Objective To investigate the pancreas size and echo characteristics of patients with glucose metabolism disorders including type 2 diabetes,and to study its related factors.Methods One hundred and fifty-seven patients from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital with normal glucose metabolism,impaired glucose regulation,newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and established type 2 diabetes were collected.The average gray scale intensity of the liver,kidney,pancreas region of interest was measured by using the histogram method.Then the liver and kidney echo ratio,liver attenuation coefficient was calculated,and the fat content of liver was determined by using formula.The size of pancreas head,body and tail was detected by ultrasound,and the sum of three values was used as the pancreas size indicator.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the size of pancreas and intensity of echo.Results The size of pancreas ranged from 2.39 ～ 6.09 cm with a mean size of (4.43 ± 0.59) cm,and the size was ≤ 5 cm in 130patients,＞5 cmin 27 patients.The intensity of echo ranged from 41.0 ～ 190.6 with a mean number of 120.0 ±31.1,and the intensity of echo was ≤120 in 83 patients,＞ 120 in 74 patients.The content of liver fat ranged from-1.11％ ～ 62.50％ with a mean number of (15.67± 11.97)％.Univariate logistic regression analysis suggested the size of pancreas was related to age and obesity,and pancreas echo was related to obesity degree,types of participants,the level of blood glucose,and grade of fatty liver (all P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated obesity degree is the most important factor for prediction of pancreas size and echo (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Quantitative ultrasound measurement of pancreas size and echo can reflect the degree of fat infiltration of pancreas,and it has some clinical value.

Objective To investigate the relationship between pelvic floor dysfunction and serum relaxin H2 and expression of vaginal wall relaxin receptor LGR7 mRNA in late pregnant women. Methods Before the beginning of delivery,all women were evaluated by pelvic organ prolapse quantitation(POP-Q)scoring.Twelve women with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and stage II prolapse of anterior vaginal wall were selected as patient group,and another 24 women without SUI and prolapse of pelvic floor were served as control group.Serum relaxin H2 was determined by ELISA.Vaginal wall tissues were taken after vaginal delivery,and the expression of relaxin receptor LGR7 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results The serum level of relaxin H2 and expression of LGR7 mRNA of vaginal tissues in patient group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01,P<0.05). Conclusion The increased level of serum relaxin and expression of vaginal wall relaxin receptor may correlate with the pelvic floor dysfunction in late pregnant women.

BACKGROUND: Adhesion molecules are closely associated with inflammation. Inflammation due to white blood cell (WBC) infiltration and free radical injury following brain ischemia are believed to be important factors contributing to the pathogenesis of multi-infarct dementia.OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of serum adhesion molecules and free radicals in patients with multi-infarct dementia to explore the relationship between their levels and multi-infarct dementia.DESIGN: A case-control trial.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 82 patients with multi-infarct dementia were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University between January 2000 and December 2004. These patients included 32 cases of mild dementia, 21 of moderate dementia, and 29 of severer dementia. The normal controls were 23 concomitant healthy volunteers who came for routine physical examination.METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electron spin resonance were used to determine the level of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM) and vascular cell adhesion molecules (VCAM), as well as oxygen free radical concentration in the normal controls and patients with multi-infarct dementia, and the association between the severity of the illness and the levels of adhesion molecules and oxygen free radicals was analyzed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and oxygen free radical concentration in the two groups.RESULTS: Totally 82 patients with multi-infarct dementia and 23 healthy controls were included in this study and all enter the result analysis. In multi-infarct dementia patients, the serum levels of soluble ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and oxygen free radical concentration [(469.00±76.33), (196.00± 45.91) and (1 103.30±98.96) μg/L, respectively] were significantly higher than those of the control group [(601.00±76.30), (4.018±1.656), and (1.295±0.718) μg/g, respectively, t=5.517-6.754, P ＜ 0.01], and the 3 indices were positively correlated with the severity of dementia (r=0.659 4,r=0.697 2, r=0.649 4, respectively, P ＜ 0.05); serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels were positively correlated with the concentration of oxygen free radicals (r=0.714 7, r=0.732 4, respectively, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Serum ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and oxygen free radicals might be implicated in the pathophysiological development of multi-infarct dementia, and their levels increase in parallel with the severity of dementia.

One hundred and twenty stroke patients were randomly divided into rehabilitation group (n =60) and control group (n =60).Patients were assessed with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) ,Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA),Bathel Index (BI) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument Brief Version(WHOQOL-BREF) before and 6 weeks after treatment by the same doctor.The scores of NIHSS,FMA,BI and WHOQOL-BREF were improved significantly in rehabilitation group after treatment; while those of control group were no improved.The scores after treatment of rehabilitation group were significantly higher than those of control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).

Abstract?AIM: To analyze the clinical effects of partial rectus muscle transportation procedure for paralytic strabismus due to single rectus muscle paralysis.?METHODS:The conditions of 22 patients (25 eyes) who underwent partial rectus muscle transportation procedure for paralytic strabismus due to single rectus muscle paralysis were retrospectively reviewed. The following data were analyzed:1 ) the angle of deviation of primary position; 2 ) the presence of diploma in the primary position;3) the presence of compensatory head posture;4) the motility of the affected eye.All of the patients attended 6mo postoperative follow-up examinations.?RESULTS: According to the results of examinations before and during operation, different operations were performed:2 eyes were treated with partial rectus muscle transportation, 20 eyes were treated with recession of antagonistic muscle of paralytic rectus muscle combined with partial rectus muscle transportation, 3 eyes were treated with recession of antagonistic muscle, partial rectus muscle transportation and recession of yoke muscle.Twenty patients were orthotropia in the primary position, the diploma and abnormal head posture were eliminated. Two patients with binocular lateral rectus muscles paralysis were in mild undercorrection which were resolved by wearing 8△and 10△prisms respectively. The procedure improved strabismus of 25 eyes from 100.23△ ± 42.61△ preoperatively to 0.82△ ± 2.67△postoperatively ( t=10.797,P<0.001).Ocular movement was improved from -4.52 ±0.51 preoperatively to -2.68 ± 0.63 postoperatively (t=-19.468, P<0.001).? CONCLUSION: Partial rectus muscle transportation procedure for paralytic strabismus due to single rectus muscle paralysis can effectively correct the primary position in paralytic strabismus, eliminate the presence of diploma in primary position and abnormal head posture, and improve the ocular motility, which provides content clinical effects.

Objective To study the effects of russel viper venom X(RVV X)on blood coagulation protein.Methods We divide diluted protein into control and RVV-X groups,then use chromogenic substract assay to detect the activation effect of RVV-Ⅹ on coagulation factor Ⅶ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ and antithrombin,plasminogen,with or without activator.Results In RVV-Ⅹ group,the coagulation factor Ⅶ, Ⅸ and plasminogen displayed weakly enhanced chromogenesis,all P

Different teaching methods were chosen based on different teaching contents in pharmacological theory teaching.Then teaching contents seem simple,interesting and acceptable.The students were more interested in the subject.The results of investiga- tion showed that teaching quality had improved through using this technology.

AIM: To investigate a new method for identification of traditional Chinese medicine injection by FTIR. METHODS: For the steadiness of spectra, the factors of effecting spectrum's information quality were all investigated scientifically over the experiment procedures and instrumental setting, such as the preparation of samples, resolution ratio, scanning times, repeating scanning times, etc. The traditional Chinese medicine injections were used as the analytical samples such as Radix Isatidis, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Flos Carthami, Radix Astragali and Herba Houttuyniae. RESULTS: Although all these original spectrums were similar at a certain degree, the FTIR combined with computer aided analysis, such as the cluster analysis and derivative spectrometry comparability calculation could be used to identify these injections. CONCLUSION: The method of identification by FTIR is non destructive testing, cheap, clean, fast, simple and convenient. The result indicates this method is suitable for establishing identification database of traditional Chinese medicine injections.

Objective To observe the effect of intra-articular injection of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)on the experimental osteoarthritis in rabbits and study the mechanism.Methods Forty rabbits un derwent unilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection(ACLT)and then divided into two groups randomly. 100?mol/L DHEA resolved in the dimethylsulphoxide were injected into the knees of experimental rabbits 4 weeks after transection,once a week for five weeks.Rabbits in the control group were treated under the same schedule using dimethylsulphoxide.All rabbits were killed 9 weeks after ACLT and the knee joints were evalu- ated by gross morphology and histology.The mRNA expression of metalloproteinases-3(MMP-3),tissue in- hibitor of metalloproteinases-1(TIMP-1)and interleukin-lbeta(IL-1?)in the cartilage and synovium was analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Gross morphologic in- spection and histological evaluation showed that the extent and grade of cartilage and synovium damage in the experimental group were less severe than the control group.The mRNA expression of MMP-3 in cartilage and synovium decreased significantly in the experimental group(both P＜0.05).The mRNA expression of TIMP-1 in cartilage and synovium increased significantly in the experimental group compared with that in the control group(both P＜0.05).No significant difference of IL-1?mRNA expression in cartilage was found between the experimental and the control groups(P＞0.05).The mRNA expression of IL-1?in the synovium was signifi- cantly suppressed in the experimental group compared with that in the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion DHEA protects against cartilage degradation,alleviates synovium inflammation and inhibits the progression of osteoarthritis in the experimental model.Down-regulation of MMP-3 and up-regulation of TIMP-1 in cartilage and synovium and IL-1?in the synovium may be the mechanism of the protective effect of DHEA on os- teoarthritis.

Objective To examine whether tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) is involved in arterial calcification of chronic renal failure (CRF) rats. Methods CRF model was induced in male Wistar rats by garage daily with 2% adenine 250 mg/kg. The calcification of aorta, femoral artery, renal artery and coronary artery was evaluated histomorphometrically by van Kossa-stained sections at 2-, 4-, 6- and 8-week respectively. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to observe the expressive levels of TIMP-1 mRNA and protein. Expressions of TIMP-1, osteopentin (OPN) and core binding factor α1 (Cbfα-1) protein were analyzed by immunhistochemistry. Results Serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, inorganic phosphate, calcium-phosphorus product and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) increased significantly in the model animals compared with control group after 2 weeks (P<0.01). Medial calcification was found in above four arteries of model groups after 6 weeks. RT-PCR and Western blot showed that TIMP-1 expression of model group was significantly higher than that of control group (P< 0.05), and obviously elevated in a time-dependent manner. The expression of TIMP-1 and OPN in calcified aortic smooth muscle cells increased obviously (P<0.05), and positive immunostaining of Cbfα-1 was found. The expression of TIMP-1 was positively correlated with OPN and Cbfα-1 (r=0.317, P=0.000; r=0.485, P=0.000). Conclusions The pathology of arterial calcification in CRF rats induced by adenine is similar to CRF patients, which may serve as a useful model of CRF with arterial calcification. The up-regulation of TIMP-1 seems to participate in the formation and development of vascular calcification in CRF.