With the deepening of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the method of quantification and standardization of TCM (i.e., quantitative characterization of TCM) has been more and more widely accepted by researchers. Chemometrics processes complicated data of TCM through applied mathematics, statistics and com-puter technology. And multivariable study was introduced into the quantitative characterization of TCM with great achievements. This article reviewed existed problems of quantitative characterization in TCM, the principles, char-acteristics, limitations, commonly used statistical methods and application conditions on quantitative characteriza-tion of TCM. With this review, a reference for further study of quantitative characterization of TCM was provided and a further research idea of combination with main methods of chemometrics was given.

Objective To explore the anxiety and depression in caregivers of patients in persist vegetative state and minimally conscious state, and discuss the related factors. Methods From January, 2010 to December, 2014, 60 caregivers of 60 patients in persist vegetative state and minimally conscious state were assessed with Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). The sex, ed-ucation level, relation to the patients and family income of the caregivers, and the age of the patients and number of the families of the pa-tients were recorded, and analyzed with Logistic regression. Results 55％caregivers were found in anxiety, and 48.4％in depression. The fe-male caregivers (OR>6.870, P<0.05), the number of the family of the patients (OR<0.233, P<0.05) and age of the patients (OR<0.294, P<0.05) were independent factors associated with anxiety and depression. Conclusion The caregivers of patients in persist vegetative state and minimally conscious state are troubled in anxiety and depression, especially the female, while age and the number of the families of patient may be important factors for it.

Objective To study the correlation between intelligence and gross motor function for children with cerebral palsy. Methods 90 children with cerebral palsy (CP) were assessed with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence (WPPSI), Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC-R) and analyzed statistically. Results The intelligence quotient (IQ) and verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) of the children with athetotic cerebral palsy were normal, but lower than the average level of normal children(P<0.05). The IQ, VIQ and performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) of the children with spastic cerebral palsy were below the normal (P<0.05), the difference between VIQ and PIQ was significant (P<0.05). For children with spastic cerebral palsy, there was linear correlation between intelligence and the class of GMFCS, and for children with athetotic cerebral palsy there was no linear correlation. Conclusion There were differences of intelligence level and intelligence structure in different types of cerebral palsy, the correlation between intelligence and the class of GMFCS were also different in different types of cerebral palsy.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Coal Mining ; Cross Infection ; complications ; microbiology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Methicillin ; pharmacology ; Methicillin Resistance ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Silicosis ; classification ; complications ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To explore the oral health status of population in Gansu Province and get scientific information for oral diseases prevention. Methods: An equal-sized stratified multi-stage random sampling design was applied in the investigation. According to standard and method used in the third national oral health epidemiological investigation, the oral health investigation was made in 3 158 people aged 5 years, 12 years, 35-44 years and 65-74 years with a gender ratio of half to half in Gansu. Results: The caries prevalence rate was 55.80%, 19.09%, 61.95% and 78.63% and the caries-filling rate was 3.11%, 10.76%,10.34% and 4.60% in the four groups respectively. Detection rates of gingival bleeding and dental calculus were 82.81%, 93.55%, 85.34% and 69.66%, 99.37%, 92.54% in 12, 35-44 and 65-74 groups respectively. Detection rates of periodontal pocket and diseases of oral mucosa were 60.94%, 62.20% and 6.32%, 7.71% in 35-44 and 65-74 groups respectively. The most denture-prosthesis was removable partial dentures and irregular fixed bridge. Conclusion: The prevalence of caries is serious but better than the average results of the nation in 2005 and the results of Gansu in 1995. The prevalence of periodontal disease is more serious than the results of the nation in 2005. It is essential to strengthen oral health education and oral health service, especially in rural area in Gansu, so as to ensure the oral diseases be treated in time and effectively.

Objective To find out the mechanism of strephenopodia and strephexopodia of children with spastic cerebral palsy by analyzing their gait character.MethodsForty children with spastic cerebral palsy and forty healthy children with normal walking ability were involved in this research.Footscan 7 gait analysis system was used to measure foot initial touchdown part,the ratio of different part touchdown phase to single supporting phase,the degree of strephenopodia and strephexopodia in different part.Two groups' characteristic parameters were analyzed by statistics method.ResultsSignificant differences were found in foot first touchdown part between two groups(P<0.05).The phenomenon that toes or metatarsus or whole foot first touch the earth was found in children with spastic cerebral palsy.The ratio of anterior foot and middle foot touchdown phase to single supporting phase were higher than normal children(P<0.05).In spastic cerebral palsy group the phenomenon of strephexopodia was more serious than strephenopodia during anterior foot touchdown phase.ConclusionLots of children with spastic cerebral palsy are suffering long-time compression pain and strephexopodia with anterior foot,active rectification must be performed during rehabilitation care.

Abstract: Objective　To investigate a poisoning incident caused by eating eight treasure congee, and establish liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS screening method of 28 alkaloids to provide references for disposal of similar poisoning incidents. Methods　LC-MS/MS was used for screening 28 alkaloids in the urine, eight treasure congee and food raw material, and the detected alkaloids were quantified. Samples were extracted with 0.4% formic acid aqueous solution and separated by a Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (1.7 μm, 100 × 2.1 mm). Acetonitrile-0.2% formic acid aqueous solution was used as the mobile phase and gradient elution was adopted. The ionization mode was electrospray positive ionization mode, and the detection method was multi-reaction monitoring (MRM). Analytes were quantified with the external standard method. Results　In the concentration range of 0-100 ng/mL, the linear correlation coefficient r were greater than 0.999 for 28 alkaloids. The recovery of 28 alkaloids in urine sample ranged from 63.0% to 105.0%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were between 5.8% and 8.6%. The recovery of 28 alkaloids in eight treasure congee sample ranged from 72.0% to 109.0%, and the RSDs were between 6.3% and 9.7%. The recovery of 28 alkaloids in semen sesami nigrum sample ranged from 60.0% to 95.0%, and the RSDs were between 4.8% and 8.2%. Hyoscyamine (2 380.0 ng/mL), scopliamine (3.6 ng/mL) and rac-anisodamine (4.7 ng/mL) were detected in the patient's urine. Hyoscyamine (63.3 μg/g), scopliamine (5.7 μg/g) and rac-anisodamine (2.1 μg/g) were detected in eight treasure congee. Hyoscyamine (901.0 μg/g), scopliamine (80.0 μg/g) and rac-anisodamine (30.1 μg/g) were detected in the seed of Datura stramonium L. The ratio of scopliamine and hyoscyamine in the seed of D. stramonium was 1∶11, which complies with the characteristics of D. stramonium L. In urine sample, the proportion of scopliamine and rac-anisodamine was 0.15% and 0.20%, and hyoscyamine accounted for 99.65%. Conclusion　Seed morphology, the content range and proportion of three alkaloids are all in accord with the characteristics of D. stramonium. Combined with the clinical symptoms of atropine poisoning, it can be deduced that this incident is a family food poisoning caused by accidental consumption of seed of D. stramonium L. The method can provide technical support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of alkaloid poisoning patients, and also provide a basis for emergency detection and disposal of alkaloid poisoning events.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of surface treatments on the bonding of silicone elastomer to acrylic resin.

METHODSNinety acrylic resin specimens were randomly divided into 9 groups which were assigned to 9 different surface treatments: finished by 80-, 240-, 400-, 600-, 800-, 1000-, 1500-grit silicon carbide paper under running water, or polished or sandblasted. Roughness of the specimen surface was tested in each group, and the microstructure was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ZY-1 silicone elastomer, ZA-1 primer and acrylic resin specimens were prepared. Shear bond strength were tested and failure modes were assessed for all specimens.

RESULTSThe roughness of all 9 groups showed significant difference (P < 0.05). The sandblasted group showed the highest roughness [(2.97 + or - 0.48) microm], the 1500-grit silicon carbide paper finished group showed the lowest roughness [(0.21 + or - 0.14) microm]. The sandblasted groups showed the lowest bonding strength [(0.98 + or - 0.11) MPa] (P < 0.05) while the 600-grit silicon carbide paper finished group showed the highest strength [(2.13 + or - 0.14) MPa].

CONCLUSIONSOver high surface roughness does not improve the shear bond strength between silicone elastomer and acrylic resin. Treatment of acrylic resin surface with 600-grit silicon carbide paper can increase the shear bond strength between silicone elastomer and acrylic resin.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; Male ; PPAR gamma ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Thiazolidinediones ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; genetics ; metabolism

Axons ; chemistry ; Myelin Sheath ; chemistry ; Staining and Labeling ; methods