Aldehydes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA Adducts

Objective To evaluate four tumor markers of insulin-like growth factor 1((IGF-1), CEA, cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) for the diagnosis and prediction of treatment response in human lung cancer. Methods Serum samples were taken from three groups: 91 patients with lung cancer, 30 healthy adults and 15 patients with benign pulmonary diseases. Serum IGF-1 was assayed by radioimmunoassay and CEA, CYFRA21-1, and NSE by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The differences among the three groups were determined by Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and with Mann-Whitney rank-sum test. Diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by ROC curves. Results The four serum tumor marker levels were significantly higher in lung cancer group, as compared with the benign and the healthy (IGF-1:χ2=26.95,P<0.001, CEA:χ2=49.11,P<0.001; CYFRA21-1:χ2=40.63,P<0.001; NSE:χ2=14.76;P<0.001). The diagnostic sensitivities of IGF-1, CEA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE was 75.6% (34/45), 53.3% (24/45), 66.7% (30/45) and 42.2% (19/45) respectively for lung cancer. The diagnostic sensitivity of IGF-1 combined with CYFRA21-1 was 95.5 %( 43/45) and that of IGF-1 combined with CEA and CYFRA21-1was 97.8%(44/45). Only IGF-1 and CYFRA21-1 showed significant changes before and after treatment (IGF-1: χ2=5.99,P=0.014; CYFRA21-1:χ2=4.99, P=0.025) in cancer group. Conclusions Serum IGF-1, CEA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE are all valuable for lung cancer diagnosis and the combination of those parameters can enhance the diagnostic efficiency. Serum IGF-1 and CYFRA21-1 may also be useful for evaluating the treatment response in lung cancer.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of improved covered metallic stents for proximal malignant esophageal strictures.Methods A total of 56 patients with proximal malignant esophageal strictures were treated with improved covered metallic stents whose diameter was 14 mm or 16 mm at Shanxi Province Tumor Hospital from Feburary 2013 to August 2014.Swallowing condition, physical and life quality were compared before and after surgery and analyzed.At the same time, side effects and complications were recorded during and after surgery.Results All 56 patients were treated successfully with improved covered metallic stents, no complications related with stents occurred after surgery.Swallowing conditions were improved after surgery, there were 45 patients with obvious improvement, 10 patients with better improvement and 1 patient's stent taken out due to stent intolerance.Remission rate of swallowing conditions was 98.2％ (55/56).Two weeks after surgery, Stooler of swallowing conditions obviously improved (t =7.05, P ＜ 0.05), physical conditions (ZPS) also improved (t =22.49, P ＜ 0.05), but there was no significant difference in life quality (Kamofsky scores) (t =1.07, P ＞ 0.05).During 90 days of follow-up there was no hemorrhage or perforation.Conclusion The application of improved covered metallic stents for proximal malignant esophageal strictures is safe and effective.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition cause primary carcinoma cells to acquire mesenchymal features and re-epithelialize to form a secondary mass at a metastatic site. Such plasticity has implications in the progression of breast carcinoma to metastasis, and will likely influence cancer's response to therapy. The transcriptional and epigenetic regulation that underlie the development of breast cancer and result in characteristic changes in cell behavior can be monitored using an array of marker proteins, providing the potential for emergent prognostic and therapeutic targeting.

This research is to investigate the effect of NIP regime in the treatment of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its side effects.Thirty two patients with NSCLC (stageⅢ 28 cases, include Ⅲa 6 cases and Ⅲb 22 cases, stageⅣ 4 cases) received chemotherapy regime NIP.Vinorelbine(NVB)25 mg/m 2 V.D,first day and eighth day ;Ifosfomide(IFO) 1.6 g mg/m 2 V.D, from first day to third day; Cisplatin(DDP)25 mg/m 2 V.D,from first day to third day.Four weeks was a cycle, every patients was given 2 cycles. RR was 53.13%(CR 1/32,PR 16/32,SD 4/32,PD 9/32). Main side effect was mylosuppression.NIP regime is effective and safe for patients with advanced NSCLC.

Purpose:To observe the efficacy of capecitabi ne in the treatment of relapsed breast cancer. Methods:21 patients with relapsed breast cancer were treated. C apecitabine was administered twice a day at the dose of 2 500 mg/(m 2?d) f or two weeks. 21 days was one cycle. Patients could be evaluated after at least 2 cycles treatment. Results:20 patients could be evaluated. There were no complete response but 6 partial response, 8 stable disease and 6 progressive disease in t he group. The response rate was 30.0%. The common toxic effects were hand-foot syndrome (61.1%), nausea and vomiting(66.7%), leucopenia (42.9%) and skin pigm entation (23.8%). Conclusions:Capecitabine is effective for the relapsed breast c ancer patients who have been treated with anthracycline and taxanes. The toxic e ffects are mild and the tolerance is well. Capecitabine can be used as the secon d line regimen for relapsed breast cancer.

BACKGROUND:Studies regarding atherosclerosis models preparation commonly established by feeding high-fat diet or arterial intimal injury to healthy or hyperlipoidemia animals.OBJECTIVE:To establish atherosclerosis models induced by feeding high-fat diet combined with arterial intimal injury of ventral aorta with balloon.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A comparative observation experiment was performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January to March 2007.MATERIALS:Twenty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into high-fat diet,and high-fat diet combined with arterial intimal injury groups,with 10 animals in each group.High-fat diet was composed of common forage,4% cholesterol,10% pork fat and 10% egg yolk powder.METHODS:Rabbits in the high-fat diet group were fed with high-fat diet.Animals in the high-fat diet combined with arterial intimal injury group were underwent operation of sacculus injury after fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Arteriae aorta was harvested after 12 weeks of operation and received pathological examination,thickness ratio of fatty streak and plaque,intima,and tunica media was calculated.Serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL) was measured.RESULTS:After 12 weeks,the levels of TC,TG,HDL and LDL were increased,which was more obviously in the high-fat diet combined with arterial intimal injury group(P

Objective To investigate the influence of zoledronic acid injection on body temperature of patients with primary osteoporosis.Methods A total of 142 patients with primary osteoporosis who received intravenous zoledronic acid treatment in Peking university people's hospital during 2013-2014 were enrolled in this study.The body temperature before and after intravenous zoledronic acid treatment were recorded and analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software.Results The patients'body temperature at different time points after intravenous zoledronic acid treatment was significantly different (P =0.000).Prophylactic use of NSAIDs could significantly reduce patients' body temperature at the second day after intravenous zoledronic acid.Conclusion NSAIDs can be given orally on the same day of intravenous injection of zoledronic acid,and continued for three days.

Objective To discuss the clinical significance of the diffuse calcified distribution in diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions .Methods 379 patients with different benign and malignant breast lesions confirmed by surgery underwent digital X‐ray mammography .The morphology ,distribution ,number ,diameter ,concentration and density of calcification in lesions ,the maximum range of the calcified area and other accompanied manifestations in benign and malignant breast lesions were analyzed .Results As for the morphology of calcification ,tiny polymorphic calcification was found in 58 .5% of malignant lesions ,meanwhile ,dot‐like one was found in 49 .3% of benign lesions .Fine linear calcification or branched linear one occurred in malignant lesions ,however ,round one occurred in benign lesions .As for the calcification distribution ,regional distribution was found in 43 .9% of malignant lesions , meanwhile the clustered distribution was found in 58 .4% of benign lesions .And all lobar or segmental distribution was seen in malig‐nant lesions .As for the calcification diameter ,the calcification with the diameter less than 0 .5 mm occurred in 71 .6% of malignant lesions ,however ,that with diameter more than 1 .0 cm occurred in 69 .3% of benign lesions .As for the concentration of calcification , lesions with calcification more than 25 were 71 .8% of malignant ones ,whereas those with calcification of 15-25 were 58 .4% of be‐nign ones .As for calcified density ,uneven calcification occurred in 94 .2% of malignant lesions ;however the even one occurred in 63 .4% of benign lesions .The maximum diameter of calcification ranged from 40 mm to 80 mm was found in 59 .0% of malignant lesions , whereas that ranged from 0 mm to 40 mm was in 77 .2% of benign lesions .Conclusion Statistical differences have been found in the morphology ,distribution ,diameter ,concentration ,density and maximum diameter of calcification between the breast benign and ma‐lignant lesions .

Objective To explore how clinical pharmacists exert their effects in drug therapy.Methods The pharmaceutical practice of clinical pharmacist participating in the treatment of one case of warfarin related nephropathy (WRN) was reported.Early identification of warfarin associated nephropathy and early treatment were necessary and the anticoagulant regimen was optimized.Pharmaceutical education was conducted by clinical pharmacist.Results With guidance by clinical pharmacist,the psychological burden of the patient was reduced,the patient compliance was improved,and the patient understanding of adverse drug reactions was increased.Conclusion Clinical pharmacists involved in clinical treatment practice is conducive to timely detecting and treating patients with adverse drug reactions,and improving the level of drug treatment.