Mononuclear cells separated from heparinized fresh venous blood of healthy male bloodclonors by means of Ficoll- Hypaque density gradient centrifugation were subjected to petri dish adhesion and nylon wool-column separation to obtain monocytes and T lymphocytes of high purity, respectively. Antigen- presenting capability of the monocytes, as reflected by T lymphocyte proliferation, was assayed after the monocytes had been preincubated with PPD (purified protein derivative, end concentration12.5 ?g /ml ) and methione enkephalin (M-Enk) in defferent concentrations for 24 hours at 37 ℃ in a humidified incubator containing 5% CO_2. It was shown that the antigen-presenting capability of the monocytes was markedly enhanced by M-Enk when its concentration was from 10 ~(-10) M to 10~(-14) M(close to the normal serum concentration of M-Enk), and this effect of M-Enk could be cancelled if the monocytes had been pretreated with 10~(-6) M naloxone for 30 min before addition of PPD and M-Enk, suggesting that the effect of M-Enk in these concentrations was mediated through the opioid receptors on the monocytes. M-Enk in high concentrations (10~(-4) M-10~(-6)), however, was found to inhibit th'e antigen- presenting capability significantly and this inhibition could not be cancelled by pretreatment of the monocytes with naloxone.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of fixed inclined bite plate on jaw bone and dentition in juveniles with Class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion.Methods: Eighteen patients(10 male and 8 female aged 11.5～13.8 years old) were treated with fixed inclined bite plate for bite-opening, twelve patients(6 male and 6 female) were involved as the control. Cephalograms were taken before and after the treatment.Results: After treatment ANB was significantly reduced and mandibular development was improved; AFH and PFH were significantly increased; the first molar in mandible was siginificantly elongated.Conclusion: Fixed inclined bite plate is effective in the improvement of sagittal skeletal relationship and in the orthodontic treatment in the juveniles with Class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion.

Objective To investigate the factors that may affect the prognosis of patients with moderate-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are receiving sorafonib therapy.Methods The clinical data of 38 HCC patients,whose diagnoses were confirmed by pathology or clinical imaging and were in accord with the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging criteria,were retrospectively analyzed.Sorafenib 400 mg was orally given twice everyday,and according to modified RECIST criteria the tumor response was evaluated once every 4-6 weeks,the adverse events were recorded,and the drug toxicity was evaluated by grading standard 3.0 edition for common adverse reactions formulated by American National Cancer Institute.Results Among the 38 patients,one patient developed hepatic encephalopathy after took sorafenib for two weeks,and medication had to be stopped.Of other 37 patients,14 patients developed pancreatic atrophy in different degrees (positive group),the median progression free survival (mPFS) was 9.0 months,and the median overall survival (mOS) was 25.8 months;pancreatic atrophy didn't occurred in the remaining 23 patients (negative group),the mPFS was 3.3 months,and the mOS was 8.4 months.The differences in mPFS and in mOS between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.01 and P=0.025respectively).The main adverse events included hand-foot skin reaction,diarrhea,fatigue and weight loss,which were relieved after symptomatic treatment,and no severe untoward effect occurred.Conclusion Certain correlation exists between pancreatic atrophy and the curative effect of sorafenib.For patients who develop severe diarrhea associated with pancreatic atrophy,a longer survival time as well as a longer stable state of disease can be expected.(J Intervent Radiol,2017,26:258-262)

Transcatheter internal iliac arterial embolization has become a first-choice treatment for control of life-threatened bleeding associated with pelvic tumors or obstetric disorders.Recently,uterine arterial embolization(UAE)has offered a successful alternative to surgery in the treatment of uterine fibroid.Clinical failure rates for this procedure was reported from 4% to 19% in literature,probably due to the existence of collateral flow to the pelvic lesions,especially the ovarian arteries(OA)being the most important source.Furthermore,the anastomosis between the ovarian and uterine arteries has been suggested as the pathway for nontarget embolization of the ovaries causing premature menopause.The OA are simple paired vessels and they usually arise from the anterolateral part of the abdominal aorta at the level of the second lumbar vertebra.Variations in origin of OA occur in 2%-10% with diameter smaller than 1.1 mm and routinely not identified on conventional aortography.However,in the presence of a uterine or other pelvic diseases,the OA become dilated as the result of pathologic blood supply demand.OA supply to the pelvic lesions are more frequently found in patients with large fundal fibroids,history of the pelvic surgery,post embolization of the uterine arteries,and dysplasia of uterine artery.In patient with one or more of these predisposing factors,the extent of OA supply to the pelvic lesions should be assessed using pigtail catheter pelvic aortography with the tip at the level of the renal arteries,followed by selective OA catheterization.In case of identified OA supply to the pelvic lesions,superselective embolization of the OA should be considered,using particles with diameters larger than 500 ?m.Proximal OA embolization,in combination with bilateral UAE,may significantly increase the risk of iatrogenic ovarian dysfunction.When necessary in a premenopausal patient,OA embolization should be performed unilaterally and as near as possible to the lesions,and the procedure is performed only with specific informed consent.

Due to the theoretical and technique limitation of traditional surgery,surgical treatment of complex intrahepatic biliary diseases was left for an unresolved difficult problem of the last century.Uncertainties of the anatomical,physiological,pathological changes and surgical techniques in the intrahepatic biliary tract contribute to this complexity.Through integrated application of modern scientific technology and traditional medicine methods and systematic optimization and innovation of biliary surgical theories and techniques,authors have developed a paradigm of precision biliary surgery which is characterized by high quantification,visualization and controllability.The establishment of the precise biliary surgical system solves the difficulty in surgeries for intrahepatic biliary diseases,puts forward the biliary surgery from extrahepatic ducts,hilar ducts to intrahepatic ducts,entering a new segment era of the biliary surgery marked by precision treatment of intrahepatic biliary diseases.

Esophageal gastric variceal bleeding(EGVB)is a serious complication of cirrhotic portal hypertension with high mortality rate. Prevention of EGVB is an important mean to improve the survival of patients. Non-selective beta-blockers(NSBBs)is one of the first-line drugs for primary and secondary prevention of EGVB,however,only about 1 / 3 of cirrhotic patients respond to this treatment when evaluated by hepatic venous pressure gradient( HVPG). This may be related to the genetic polymorphisms of NSBBs’receptors and the metabolic enzymes. This article reviewed the progress in study on therapeutic efficacy of NSBBs and its influencing factors for preventing EGVB in cirrhotic patients.

Objective: To explore a new evaluation method for hospital intangible assets through a case study on evaluation of hospital "Know-how". Methods: Using the contingent valuation method(CVM) we designed a questionnaire to survey the willingness of patients to pay for hospital "Know-how". The data was analyzed by econometrics methods and a model was established for evaluating the "Know-how" in hospitals. Results: Under three scenarios, the effect of "Know-how" increased gradually; the percentages of patients who were willing to pay were 58.48%, 65.50% and 98.54%, respectively. The mean maximal payments were 4,5,and 5 folds that of the basal level. The annual family income was the most important factors influencing the patients' willingness to pay. According to the model established,the value of the hospital "Know-how" was between 85.014 95 million to 252.229 million RMB in 2006. Conclusion: CVM may serve as a new method to evaluate hospital "Know-how" and should be further studied in the future.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) which initial located in anterior horn of thoraci spinal cord.Methods The clinical data of 3 patients with ALS which initial located in anterior horn of thoraci spinal cord were analysed retrospectively.Results All of the 3 cases were male.The age of onset was 52,66 and 62 years old,respectively.They all presented as dyspnoea,with obvious atrophy in intercostal muscle and rectus abdominis.However,the muscle weakness and atrophy in the limbs were occurred slight degree and late comparativly.EMG showed the neurogenic damage in upper limbs and vertebra muslce.Conclusions The ALS which initial located in anterior horn in thoraci spinal cord is male dominant,the average age of onset is delay than that in ALS.The dyspnoea obvious.The respiratory muscle atrophy is earlier than the muscle weakness and atrophy in the limb.Definite diagnosis depende on the EMG.

Objective To develop a method for the separation and preparation panaxynol. Methods Panax Notoginseng was extracted by SEF-CO_2, and absorbed by silica gel to remove most of the polar impurities. Panaxynol was preparated with RP-HPLC. Result Panaxynol was identified by UV、IR、MS、NMR,and the purity of panaxynol reached 98%. Conclusion The developed method is simple, reproducible and easy to operate. The solvent is cheap,with low boiling point and easy to recovery property.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes in the serum inflammatory cytokines and their association with neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) in the patients with severe hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD).Methods Eighty-nine patients with severe HFMD from March 2010 to December 2012 were recruited in the study.The patients were divided into NPE group and central nervous system diseases (CNSD) group according whether they had NPE.The cytokines,including interleukin (IL)-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-17,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)were evaluated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on day 1,3 and 5 after admission to hospital.Risk factors for NPE involvement during hospital stay were analyzed with multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results (1) Compared with the CNSD group,the serum levels of IL-6 (Ftime =1.876,P =0.177,Ftime* group =2.192,P =0.145,Fgroup =7.855,P =0.007),TNF-α(Ftime =13.133,P =0.001,Ftime* group =0.291,P =0.592,Fgroup =3.644,P =0.042),IL-10 (Ftime =14.580,P =0.001,Ftime* group =2.612,P =0.078,Fgroup =16.823,P =0.000),INF-γ (Ftime =3.093,P =0.045,Ftime* group =0.513,P =0.600,Fgroup =20.141,P =0.000) were significantly higher than those in NPE group.(2)The serum levels of TNF-α,IL-10,INF-γ rose to the peak on the third day.(3) By using multivariate Logistic regression analysis,age (OR =3.383,95％ CI:1.173-4.759),days of fever (OR =4.925,95％ CI:1.758-3.794),hyperglycaemia (OR =3.465,95％ CI:1.303-5.220),leucocytosis (OR =7.579,95 ％ CI:2.530-12.704) and elevation of IL-10 (OR =1.228,95 ％ CI:1.007-1.523) were entered into equation.In the risk evaluation model,these variables remained independent predictors for NPE.Conclusions Abnormal cytokine productions appear to be responsible for the pathogenesis of NPE,and might be an effective tool for predicting NPE in infants with severe HFMD.