Objective To detect plasma K-ras gene mutation by using CED-RFLP/PCR to diagnose pancreatic cancer. Methods CED-RFLP/PCR technique was used to detect K-ras gene mutation in the plasma specimens of pancreatic cancer patients, patients with benign pancreatic diseases and healthy subjects. Results In pancreatic cancer patients the positive rate of plasma K-ras gene mutation was 73%, without false positivity, and higher than that in the pancreatic juice and duodenal juice, but lower than that in the fine-needle aspirates. Plasma K-ras gene mutation was not found in patients with benign pancreatic disease and healthy subjects. Conclusion The detection of plasma K-ras gene mutation by CED-RFLP/PCR is simple and effective, and could avoid the faults of other detection methods. It is helpful for the diagnosis and identification of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To investigate the short-term clinical efficacy of CT-guided percutaneous implantation of 125I radioactive seeds in treating the postoperative lung metastases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH).Methods Eight patients with lung metastases after MFH surgery received CT-guided percutaneous implantation of 125I radioactive seeds.There are 28 metastasis lesions in total.Prescribed dose (PD) was 80 Gy and radioactivity was 0.7 mCi(2.59 × 107 Bq).Six months after implantation,chest CT-scan was performed and the changes were reviewed according to the international standards.ResultsAverage dose received by tumor was ( 172.9 ± 39.9 ) Gy,D100 ( 77.7 ± 10.2 ) Gy and D90 ( 97.2 ± 6.8 ) Gy.The overall response rate was 82.1％.Patients' survival period was 10.0 - 26.0 ( 14.6 ± 3.5 ) months with the median survival time of 13 months.ConclusionIn the treatment of postoperative lung metastases of MFH,implantation of 125I radioactive seeds produces a good short-term clinical efficacy.

[Objective] To investigate the therapeutic effect of Phyllanthus compound (PC, mainly composed of Herba Phyllanthus, Radix Astragali, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Glycyrrhizae, etc.) and lamivudine on chronic hepatitis B. [ Methods ] Sixty cases of chronic hepatitis B were randomized to two groups: group A (the combination of PC and lamivudine) and group B (lamivudine 100mg/d). After a six-month treatment, the therapeutic effect was evaluated. [Results] After treatment, symptoms and signs were improved in group A. The recovery rate of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was 83.3% and 53.3%, the rate of hepatitis B E antigen (HBeAg) turning negative was 73.3% and 13.3% , the percentage of HBeAg ( - ) or anti-HBe ( + ) was 53.3% and 6.7% and HBV-DNA-turning-negative rate was 93.3% and 70.0% in groups A and B respectively (P

Objective: To probe into the relation of nutritional status with serum lipids levels in children. Methods: The levels of serum lipids, dietary intakes and physical indices were investigated for 316 children aged 7～11 years in Beijing Chao Yang District. Results: 36.21% of energy was from fat. Of 60.1% children the daily intakes of cholesterol were equal to or more than 300 mg. The intakes of cholesterol were positively associated with TC and apoB levels. Energy percentage from carbohydrate was also positively related with HDL C level. On the other hand, the levels of TC, HDL C and apoAI in cholesterol high intake group were more than control group. The TC, TG, LDL C, apoB and Lp(a) levels in overweight/obese children were more than normal and underweight children, and the lipids levels increased with overweight degree. In boys the waist hip ratios were positively associated with TC, TG, LDL C and apoB levels, negatively with HDL C level. Conclusion: Overweight/obesity (especially abdominal obesity) and unreasonable diet were related closely with dyslipidemia in children. It could be used in early diagnosis for high risk children of dyslipidemia.

Objective To observe the pulmonary protective effect of large and small doses of mucosolvan in elderly patients with lung cancer undergoing radioactive seed implantation.Methods 93 patients with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing radioactive seed implantation guided by CT were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups:the high-dose group,the low-dose group and control group (n-31,each).All patients received the mucosolvan treatment with routine immunization and nutrition support after implantation.Patients was given mucosolvan 990 mg/d and 300 mg/d by continuous intravenous pumping in high-dose and small-dose groups respectively.Patients in the control group was given saline.The incidence of pneumothorax and plasma levels of C reactive protein (CRP),tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha),neutrophils (ANC) were compared between the three groups at 1 d,3 d and 5 d after implantation.Results There was no statistically significant difference in plasm levels of CRP,TNF alpha and ANC between the three groups at 1 d and 3 d after implantation (all P＞0.05).Plasma levels of CRP,TNF alpha and ANC were lower in highdose group than in low-dose group and control group at 5 d after implantation (F=3.596,3.555,3.406,respectively,all P＜0.05).The incidence of pneumothorax was lower in high dose group than in control group (x2 =4.31,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Perioperative application of high-dose mucosolvan can relieve lung inflammatory reaction rapidly and reduce the incidence of pneumothorax in elderly lung cancer patients undergoing radioactive seed implantation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of CT guided permanent 125I seeds implant brachytherapy on early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is not suitable for operation.Methods 18 patients with early stage of NSCLC (stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ) were treated with CT guided permanent seeds 125I implantation from December 2002 to December 2006.The prescribed dose (PD)was 110 Gy,the median activity of 125I seed source was 0.7 mCi.The chest CT detection was performed at 1,2,6 months and 1 year after treatment.The tumor size and the clinical effect were compared before and after treatment.Results The minimum PD in target tumor was (107.7±5.3)Gy,D90 was (113±3.7) Gy,and D9o was more than mPD.The chest CT showed that complete relief (CR) was achieved in 7 patients (38.9％),partial relief (PR) was in 9 patients (50％),stable disease (SD) was in 2 patients (11.1％),no progress disease (PD) was found.The effective rate (CR rate + PR rate) was 92.9％ (16 cases),and local control rate was 88.9％ (16 cases) within one year.During the follow-up to December 2011,the 1,3 and 5 years cumulatively survival rate was 94.4 ％ (17 cases),72.2％ (13 cases),66.7％ (12 cases),56.8％ (10 cases) respectively.Median survival time was 58 months.Conclusions CT-guided permanent 125I seeds implant brachtherapy is effective in the treatment of early non-small cell lung cancer that is not suitable for operation.

Objective:To evaluate the curative effect of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous implantation of 125I radioactive seeds on inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:From January 2003 to December 2012, we selected 48 patients who had pathologically confirmed early-stage NSCLC (stageⅠ, 18 cases;stageⅡ, 30 cases with N0). We treated the nidus by CT-guided percutaneous implantation of 125I radioactive seeds. Six months after implantation, the chest CT-scan was reviewed, and the effect of the treatment was evaluated according to the international standards. Final follow-up was performed in December 2013. Results:All operations were successfully completed. The target tumor matched peripheral doses (MPDs) were 215.8±14.3 Gy (D100), 106.8±11.6 Gy (D90), and 148.6± 17.3 Gy (D90>MPD). Six months after implantation, chest CT was reviewed, and treatment effects were evaluated. The percentages of stage I patients achieving complete relief (CR), partial relief (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD) were 27.8%(5 cases), 72.2%(13 cases), 0%, and 0%, respectively. Among stageⅡpatients, CR, PR, SD, and PD percentages were 0%(3 cases), 73.3%(22 cases), 13.3%(4 cases), and 3.3%(1 case), respectively. The effective rate was 89.6%. The 1-year local control rate was 85%. Until December 2013, the 1-, 2-, and 5-year cumulative survival rates up to the end of the interval were 95.8%(46/48), 81.3%(39/48), and 56.3%(27/48), respectively. Conclusion:CT-guided percutaneous implantation of 125I radioactive seeds is an effective micro-invasive method for treating inoperable early-stage NSCLC.

Objective To evaluate the image quality and registration accuracy of a three?dimensional ( 3D ) dynamic phantom in four?dimensional computed tomography ( 4DCT ) and four?dimensional cone?beam computed tomography ( 4DCBCT) . Methods The Computerized Imaging Reference Systems Dynamic Thorax Phantom Model 008A was scanned to get 4DCT and 4DCBCT images. Two balls with different diameters ( ?= 1 cm and ?= 2 cm) were used to simulate tumors with different sizes. The motion mode of the balls was 3D sinusoidal motion at 0?25 Hz ( the amplitudes along the x, y, and z axes were ±1?0 cm, ±0?4 cm, and ±0?2 cm, respectively). Gross target volumes (GTVs) from 10?phase bins, internal gross target volumes (IGTV), and target volumes on maximum intensity projection (MIP) and mean intensity projection (MeanIP) images were contoured and calculated. Target volumes on 4DCT or 4DCBCT images were compared with the static and dynamic volumes of the balls ( VS and VD ) . The matching index ( MI) of target volumes between the 4DCT and 4DCBCT images was analyzed after rigid image registration. Results The GTV in each phase of the image was larger than VS . The difference between the average GTV derived from 10 phases of 4DCT or 4DCBCT images and Vs of the small ball was larger than that of the large ball ( 35?03% vs. 22?66%;32?62% vs. 17?00%) . All the IGTVs and target volumes on MIP images were slightly larger than VD , but target volumes on MeanIP images were smaller than VD . The average MI of 10?phase bins of the small ball was smaller than that of the large ball ( 66?76% vs. 82?21%) . Moreover, MIs of IGTV,MIP, and MeanIP of the small ball were also smaller than those of the large ball ( 77?39% vs. 90?29%;75?90% vs. 89?28%;74?47% vs. 82?74%) . Conclusions In the case of a relatively small tumor volume and a relatively large motion amplitude, 4DCT and 4DCBCT should be used with caution for comparison of image registration.

Objective To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced(DCE)-MRI and DWI for the early assessment of curative effects in NSCLC. Methods Forty patients from September 2012 to September 2014 with NSCLC proven by pathology were examined with DCE-MRI and DWI, at one week before the first chemotherapy and one month after treatment. DCE parameters (MER, slope, WR) and ADC values of the tumors were calculated on the workstation. According to the changes of the tumor-size after treatment, all patients were divided into two groups: good response group and poor response group. Pretreatment parameters were compared between the two groups with independent-samples t test, and parameter changes before and after treatment were compared with paired-samples t Test. ROC curve of tumor response characteristic was analyzed. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to study the correlation between post-treatment parameter changes and tumor size reduction. Results Pretreatment ADC, MER and slope value were (1.15 ± 0.09) × 10-3 mm2/s, 1.13 ± 0.28, (3.76 ± 1.27)% in the good response group(15 patients), and were (1.34±0.33)×10-3mm2/s, 0.78±0.16, (2.63±0.58)%in poor response group(25 patients), respectively. There was significant difference between tumors in two groups(t=2.329, 3.152, 4.556,P=0.027, 0.032, 0.009), the lower ADC value and the higher MER/slope value was observed in the good response group. The change rates of ADC after one month treatment in the two groups were (20.43±6.40)%, (2.98±1.65)%(t=3.485,P=0.009), and slope change were (-61.80±19.21)%, (-30.80±11.16)%(t=3.280, P=0.020). Both the rising rate of ADC and decreasing rate of slope value were significant higher in good response group than the poor response group. The ROC curve was used to analyze the change rate of ADC and slope after tumors treatment, the area under the ROC curve in ADC was largest(Az=0.790), the diagnosis efficiency was highest. We found significant positive correlation between ADC, MER, slope change rate and tumor maximum diameter reduction rate after chemotherapy(r=0.637, 0.396, 0.532,P<0.05). Conclusions DCE parameters and ADC values possess important clinical value to evaluate the early effect of chemotherapy in NSCLC. ADC value is more sensitive to early lung cancer response.

Objective To evaluate the dosimetry accuracy and clinical efficacy of 125I radioactive seed implantation using coplanar template (CPT) in the treatment of metastatic or recurrent chest wall tumor.Methods Thirty-one patients with metastasis or recurrence of chest wall tumor,who had been diagnosed with pathology between July 2005 and July 2015,were retrospectively studied.All patients underwent CPT-assisted 125I radioactive seed implantation.Brachytherapy radiation treatment planning system (BTPS) was used to make preoperative plans,and the prescribed dose (PD) was 110 Gy.CPT was used to assist CT guided 125I radioactive seeds implantation.Dose evaluation was performed immediately after implantation.The difference of dose parameters was compared between preoperation and postoperation,including Dg0,D100,V90,V100 and the numbers of seeds.Postoperative chest CT was conducted regularly to assess the treatment efficacy based on the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST Version 1.1).The patients were followed up till July 2016.Results All patients went through implantation procedure successfully and there was no significant statistical difference between preoperative and postoperative dose parameters (P ＞ 0.05).The conformal index (CI) was 0.951 ± 0.13,external index(EI) was 6.5％ ±0.9％.Six months after implantation,CR,PR,SD and PD were 25.8％ (8/31),51.6％ (16/31),6.5％ (2/31) and 16.1％ (5/31),respectively.The effective rate was 77.4％,and local control rate was 83.9％ (26/31).Skin pigmentation occurred in 13 patients during the follow-up period,without any special treatment.Conclusions The auxiliary of CPT in the treatment of metastatic or recurrent chest wall tumor under the guiding of CT could achieve quality control,safety and effectiveness.