Objective To explore the characteristics and trends of adaptive behavior among patients with breast cancer during the treatment periods. Methods Phenomenological research method was used. 15 women accepted modified radical mastectomy in the Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University were interviewed during the whole treatment periods. Results 6 adaptive behavior models were found: over-cautiousness, compliance, escape-avoidance, specific social circles, social re-adaptation and dietary behavior change. These six behavior models dynamicly varied during the treatment trajectory. Conclusions Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer are strong negative life events, the unalterable trauma of body and the periodic shocks by chemotherapy force patients' self-positioning shifting between "wellness"and "illness"and this shift is the main reason that caused changes of behaviors.

Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metaphor ; Terminology as Topic ; Translations

Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Metabolic Syndrome ; complications ; physiopathology

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polycythemia ; etiology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications

Cyclosporine ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome

To confirm the existence of heme oxygenase (HO)- carbon monoxide (CO)- cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway in the cultured human trabecular meshwork cells (HT-MCs) in vitro, and to evaluate the inductive role of hemin on this pathway, HTMCs of the third to fourth generation were cultured in vitro. Reverse transcripase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed for detection of HO-1 and HO-2 mRNA. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect HO-1 and HO-2 proteins. Hemin was added into the culture solution. The HO-1 mRNA levels were quantified by RT-PCR. The relative amount of carbon monoxide released into the media was measured with the quantifying carbon monoxide hemoglobin (HbCO) by spectrophotometry. Radioimmunoassay was used to determine changes of cGMP in HTMCs. The results showed that cultured cells had the specific characteristics of HTMCs. Both HO-1 and HO-2 genes were expressed in HTMCs, as well as HO-1 and HO-2 proteins in HTMCs. Hemin induced HO-1 mRNA, HbCO and cGMP in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, HO-CO-cGMP pathway exists in the cultured HTMCs and can be induced by hemin. Pharmacological stimulation of HO-CO-cGMP pathway may constitute a novel therapeutic approach to rescuing glaucoma.
Carbon Monoxide/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic GMP/*biosynthesis ; Cyclic GMP/genetics ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/*biosynthesis ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Trabecular Meshwork/cytology ; Trabecular Meshwork/*metabolism

Adult ; Aged ; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation ; methods ; Dental Implantation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Middle Aged

p21-Activated kinases including p21-activated kinase 2 contributed to the regulation of actin cytoskeleton and cell dynamics. In order to investigate the function of PAK2 on the maturation of Xenopus oocyte, PAK2-NT(PAK2-N-terminal,PAK2-NT) and PAK2-NTm (PAK2-N-terminal mutation) mRNA were microinjected into Xenopus oocyte respectively. Under fluorescent microscopy germinal vesicle breakdown was observed during cytokinesis. To further observe the relationship of oocyte cytokinesis, polar body formation and Cdc42 activity, confocal microscopy with time-lapse was employed . As a result, occurrences of germinal vesicle breakdown in oocytes were similar to those oocytes injected with PAK2-NT mRNA or injected with PAK2-NTm mRNA,but no cytokinesis and polar body formation were observed in oocytes injected with PAK2-NT mRNA or PAK2-NTm mRNA. These results indicated that PAK2 involved in Xenopus oocytes cytokinesis and polar body formation independent of Cdc42 activity.

Objective To evaluate the effect and feasibility of balloon dilatation for treatment of anastomotic stricture after biliary-intestinal anastomosis with percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage( PTCD) .Methods A total of 23 pa-tients with anastomotic stricture after biliary-intestinal anastomosis who had undergone PTCD+balloon dilatation were ana-lyzed retrospectively between Mar 2009 to Dec 2011.The patency of bile duct, jaundice index and liver function were recor-ded.Results PTCD+balloon dilatation was completed successfully in all cases, and a metallic stent was implanted in one case.Anastomotic stricture, postoperative jaundice index and liver function were improved significantly after operation.No serious complications occurred.Conclusion PTCD+balloon dilatation has good curative effect on anastomotic stricture. The complication rate is low.It is a safe, feasible and effective minimally invasive treatment.

Objective Using apomorphine, a potent dopamine receptor agonist and rotating T-maze, the effect of apomorphine on the visual discrimination learning and reversal learning in rats was investigated. Methods All rats were trained in a visual discrimination task (food reward and light stimulus) in rotating T-maze. After reaching the acquisition criterion, rats were trained in a reversal task (food reward and without light stimulus) in the same maze. During the period of visual discrimination task, apomorphine was administrated either 30 minutes prior to learning or after learning immediately. Results The results showed that apomorphine, which was given either 30 minutes prior to visual discrimination learning or after learning, could impair the acquisition of discrimination learning( 259.20±26.29 and 264.00±16.97, compared to 168.00±16.97 and 163.20±20.08) and apomorphine, which was given only after visual discrimination learning, could impair the acquisition of reversal learning (451.20±39.44 compared to 360.00±29.39). Conclusion The results showed that apomorphine, which was given either 30 minutes prior to visual discrimination learning or after learning, could impair the acquisition of discrimination learning and apomorphine, which was given only after visual discrimination learning, could impair the acquisition of reversal learning.