of the lysine residues will not affect the carring oxygen capacity of Hb. Three types of linker have been designed to connect PEG and porcine hemoglobin. The lysines between porcine and bovine hemoglobin (pHb and bHb) are highly conserved, but the solvent accessible surface of conserved lysines are different. These suggested that the properties of homologous proteins are similar in pHb and bHb, but the characteristic derived from the homology analysis will be deviated from the actual status. The results of molecular dynamics simulation suggested that the chemical modified porcine hemoglobin would be no immunogenicity.

Virus inactivation of plasma can be achieved by methylene blue/photochemical method. To investigate the effect of this method on immunological properties and biochemical functions of plasma components, the virus-inactivation method was performed on single-donor plasma that was exposed to visible light (40,000 lux) at room temperature for 1 h in the presence of 1 micro mol/L methylene blue. The results showed that activities of the factor VIII, PT and APTT were decreased to a certain degree while most of other plasma proteins were not affected significantly. Human plasma components including albumin, glucose and minerals as well as plasma pH were also not affected. By using different electrophoreses and immunochemical techniques, no neoantigens were found in photodynamically treated plasma and electrophoretic mobility revealed identical patterns for untreated and treated plasma. In conclusion, methylene blue/photochemical method dose not considerably influence the properties of major of plasma components.
Blood Coagulation Factors ; metabolism ; Complement C3 ; metabolism ; Electrophoresis ; methods ; Factor VIII ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Light ; Methylene Blue ; pharmacology ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Plasma ; drug effects ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Thrombin Time ; Time Factors ; Virus Inactivation ; drug effects ; radiation effects

Aliquots of venous blood from healthy donor were collected in plastic blood storage bags with ACD, GMA or antioxidant solution (superoxide dismutase, SOD), respectively, and stored at 4 degrees C. After storage for varying periods, the parameters of the blood were detected in the blood samples. Results showed that the parameters of the blood stored at 4 degrees C for 75 days in SOD group were following: the recovery of RBC-Hb was 87.2%, plasma-Hb (mg/L) was 193.2, P50 (mmHg) was 34.0 (normal value was 33.1); deformability (DImax) was 0.2413 (74.3% of normal value). There was no evident hemolysis, color change, air bubble and clots. It was concluded that human RBC stored at 4 degrees C for 75 days with SOD solution, recovery of levels of RBC-Hb and plasma-Hb were accorded with the requirements of "Basic Demands of Blood Station" in China.
Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Cold Temperature ; Erythrocyte Deformability ; drug effects ; Erythrocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; Hemoglobins ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Superoxide Dismutase ; pharmacology ; Time Factors

The alterations of taurine transport and the expression of taurine transporter (TAUT) mRNA in myocardium and aortic wall were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. It was demonstrated that plasma taurine concentration and taurine release from myocardium and aortic wall in SHR were higher than those in WKY rats, whereas taurine content, taurine uptake and TAUT mRNA in myocardium and aortic wall of SHR were lower than those of WKY rats. In SHR, the maximal velocity (V(max)) of taurine transportation in myocardium and aortic wall was lower by 24% (P<0.05) and 35% (P<0.05) than that in WKY, their michaelis constants (Km) values were higher by 16% (P<0.05) and 39% (P<0.05), respectively. The results suggest that there is dysfunction of taurine transport in myocardium and aortic wall in SHR, which may be partly resulted from the decrease of TAUT activity and affinity, and down-regulation of TAUT gene expression.
Animals ; Blood Vessels ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Carrier Proteins ; metabolism ; Heart ; physiopathology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Taurine ; metabolism

To explore the changes in adrenomedullin (ADM) and receptor activity-modifying protein 2 (RAMP2) mRNA in myocardium and vessels in hypertension, a hypertensive rat model was prepared by administering L-NNA. Contents of ADM in plasma, myocardium and vessels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The levels of pro-ADM mRNA of myocardium and vessels were determined by competitive quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that L-NNA induced hypertension and cardiomegaly. The ratio of heart to body weight increased by 35.5% (P<0.01). In hypertensive rats the ir-ADM in plasma, myocardium and vessels was increased by 80%, 72% and 57% (P<0.01), respectively compared with the control. The amounts of ADM mRNA in myocardium and vessels were increased by 50% and 109.2% (P<0.05), respectively, and the amounts of RAMP2 mRNA was increased by 132% and 87% (P<0.01), respectively, compared with control. The levels of ADM in myocardium and vessels were positively correlated with RAMP2 mRNA, the correlation coefficients were 0.741 and 0.885 (P<0.01), respectively. The results obtained indicate that in hypertensive rats, ADM is elevated in plasma, myocardium and ves-myocardium and vessel, and ADM and RAMP2 mRNA are up-regulated in myocardium and vessel. The ADM/RAMP2 system may play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
Adrenomedullin ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cardiomegaly ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Hypertension ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Nitroarginine ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 2 ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Up-Regulation

Objective To investigate the effects of liver X receptor (LXR) agonist on adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) implantation into infarcted hearts of mice.Method AD-MSCFluc+ which stably expressed firefly luciferase (Fluc) were isolated from β-actin-Fluc transgenic mice and characterized by flowcytometry.Male FVB mice were randomly allocated into the following four groups (n=10each):(1) sham group; (2) MI + PBSgroup; (3) MI + AD-MSCFluc+ group; (4) MI + AD-MSCFluc + LXR agonist (T0901317) group.AD-MSCFluc+ or PBS were injected intramyocardially into periinfarcted region of mice heart after permanent left anterior descending ( LAD ) artery ligation.Bioluminensence imaging (BLI)was performed for quantification of injected cells retention and survival.Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography.Results The AD-MSCFluc+ were positive for CD44 and CD90 by flowcytometry.BLI evidenced the firefly luciferase expression of AD-MSCFluc+ which was positively correlated with cell numbers ( r2 =0.98 ).The results of BLI in vivo revealed that LXR agonist could improve the survival of AD-MSCFluc+ at day 7,14 and 21 after transplantation compared with AD-MSCFluc+ alone group.Cardiac function was further improved in combination therapy group compared with AD-MSCFluc+ alone group (P＜0.05).Conclusions LXR agonist T0901317 can improve the retention and survival of intramyocardial injected AD-MSCFluc+ post-MI,and the combination therapy of T0901317 and AD-MSCFluc+ has a synergetic effect on improving cardiae funetion in this model.

Objective To discuss the influence of solution-focused approach on self-management ability of patients with maintenance hemodialysis , so as to provide objective evidence for improving nursing quality . Methods One hundred and twenty patients with maintenance homodialysis ( MHD) were randomly divided into 2 groups: the observation group and the control group , each with 60 cases.Both groups received health education and conventional treatment during dialysis , and the control group received traditional nursing while the observation group adopted solution-focused approach .Patients ’ knowledge about hemodialysis and changes of their self-management ability were evaluated after 6 months in both groups .Results After nursing with solution-focused approach , compared to control group , scores of hemodialysis related knowledge of patients in observation group were significantly higher, including dry weight concept [(4.03 ±0.84) vs (3.51 ±0.81)], self-monitoring [(15.21 ±1.58) vs (14.26 ±1.45)], dietary [(18.16 ±1.98) vs (18.90 ±1.84)], prevention of complications [(19.81 ±1.53) vs (18.68 ±1.32)], emergency medical procedure [(14.13 ±1.71) vs (14.90 ±1.68)], and total score [(76.18 ±3.73) vs (74.0 ±3.16)](t =-3.42, -3.41, 2.10,-4.33, 2.44, -3.46; P<0.05).Scores of self-management of patients in observation group , including regular dialysis [(11.47 ±1.53) vs (10.88 ±1.64)], sensible diet [(13.73 ±1.93) vs (12.95 ±1.92)], compliance [(11.33 ±1.59) vs (10.50 ±1.63)], appropriate physical activity [(11.57 ±1.34) vs (10.80 ±1.57)], nursing of arteriovenous fistula [(18.88 ±1.74) vs (17.53 ±1.91)], and total score [(69.35 ±4.12) vs (64.83 ±4.39)] were also significantly higher than that in control group (t=-2.01, -2.23, -2.83, -2.87, -4.03, -5.80; P <0.05).Conclusions Application of solution-focused approach can improve the self-management ability and treatments compliance of maintenance homodialysis patients, as well as their nursing efficiency .

BACKGROUNDIn recent years the proportion of lung adenocarcinoma (adCA) which occurs in lung cancer patients has increased. Using laser capture microdissection (LCM) combined with liquid chip-mass spectrometry technology, we aimed to screen lung cancer biomarkers by studying the proteins in the tissues of adCA.

METHODSWe used LCM and magnetic bead based weak cation exchange (MB-WCX) to separate and purify the homogeneous adCA cells and normal cells from six cases of fresh adCA and matched normal lung tissues. The proteins were analyzed and identified by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-fight mass spectrometry (MALDI-OF-MS). We screened for the best pattern using a radial basic function neural network algorithm.

RESULTSAbout 2.895 × 10(6) and 1.584 × 10(6) cells were satisfactorily obtained by LCM from six cases of fresh lung adCA and matched normal lung tissues, respectively. The homogeneities of cell population were estimated to be over 95% as determined by microscopic visualization. Comparing the differentially expressed proteins between the lung adCA and the matched normal lung group, 221 and 239 protein peaks, respectively, were found in the mass-to-charge ration (M/Z) between 800 Da and 10 000 Da. According to t test, the expression of two protein peaks at 7521.5 M/Z and 5079.3 M/Z had the largest difference between tissues. They were more weakly expressed in the lung adCA compared to the matched normal group. The two protein peaks could accurately separate the lung adCA from the matched normal lung group by the sample distribution chart. A discriminatory pattern which can separate the lung adCA from the matched normal lung tissue consisting of three proteins at 3358.1 M/Z, 5079.3 M/Z and 7521.5 M/Z was established by a radial basic function neural network algorithm with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100%.

CONCLUSIONSDifferential proteins in lung adCA were screened using LCM combined with liquid chip-mass spectrometry technology, and a biomarker model was established. It is possible that this technology is going to become a powerful tool in screening and early diagnosis of lung adCA.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Male ; Microdissection ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods

Traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome (TSOFS) is a symptom complex caused by nerve entrapment in the supraorbital fissure after skull base trauma. If the compressed cranial nerve in the supraorbital fissure is not decompressed surgically, ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder may exist for a long time and seriously affect the patients′ quality of life. Since its overall incidence is not high, it is not familiarized with the majority of neurosurgeons and some TSOFS may be complicated with skull base vascular injury. If the supraorbital fissure surgery is performed without treatment of vascular injury, it may cause massive hemorrhage, and disability and even life-threatening in severe cases. At present, there is no consensus or guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS that can be referred to both domestically and internationally. To improve the understanding of TSOFS among clinical physicians and establish standardized diagnosis and treatment plans, the Skull Base Trauma Group of the Neurorepair Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Traumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome ( version 2024) based on evidence of evidence-based medicine and clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment. This consensus puts forward 12 recommendations on the diagnosis, classification, treatment, efficacy evaluation and follow-up of TSOFS, aiming to provide references for neurosurgeons from hospitals of all levels to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS.