Autobiographical memory (AM) is the memory of personal events. At present, autobiographical memory has become another upsurge of memory research after implicit memory. Researches of the brain -based structure for autobiographical memory have also been fruitful, this paper which combined with recent researches reviewed the brain structural basis of autobiographical memory.

Objective To analyze the structure of Armymen' s Mental Quality Scale. Methods Army-men's Mental Quality Scale was administrated to 1426 Chinese armymen in five areas of China,and quantitative methods,such as exploratory factor analysis ( EFA), confirmatory factor analysis ( CFA) was adopted . Results (1) Exploratory factor analysis showed that the 15 factors of armymen' s mental quality can explain 58.328% of total variance. (2)Fit indexes of 15-factor structure model were all consistent with model fitting condition. (3) One factor two and five factor one model of mental quality fitted well. The structure of armymen' s mental quality include 5 dimensions (concretely 15 factors):aptitude,loyalty,bravery,self-confidence and willpower respectively. The aptitude was comprised of judgment, decision-making and response; the loyalty consists of patriotism, dedication and responsibility; the bravery was constituted of determination,steadiness and constancy;the self-confidence consists of imperturbation,independence and team spirit;the willpower consists of adaptability,adjustment and endurance. Conclusion The structure model is reasonable and Armymen' s Mental Quality Scale has good structural validity.

Objective To establish the morms of mental quality scale for servicemen in Chinese PLA.Methods A total of 7 124 servicemen were randomly sampled from Chinese PLA.Their mental quality was assessed based on the "mental quality scale" we previously established by correlation,regression,variance and student's t test analysis.Results A significant difference existed in mental quality of servicemen,which can be greatly influenced by different services,official ranks,and lengths of military service.Four norms,including a total norm,a service norm,a rank norm,and a military service length norm,were accordingly established,which can be used as the objective criteria for the assessment of mental quality of servicemen in Chinese PLA.A significant difference was found in mental quality of servicemen between the services,official ranks,and lengths of military service (P

Objective To discuss the MRI manifestations of primary biliary cirrhosis in order to improve the diagnosis.Methods The MRI manifestations of primary biliary cirrhosis proved by pathology and clinical diagnosis in 5 patients were analyzed retrospectively.The patients underwent plain T1 WI,T2 WI,DWI (b=0,800 s/mm2 )and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.Results MRI showed the thickening and smooth portal vein wall with hyperintensity on T2 WI in 3 patients.Theperiportal halosign with hypointensity on T1 WI and hyperintensity on T2 WI was observed around portal venous branches in 3 patients.Unclear 2-3 grades of intrahepatic bile ducts were found in 4,and narrow lumens of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts were also found in 3.Periportal hyperintensity on T2 WI and DWI and enlarged lymph nodes in abdomen were also revealed in 5 .Mild ascites and shrinking gallbladder volume were showed in 3.Splenomegaly was showed in 4.Conclusion MR manifestations of periportal hyperintensity on T2 WI,periportal halosign,splenomegaly,unclear 2-3 grades of intrahepatic bile duct and narrow lumen of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct may paly an important role in diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis.

Objective To discuss the clinical effect of pulmonary surfactant in the treatment of preterm children respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Methods 86 RDS premature children were randomly divided into two groups by digital number table methods,43 cases were in each group,the control group was given nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) treatment,while the observation group was given intratracheal instillation PS on the basis of the control group.The arterial blood gases,outcome indicators of changes in circumstances were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 of the observation group were (67.10 ±3.88) mmHg and (191.30 ± 10.72) higher than (43.81 ± 3.78) mmHg and (81.71 ± 5.34) of pre-treatment and (53.35 ± 3.86) mmHg and (126.88 ± 8.50) of the control group (t =9.35,9.50,7.34,7.20,all P ＜ 0.05) ; while PaCO2 was (37.38 ± 3.65) mmHg significantly lower than (59.15 ± 4.27) mmHg of pre-treatment and (58.76 ±3.86) mmHg of the control group,the differences were statistically significance (t =10.15,7.62,all P ＜0.05);after treatment,the IVH and ROP incidence of the observation group were 4.65％ and 6.98％,which were significantly lower than 13.95％ and 16.28％ of the control group (x2 =7.68,7.39,all P ＜ 0.05) ; while the two groups showed no significant difference in incidence of BPD (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Pulmonary surfactant in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in premature children has significant effect,and it can improve lung function in children with disease outcome and prognosis.

One hundred patients with chronic cheilitis were divided randomly into 2 groups.In group A patients were treated with MEBO and microwave,cured people used vitamin E and honey continuously.In group B patients were treated with wet apply solvent and 1% hydrocortisone.The efficacy of the two groups were compared after one week and four weeks.The efficacy between the two groups were significantly different after one week,the efficacy of group A was better than the efficacy of group B(P

Congenital heart disease is defined as a large group of structural and functional deficits that arise during cardiac embryogenesis,which poses serious threat to children's health.Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease.Except for disease-related gene coding regions,recent research suggests that regulatory regions of these genes also participate in its occurrence.Regulatory elements include promoter,enhancer and attenuator,etc.This article reviews the relationship between the changes of these elements and the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease in order to better clarify the underlying mechanism and bring new ideas for clinical managements.

OBJECTIVE:To improve pharmacists’emotion quotients in pharmaceutical care.METHODS:The role of pharmacists’emotion quotients in pharmaceutical care was analyzed and the way to improve of which was discussed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Controlling of one’s mood,perception and modulating patients’mood were necessary emotion quotients for pharmacists.To improve pharmacists’emotion quotients,it is essential for them to receive the theory instruction and practice training on pharmaceutical care.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies ; therapy

Objective To explore the effect of tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) on the oligodendrocyte progenitor ,and pro‐vide a strategy for the treatment of Periventricular leukomalacia .Methods The purified oligodendrocyte progenitor were divided in‐to three groups :blank control group ,TNF‐αgroup and anti‐TNFR1 group .TNF‐αgroup and anti‐TNFR1 group were treated with TNF‐α,the differentiation of OPC were detected by immunocytochemical method ,the relative viability of cells in three groups were measured by MTT assay ,the levels of TNFR1 gene was observed with RT‐PCR .Results The relative cell viability of TNF‐αgroup was significantly decreased(P<0 .05) and did not turn into cells called pro‐oligodendrocyte .TNF‐αgroup increased the expression of TNFR1 mRNA ,and there were no differences in the expression of TNFR1 mRNA between the blank control group and anti‐TNFR1 group .Conclusion TNF‐αcould induced OPC apoptosis and inhibited the differentiation of OPC through the TNFR1 .