ObjectiveTo explore the influence of locus of control,self-efficacy and self-esteem on shame.MethodsTotal 924 students from six primary and middle schools in Chengdu were recruited by stratified sampling.They were assessed with locus of control,self-efficacy,self-esteem,and shame questionnaire.Results ( 1 ) Shame was significantly negatively related with self-efficacy (r =- 0.248 ) and self-esteem (r =- 0.318 ),and was significantly positively related with locus of control (r =0.185 ).Locus of control was negatively associated with self-efficacy(r =- 0.214) and self-esteem (r =- 0.254).Self-efficacy was positively related with self-esteem (r =0.440) ; (2) Self-esteem played partial mediating role between shame and locus of control as well as self-efficacy; ( 3 ) Self-efficacy played partial mediating role between locus of control and self-esteem as well as shame ; (4) High self-esteem group and low self-esteem group existed significant differences in whole structure equation model.Based on the whole model,the high self-esteem group reduced the path from locus of control to self-esteem ; and low self-esteem group reduced the path from locus of control to self-efficacy.ConclusionLocus of control and self-efficacy are not only directly but also indirectly associated with shame by self-esteem,and self-efficacy would be regulated by the level of self-esteem.

Objective To investigate the distribution and duration of abnormal blood glucose level in SGA infants. Methods Blood glucose level was systemicly monitored in 37 SGA infants for (133?115) h(range 16～524 h, median 93 h), who were non NICU hospitalized and no feeding or IV infusion when admitted at (2 6?2 4) h (range 0.25~10.0 h, median 2.0 h) of age. Results During monitoring period, there was hypoglycemia in 19 cases (51%),hyperglycemia in 2 cases (5%), and both hypo and hyperglycemia in 3 cases (8%). The median of last time abnormal glucose level appeared was 10 hr after birth, its 95% confidence interval was 5~55hr after birth. Multiple regression analysis shown delivery models bad relationship with glucose level at admition (p= 0.013). The blood glucose level was higher in vaginal delivery babies. The lower the birth weight (BW)was, the longer the duration of abnormal glucose level lasted ( O

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Maple Syrup Urine Disease ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy

Objective To understand the level of urinary iodine of schoolchildren and salt iodine content of their families in a primary school and to analysis influence between salt iodine content and urinary iodine level in Haimen City,Jiangsu Province.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary school of Haimen City in 2012.With the method of stratified cluster sampling,all students aged 9 ～ 12 were extracted in grades 3-5,urine samples and salt samples of their family were collected.Urinary iodine and salt iodine were determined according to Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As3+-Ce4+ Catalytic Spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006) and Direct Titration of Universal Test method in Salt Industry (GB/T 13025.7-1999).Results Totally,452 students from grades 3-5,including 233 boys and 219 girls were selected by cluster-stratified sampling.The median of children's urinary iodine was 231.90 μg/L,while the median of boys and girls was 235.40 and 222.60 μg/L,respectively.The median of urinary iodine of 9,10,11 and 12 year old students was 253.65,195.70,236.40 and 241.70 μg/L,respectively.The proportion of less than 100 μg/L and ≥300 μg/L was 7.7％ (35/452) and 27.7％ (125/452),respectively.There were no significant differences between different gender and age students.Among the 452 salt samples collected the median of salt iodine was 27.50 mg/kg.The coverage rate of iodized salt,the qualified rate of iodized salt and the intake rate of qualified iodized salt were 98.9％ (447/452),95.1％ (425/447) and 94.0％ (425/452),respectively.After consumptionn of non-iodized salt (＜ 5 mg/kg),unqualified iodized salt(5 ～ ＜ 20 mg/kg or ＞ 50 mg/kg) or qualified iodized salt [(35 ± 15)mg/kg],the median of urinary iodine of children was 177.30,211.95 and 232.90 μg/L,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that there was no relationship between iodine content of salt and urinary iodine level of schoolchildren (r =0.085,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Current nutritional level of schoolchildren in Haimen City is higher than the appropriate amount.Household salt iodine content of edible salt does not affect urinary iodine level of the children significantly.

Objective To study the expression of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) and serum interleukin-6(IL-6) in wheezing children under 5 years of age.Methods A total of 224 wheezing children under 5 years of age were divided into API(asthma predictive index)-positive (n=116) and API-negative groups (n=108).Serum level of IL-6 and TLR4 expression on CD14+ monocytes were measured after wheezing was stable for one month.TLR4 expression on CD14+ monoeytes was quantified via flow-cytometry.Serum level of IL-6 was detected by ELISA.Results Serum level of IL-6 and TLR4 expression on CD14+ monocytes of API-positive group were higher than API-negative group [LR4(％):34.9±10.0 vs.30.2± 8.8;IL-6(ng/L):46.4±15.1 vs.40.5±13.6].There was a significant positive correlation between the expression of TLR4 and the content of serum IL-6 in two groups of wheezing children(P＜0.05).Conclusion TLR4 may play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma through promoting the expression of IL-6.TLR4 may be a index to predicting asthma in wheezing children.

Objective To explore the sensitivity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and ultrasonic elastography(UE) in detecting different sizes of thyroid papillary carcinoma.Methods 64 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma were divided into two groups according to the diameter size(group 1,≤1 cm;group 2,＞ 1 cm) and examined by the contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography,then the features were analyzed and the sensitivity for detecting of the two methods in different groups were compared.Results The sensitivity for detecting in CEUS was higher than in UE,which had significant difference between two methods.CEUS and UE were valuable for detecting and they had no difference in sensitivity for detecting in group 1.There was a significant difference in sensitivity for detecting between two methods in group 2.Conclusions Both CEUS and UE were valuable in diagnosis of thyroid papillary carcinoma and the sensitivity for detecting in CEUS is higher than in UE in group 2.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Holmium laser in the treat ment of calyceal stricture and atresia through antegrade percutaneous nephrostomy. Methods Ante grade percutaneous nephrostomy was performed in 68 patients with calyceal stricture and atresiathrough a rigid 8/9.8 F ureteroscope. The stricture and atresia was incised in a linear fashion by theHolmium laser with a 550 mm fiber. After completion of the incision,a double J ureteral stent wasplaced for 6-8 weeks and nephrostomy tube was kept for 7 days thereafter. Patients were then fol lowed up with IVU and/or ultrasound at 3-6 month intervals. Results The mean operative timewas 90 min,ranged from 80 to 120 min. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 8 d(7-9d). Hy dronephrosis was significantly improved in 38 cases in an average follow up of 9 months (4-26 months). Repeated laser incision was performed to 4 treatment failures and all turned out to be suc cessful. Conclusions The Holmium laser treatment through antegrade percutaneous nephrostomyfor calyceal stricture and atresia has characteristics of minimal invasion,short hospital stay,good effi cacy in short term and repeated cases. This procedure to be used as the first choice for patients withgood renal function and mild hydronephrosis,especially accompanied with renal calculus.

Objective To explore the relationship between clinical and histological features in children with immunoglobulin A(IgA) nephropathy(IgAN).Method Twenty-one children with IgAN were classified by clinical features,histological and immunological changes.The relationships among them were analyzed.Results IgAN occurred in boys more than girls with the ratio of 2.5∶1.Clinical feature manifested by asymptomatic hematuria(66.7%),hematuria with proteinuria(19.1%),nephrotic syndrome(4.7%),nephritic syndrome(9.5%).The grade Ⅲ(Hass M.classification) in pathological changes was commonly seen with more combined immunoglobulin deposit.Conclusions The incidence of IgAN increased followed by more renal biopsies in asymptomatic hematuria and proteinuria.Clinical features varied and involved all the kinds of glomerulonephritis.There are some relations between clinical and pathological features.Asymptomatic hematuria presented with mild histological changes achieved better outcome.The more proteinuria is always with more severity of histological changes,which should be diagnosed and treated early.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and resistance mechanisms of Proteus mirabilis in the ward of neurology de‐partment of our hospital .Methods For a total of 20 clinic isolates of Proteus mirabilis ,PCR were used for the detection of AmpC , ESBLs ,KPC and MBLs and then DNA sequencing was performed .The integrons were also detected by using PCR and then sequen‐cing was carried out .The genetic relationship between isolates were detected and analysed by pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis(PF‐GE) .The results of drug sensitivity tests were analysed .Results TEM‐1 and CTX‐M‐14 gene were found in all the 20 isolates ,the 10 isolates of Proteus mirabilis were also found carrying CMY‐2 gene .Class Ⅰ integrons were amplified from 19 strains carrying gene cassettes aacA4+cmlA1,dfrA12+orfF+aadA2and dfrA32+ereA+aadA2 respectively .PFGE analysis revealed that the 20 isolates were grouped into 11 PFGE types P1-P11 ,the 12 isolates of P1-P3 were same clones .The sensitive rates of the i‐solates to Meropenem ,Amikacin ,Aztreonam ,Ceftazidime and Tazocin were high .Conclusion Nosocomial transmission of the same clone of Proteus mirabilis was appeared in the ward of neurology department of our hospital .The predominance drug‐resistance genes were CTX‐M‐14 andCMY‐2 .The incidence of carrying class Ⅰ integrons was high ,and the major gene cassettes wereaacA4+cmlA1and dfrA12+orfF+aadA2.The 20 isolates were all sensitive to Meropenem ,Amikacin and Aztreonam .Other Clinical departments should also pay attention to the nosocomial infection caused by Proteus mirabilis and strengthen the infection control measures .

Objective To investigate neuroprotective effect of AM-36 on secondary brain injury following traumatic brain injury(TBI)in rats.Methods A total of 38 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into an experimental group,a control group and a sham operation group,then sustained to moder- ate TBI.AM-36(0.1 ml/100 g)was administered intraperitoneally in the experimental group and isoton- ic saline solution was administered intraperitoneally in the control and the sham operation groups at 30 mi- nutes,24 and 48 hours after TBI,respectively.The brain water content was determined at 24 hours after TBI.Rats were sacrificed by decapitation at 24 hours or one week after TBI for observing histological changes in peripheral cortex,thalamus and hippocampus by means of Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Fluoro-Jade(F-J)staining.Results The brain water content of bilateral hemispheres 24 hours after TBI in the experimental group was significantly decreased,compared to that of the control group.Histo- logical examination revealed less degenerating neurons(F-J positive neurons)in the cortex,thalamus, CAI and CA3 of the hippocampus in AM-36 treated rats 24 hours and one week after injury(P＜0.05). Conclusion Systemic administration of AM-36 at the early stage after TBI can decrease brain water content and exert neuroprotective effect on TBI.F-J staining can be used for histopathologic quantitation of neuronal damage,for it can accurately exhibit pathologic changes following TBI induced by fluid per- cussion.