Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neural Conduction ; physiology ; Paraplegia ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Sural Nerve ; physiopathology

BACKGROUND:More than 10 kinds of lipid metabolism-related genes have been found, and endocrine dysfunction mediated by these genes is an important pathological basis for the occurrence and development of insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of metformin on serum lipid profiles and the expression levels of various genes associated with insulin resistance, as well as the histopathological changes of the liver and pancreas in rats with type 2 diabetes melitus. METHODS:A type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model was established by feeding a high-fat diet to the rats for 4 weeks, combined with the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). In the meanwhile, metformin was administered orally (400 mg/kg?d) (model group) or nothing (control group). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR, histopathological and biochemical examinations were then performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Metformin improved the symptoms of insulin resistance by normalizing the serum lipid profiles in the diabetic rats. Furthermore, metformin upregulated the expression levels of insulin receptors and genes associated with lipid metabolism, including acyl-CoA oxidase, carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α. In addition, metformin downregulated the expression levels of fetuin-A and retinol binding protein-4, and improved the expression of perilipin that had been reduced in the type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Metformin was shown to induce positive signaling for insulin and the regeneration of pancreaticβcells in the pancreas. These results suggest that metformin ameliorates the insulin resistance induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus via regulating the expression levels of fetuin-A, retinol binding protein-4, perilipin and various genes associated with lipid metabolism.

Some problems were settled in making permanent slide for predacious nematode fungi by slide cultivation and cotton blue stain. Method of small-hole culture covered with slides could obtain high quality images, which solved the problem that trapping device couldn't be observed with high-power microscopes and oil-immersion microscopes. Scraping slide technique improved the method of making temporary slides.

Objective To investigate the expression of Oct-4 as a stem cell marker in gastric carcinoma tissues and its clinical significance. Methods From June 1996 to March 2006, 63 paraffin samples of gastric carcinoma tissues were obtained, and the expression of Oct-4 was examined by immunohistochemical staining. Another 58 normal tissues adjacent to gastric carcinoma and 10 normal gastric mucosa tissues were served as controls. The clinieopathologieal data of 63 patients with gastric carcinoma were retrospectively analysed, and their relationship with the expression of Oct-4 was analysed. Fifty of these 63 patients were followed up for 8 years, Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank teat were employed to explore the correlation between Oct-4 expression and survival, and Cox Regression analysis was performed to evaluate the possibility of Oct-4 expression as an independent prognostic factor for gastric carcinoma. Results The positive expression rate of Oct-4 in gastric carcinoma tissues was 80.95% (51/63), significantly higher than that of normal tissues adjacent to gastric carcinoma (5.2%, 3/58) and normal gastric mucosa tissues (0) (P < 0.01). The expression of Oct-4 was positively correlated to the clinical stage of gastric carcinoma(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the expression of Oct-4 among patients with different differentiation, age, and gender (P>0.05). Patients with higher expression of Oct-4 had significantly shorter survival time (P<0.05). The expression of Oct-4 was not significantly correlated with the prognosis of gastric carcinoma(RR, 0.554; 95% CI, 0.209-1.466). Conclusion The expression of Oct-4 is correlated with the clinical stage and survival time of patients with gastric carcinoma, however, it is not an independent prognostic factor for gastric carcinoma.

In the present study, the genomic sequence characteristics of HN-JY40 strains of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) isolated from pigs in Henan Province, China, were analyzed and the evolutionary relationship between HN-JY40 and other sequenced strains examined. The whole genome of HN-JY40 was sequenced and analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (3' RACE) and 5' RACE. Bioinformatic analyses were carried out with Megalign, Expasy, clustal x, and MEGA 4 software. The genome of HN-JY40 was 7 223 bp in size upon removal of polyA sequences. Sizes were 9 bp and 69 bp at 5' and 3' noncoding regions, respectively. The genome of HN-JY40 was predicted to contain three open reading frames (ORFs): ORF1 (5 124 bp) encoding 1 707 amino acids; ORF2 (2 025 bp) encoding 674 amino acids; ORF3 (345 bp) encoding 114 amino acids. Phylogenetic-tree analyses indicated that HN-JY40 is a typical type-IV virus that belongs to a new subgenotype of HEV genotype 4. We sequenced and analyzed the whole genome of HN-JY40. This strategy elicited the genomic characteristics of the HEV isolated from pigs in Henan Province as well as the evolutionary relationships between HN- JY40 and other HEV isolates from pigs. We revealed that the ORF1 of HN-JY40 (153-432 nt) and human HK 104-2004 had high similarity, which offers molecular evidence for uncovering the interspecies transmission of the HEV.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; China ; Cloning, Molecular ; Genome, Viral ; Hepatitis E ; veterinary ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Open Reading Frames ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Swine ; Swine Diseases ; virology

Berberine Alkaloids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Tachycardia ; drug therapy

Female ; Humans ; Mercury Poisoning ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To detect the effect of olfactory bulb(OB)lesion on proliferation,migration and differentiation of the neural stem cells(NSCs)in the subventricular zone(SVZ).Methods Forty-two healthy female SD rats were enrolled and randomly divided into normal control group,isotonic saline group and OB lesion at day 3,at weeks 1,2,3 and 4 groups,six rats per group.OB lesion was induced by N-methyl-D-aspartic acid(NMDA)injection.Bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)was injected intraperitoneally to label NSCs.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the proliferation of SVZ NSCs.In addition,another 18 rats were randomly divided into normal control group,isotonic saline group and lesion group,six rats per group.BrdU was injected intraperitoneally one week after OB lesion and then the animals were sacrificed four weeks after BrdU injection to detect the migration and differentiation of NSCs with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Results Three days after OB lesion,BrdU-positive cells in SVZ began to increase(26.33 ± 2.58,P ＜0.01),reached the maximum at week 1 (35.33 +3.01,P＜0.01)and still sustained a high level at week 4(19.50+ 2.26,P＞0.05).Five weeks after the OB lesion,the rostral migratory-stream(RMS)and the BrdU-positive cells in OB were significantly increased(86.50 + 5.09,P ＜ 0.01)and(52.83 + 3.87,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.By using fluorescence double staining,most of the BrdU-positive cells were co-localized with the neuronal nuclear antigen(Neun),with a portion of BrdU-positive cells expressing the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).Conclusions OB lesion can improve the proliferation of NSCs in SVZ and migration of NSCs to OB.The newborn cells can differentiate into not only neurons,but also gliocytes and may be involved in lesion repair.

Objective To observe the effect of Rosuvastatin on the function of vascular endothelial and inflammatory response in patients with acute myocardial infarction ( AMI) after intervention. Methods Seventy-eight patients with AMI patients underwent coronary angiography and PCI treatment The patients were divided into the control group (38 patients) and the Rosuvastatin group (40 patients) after PCI treatment All patients were routinely used nitrates, low molecular weight heparin,aspirin,clopidogrel,the Rosuvastatin group were treated on the basis of conventional medication plus service Rosuvastatin 10 mg/time, once a day. Both groups were continuous medicated for 6 months. Cardiovascular events of all patients, the serum lipids, inflammation-related biomarkers and indicators of vascular endothelial function were followed up for 6 months after discharge. Results The cardiovascular events in the Rosuvastatin group (5. 0% ) was significantly lower than that of the control group (18.4%) after discharge within 6 months (χ2 = 4. 52, P < 0. 05). After 6 months of discharge, the serum lipids, the serum IL-6, hs-CRP,plasma ET-1 and ox-LDL of Rosuvastatin group ((2. 16 ±0. 54)mmol/L,(4. 16 ±0. 28)mmol/L,(6. 80 ± 2. 65) ng/L, (4. 02 ± 1. 58) mg/L, ( 62. 45 ± 9. 38) ng/L and 381. 65 ± 39. 73, respectively) was significantly lower than those of the control group ((2.47 ±0. 59) mmol/L, (5. 29 ±0. 31 )mmol/L, (9. 39 ±4. 17) ng/L, (5. 76 ± 1. 52)ng/L, (81. 75 ± 10. 23) ng/L and 485. 91 ±42. 68,respectively) (t =2. 423,16. 910,3. 291,4. 952,8. 691 and 11. 173 , respectively , P <0. 01 ). The serum NO of Rosuvastatin group ( ( 62. 17 ± 17. 69 ) μmol/L) was significantly higher than than that of the control group ( (48. 27 ±18. 35 ) μmol/L) (t = 3.406, P < 0.01 ) . The serious adverse events were not observed in the Rosuvastatin group. Conclusions Rosuvastatin reduces inflammatory reaction after PCI in patients with AMI, improves endothelial function, and reduces adverse reactions.