In this paper,based on the latest domestic and foreign literatures,segmental stability in degenera-tive spondylolisthesis,therapeutic principles,indications and new progress of many minimally invasive surgery of this disease are described in detail.Minimally invasive surgical procedures for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis is diversity,so we should choose the best treatment for every patient according to the age,basic diseases,the degree of slipped levels,segmental stability of slipped vertebraes,ecnomic factors in patients,combined with operation skills of surgeons.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) is one of the measures therapy on acute leukemia in children.Very-high-risk children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL),such as Philadelphia chromosome-positive(Ph+),T cell immunophenotype,achieved the first complete remission(CR1),and then receive allogeneic HSCT(allo-HSCT).The transplantation group had significantly improved disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS) compared with chemotherapy group. ALL children in the second complete remission(CR2) were recommended to receive allo-HSCT,especially early-relapse group. All children in the third complete remission (CR3) were recommended to receive an allo-HSCT,and reduce replapse rate through inducing graft versus leukemia.Total body irradiation-based conditioning regimens in children with ALL has advantage over chemotherapy conditioning regimens.Children with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) achieved CR1 and then undergo all-HSCT.This group had significantly improved DFS and OS compared with chemotherapy group.The children with relapsed AML,if having suitable donor,were recommended to receive allo-HSCT. The children with AML who underwent transplantation relapse,and can receive the second transplantation.There was no advantage in children patients with AML using TBI-based conditioning regimens.Conditioning regimens consisted of high-dose cytarabine,in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor has advantage,and improve DFS. Unrelated umbilical cord blood has emerged as a potential option.Compared with unrelated bone marrow transplantation,there was no different in DFS and relapse.For the extent,it is one of the donor hematopoietic stem cell sources.

Objective To mvestigate the effect of phospholated-ERKl/2 on NF-κB p65 expresson nn the substania nigra(SN) of l-msthyi-4-phenyi-l,2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyeidine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease(PD). Methods PD mouse model was induced by MPTP and the behavoor of mouse was observed. Immunohistochemistry and Western bloiting analysis were used to observe the changes in expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), NF-κB p65 and p-ERKl/2 in the SN of midbrain. Meanwhite, the above changes were also observed after treatment with U0126, a specific inhibitor of ERK. Results 1 h after the third MPTP administration, there were much more p-ERKl/2 positive cells than NF-κB p65 positive cells in the SN. 24 h after the fifth injection of MPTP, NF-κB p65 positive cells were significantly increased and p-ERKl/2 positive celiswere decreased, accompanted by marked loss of TH positive neurons. The above changes were greatly alleviated in animais treated with U0l26. Conclusion ERKl/2 pathway may regulate NF-κB p65 activation in MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease, which leads to loss of dopamine neurons.

Adenocarcinoma ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Colectomy ; methods ; Colonic Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; surgery ; Liver Diseases ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Necrosis

Objective To explore the practicability of self-expanding stent placement treatment in the management of carotid artery stenosis. Methods 14 self-expanding stent treatments were performed at 10 sites carotid artery stenosis in 9 patients with TIA and 70%-95% carotid stenosis. Results All patients were free from TIA. Residual stenosis was

The effedt of ligustrum lucidum(LL)and acanthopanax senticosus(AS)on T cells was observed by Ea rosette formation and lymphocyte stimulation test with diff- erent experimental conditions.Both of the two drugs can promote the response of lymphocyte to PHA,but can not stimulate al one lymphocytes to proliferate.LL can raise EaRFC% of lymphocyte and accelerate the restoration of the EaRFC% of trypsin-treated lymphocytes,but AS not.AS can antagonize the inhibition of hydr- ocortisone,but LL not,In this paper,the mechanisms of the action of the two drugs were discussed.

Humidificait on by artificial means must be provided when the upper airway is bypassed during mechanical ventilation.Enough humidification is very important during mechanical ventilation.Heated humidification( HH) and heta and moisture exchanger( HME) are the most commonly used types of artificial humidification in this situation.In this article, their advantages and disadvantages are itn roduced.HH na d HME are compared in humidification performance,effect no ventilator mechanics and association with venti-lation associated pneumonia.Depending on the clinical scenario, humidifier is reasonably selected, and the selection may changeo ver time according the treatment effect.

Objective To investigate the correlation between body mass index ( BMI) , type Ⅱ diabetes and colorectal neoplastic lesions including adenoma and adenocarcinoma. Methods A total of 971 subjects, aged 20-86, who underwent colonoscopy from July 2008 to July 2009 were included. The body height and weight were measured, and history of type Ⅱ diabetes was recorded. Based on the results of colonoscopy and pathology, the subjects were divided into study group (with confirmed adenoma or adenocarcinoma; n =471) and normal control group (n = 500). All data were analyzed by using logistic multi-factors regression. Results With adjustment for some potential mixed factors, obesity group run 2. 55 times of risk of colorectal adenoma or adencarcinoma compared with the normal weight group (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.26-3.05, P =0.027), among which obese male's risk was 3. 32 (OR =3.32, 95% CI: 1. 50-6. 86, P = 0.007) times of that in normal weight males. There was no correlation between female's BMI and incidence of colorectal adenoma & adencarcinoma. Patients with type Ⅱ diabetes ran 2. 10 times of risk of developing colorectal neoplastic lesions compared with those without ( OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1. 25 - 3. 57, P = 0.010). Incidence of colorectal adenoma & adencarcinoma was 3 times higher in those with type II diabetes less than 6 years, compared with those with history more than 6 years ( OR = 3.00, 95% CI: 1.05 - 10. 86, P =0. 040), which was not correlated with gender of diabetic patients. Those with both type Ⅱ diabetes and obesity had 3.05 times of risk of colorectal adenoma & adencarcinoma, compared with non-obese diabetic patients (OR = 3.05,95% CI: 1.08 - 18.41, P - 0.041). Conclusion Obesity is positively correlated with colorectal adenoma and adencarcinoma, and obese males run higher risk than females. Type Ⅱ diabetes also leads to a higher incidence of colorectal neoplastic lesions, which will run even higher when combined with o-besity.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe respiratory condition that is characterized by rapidly progressive hypoxemia with noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.Despite the improvement of therapeutic methods,the mortality of ARDS is in the range of 40％-50％ all over the world.Some studies have shown that a significant number of patients with ARDS had acute cor pulmonale (ACP),and ACP is independently associated with the mortality of patients with ARDS,which has attracted wide attention in recent years.This paper reviewed recent related studies,summarized the prevalence,pathogenesis and diagnostic approaches of ACP in ARDS,especially echocardiography which was considered as a cornerstone for ACP diagnosis,and elucidated the beneficial effects of right ventricular protective ventilatory strategy and prone-positioning on the pulmonary vasculature and right heart,in order to provide a novel idea for the therapy of ACP in ARDS.