Objective To study the joint effect of small dosages of Aspirin and compound Danshen dropping pills on type 2 diabetes(T2DM) patients'and impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) patients' hypercoagulation blood.Methods The study followed diagnostic standards for T2DM by World Health Organization (WHO) in 1999,and randomly selected two groups of clinical patients:one had 63 patients with IGT and the other contained 68 patients with T2DM.Both groups took compound Danshen dropping pills with the total dosage of 10 pills each time,3 times per day,for continuum of 3 months.After that both groups stopped medication for 7 days,then began taking Aspirin after meal,with the dosage of 100 mg per day,for a continuum of 3 month.After that both groups stopped the medication for 7 days,then both group continued to take same dosage of ASA with addition of compound Danshen dropping pills of total amount of 10 pills per each time,3 times per day,for acontinuum of 3 months.Each medication period (ev ery 3 months) was monitored for platelet count (PET),prothrombin time (PT),kaolin partial thromboplastin time (APPT),The effective rate of anticoagulation for both groups were then calculated.Results The difference of PT、APTT between before and after taking single dosage of ASA for patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was statistically significant (P＜0.05),while patients with T2DM had no significant difference before and after taking same single dosage of ASA.Similarly, both groups with single dosage of compound Danshen dropping pills had no significant difference between before and after taking the medication.However,the difference of PT、APTT between before and after taking the combination of Aspirin and Danshen dropping pills of both groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).IGT group with single dosage of ASA had an effective rate of 71.4％ for anti coagulation,while T2DM group with the same dosage reached 23.8％.The IGT group with combinatory dosage of ASA and Danshen dropping pills reached an effective rate of 100％ for anticoagulation,while T2DM group with the same dosage was 86.7％.The difference between those effective rates of anticoagulation was statistically significant in different medicine takeways of two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion The combinatory use of small dosage of Aspirin with compound Danshen dropping pills had evident effect to improve IGT and hypercoagulation blood of T2DM patients who had good control of their blood glucose.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; drug effects ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; methods ; Drug Utilization ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To analyze the Brucellosis incidence and to predict the trends of the disease in Shanxi province and the national in recent years,which could provide the reference for surveillance,prevention and control of the disease.Methods Brucellosis data which was reported monthly during January 2006 and December 2010 in Shanxi province and the data released by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention during January 2005 and December 2010 were collected.Several indexes,such as the annual increasing number,the development rate,growth rate and other indicators were applied to compare Shanxi province with the national Brucellosis epidemic in recent years.What's more,the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) was fitted respectively with the data of Brucellosis incident number reported monthly,so as to predict the prevalence status in the coming two years by verifying the fitting effect.Results Brucellosis prevalence of Shanxi province reached the peak in 2008,and the incidence number was 5397,which was 900 more than 2007.From the onset of decline after 2008,the prevalence decreased by 17.67％ (906/5128) in 2010.However,national incidence of Brucellosis kept increasing before 2009 and the prevalence increased rapidly from 2007 to 2008,and the growth rate reached 39.16％ (8442/21 560).Although the number of Brucellosis fell by 2041 cases in 2010 than in 2009,the rate of decline was only 5.14％(2041/37 734).The fastigium of Brucellosis was from May to July yearly whether Shanxi province or the country.The ARIMA models of Shanxi province and the nation were ARIMA [(1,0,1)(1,1,0)12] and ARIMA[(1,0,1)(0,1,1)12],respectively,according to the incidence numbers reported monthly.The fitting effect of models showed that the predicted values of the two models were both consistent with the actual situation and all predicted values fell within the 95％ confidence limits,which depicted that they both fitted well.The predicted values depict that the incidence of Brucellosis overall trend was basically stable in Shanxi province,while the numbers in the nation would increase in a small extent in 2011 and 2012.The fastigium of Brucellosis was still from May to July yearly.Conclusions Brucellosis control measures are effective in Shanxi province,incidence of Brucellosis declining.The ARIMA model could predict the number of Brucellosis well,which can provide a valuable reference for the predication and evaluation of Brucellosis epidemic in the future.

In clinical practice, the teachers should lead students to integrate the basic medical and clinical medical knowledge, and promote their comprehensive ability. Taking the department of gynaecology as an example, we learn from the analysis of specific practice that teachers need to pay attention to the reasonable conversion between doctors and teachers, strengthen their own basic medical knowledge reserves and teaching ability, strengthen the experience exchange with the teachers who teach basic course and give students clear interpretation of the relevant basic medical knowledge, pro-mote students to converse from basic medical skills to clinical skills, from theory to practical skills, and enable students to adapt to the role of interns as soon as possible.

Background and purpose:EGFR-TKI (EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors), represented by geiftinib and erlotinib, have exhibited signiifcant antiproliferative effects against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with low toxicity.EGFR gene mutation was discovered to be a predictive biomarker for EGFR-TKI treatment. Although the efifcacy of EGFR-TKI is limited toEGFR wild-type patients, it is still noticeable suggesting that some other mechanisms are responsible for it. The current study is aimed at evaluating the expression of phosphorylated EGFR in advanced NSCLC, investigating its relationship withEGFR mutations and EGFR-TKI efifcacy.Methods:EGFR gene mutations were detected by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) in 205 stageⅢB-ⅣNSCLC patients. The expressions of phosphorylated tyrosine 1068 (pTyr1068) and 1173 (pTyr1173) were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:The positive expressions of pTyr1068 and pTyr1173 were 80.0% (164/205) and 57.6% (95/165) respectively. None of them were related to clinical pathological characteristics (age, gender, pathological type, smoking status, disease stage).EGFR gene mutation rate was 44.9% (92/205), which was only related to smoking status (P=0.024) compared to other clinical pathological characteristics.EGFR gene mutations were poorly related to pTyr1068 expression (P<0.001) and not related to pTyr1173 expression (P=0.297). The objective response rate (ORR),disease control rate (DCR), and progressive free survival (PFS) of EGFR-TKI treatment in patients withEGFR mutations were 48.3% (43/89), 80.9% (72/89) and 8 months (95%CI: 6.11-11.42) respectively, which were signiifcantly higher than that ofEGFR wild-type patients [ORR=16.2% (17/105,P<0.001); DCR=56.2%(59/105,P<0.001); Median PFS: 2.1 months, (95%CI: 0.89-3.24;P=0.001)]. Superior ORR: DCR and PFS appeared in patients with pTyr1068 positive expression compared to negative [ORR: 37.7% (58/154)vs 5.0% (2/40,P<0.001); DCR: 74.7% (115/154)vs 40.0% (16/40,P<0.001); Median PFS: 7.0 monthsvs 1.2 months,P<0.001)]. Inversely, the patients with pTyr1173 positive expression had lower ORR, DCR and shorter PFS [ORR: 27.8% (25/90)vs 37.9%(25/66,P=0.123); DCR: 64.4% (58/90)vs 83.3% (55/66,P=0.007); Median PFS: 4.8 monthsvs 7.7 months (P=0.016)]. In subgroup ofEGFR wild-type patients, positive expression of pTyr1068 was 69.0% (69/100).EGFR wild-type patients with pTyr1068 positive expression had a prolonged PFS and elevated ORR and DCR compared to negative [median PFS: 3.6 monthsvs 1.2 months (P<0.001); ORR: 23.2%vs 3.2% (P=0.010); DCR: 69.6%vs 35.5% (P=0.001)]. Sixteen patients with pTyr1068 positive expression who responded to EGFR-TKI treatment in this subgroup had a remarkable PFS [median PFS: 15.6 months (95%CI:7.28-23.9)]. Multiple factor analysis showed that the expression of pTyr1068 was an independence predictor factor for EGFR-TKI treatment (OR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.16~0.37,P<0.001). Conclusion:Phosphorylation at Tyr1068 of EGFR might be a potential predictive factor for clinical response and survival of EGFR-TKI treatment in patients with advanced NSCLC, especially inEGFR wild-type patients.

Bone Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Chondrosarcoma ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Fingers ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteochondroma ; pathology ; Radiography

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Hodgkin Disease ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; PAX5 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Staining and Labeling ; methods ; Young Adult

Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Goiter, Nodular ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Hashimoto Disease ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroid Nodule ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy

We constructed different N-terminal truncated variants based on Bacillus acidopullulyticus pullulanase 3D structure (PDB code 2WAN), and studied the effects of truncated mutation on soluble expression, enzymatic properties, and application in saccharification. Upon expression, the variants of X45 domain deletion existed as inclusion bodies, whereas deletion of CBM41 domain had an effective effect on soluble expression level. The variants that lack of CBM41 (M1), lack of X25 (M3), and lack both of CBM41 and X25 (M5) had the same optimal pH (5.0) and optimal temperature (60 degrees C) with the wild-type pullulanase (WT). The K(m) of M1 and M5 were 1.42 mg/mL and 1.85 mg/mL, respectively, 2.4- and 3.1-fold higher than that of the WT. k(cat)/K(m) value of M5 was 40% lower than that of the WT. Substrate specificity results show that the enzymes exhibited greater activity with the low-molecular-weight dextrin than with high-molecular-weight soluble starch. When pullulanases were added to the saccharification reaction system, the dextrose equivalent of the WT, M1, M3, and M5 were 93.6%, 94.7%, 94.5%, and93.1%, respectively. These results indicate that the deletion of CBM41 domain and/or X25 domain did not affect the practical application in starch saccharification process. Furthermore, low-molecular-weight variants facilitate the heterologous expression. Truncated variants may be more suitable for industrial production than the WT.
Bacillus ; enzymology ; Glycoside Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Conformation ; Sequence Deletion ; Substrate Specificity ; Temperature

Using the latency of paw withdrawal (PWL) from a noxious thermal stimulus as a measure of hyperalgesia, the effects of i.p. injection of meptazinol and its isomers, 112824 and 112825, on carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia were studied in awaked carrageenan-inflamed rats. Peripheral inflammation was induced by intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of carrageenan (2 mg/100 microl) into one hindpaw in rats. Carrageenan produced marked inflammation (edema and erythema) and thermal hyperalgesia in the injected paws, which peaked at 3 h after injection and showed little change in magnitude for another 3 h. Injection of 0.1 mg/kg meptazinol (i.p.) at 3 h after carrageenan had no effect on the PWLs of either inflamed or non-inflamed hindpaw during the next 100 min (P>0.05, n=8). At the dosage of 1 and 10 mg/kg, meptazinol produced marked anti-nociception and anti-hyperalgesia in non-inflamed and inflamed hindpaw, respectively (P<0.05, n=8-11). The prolonging effect of meptazinol on PWL in inflamed hindpaw was more potent than that in non-inflamed hindpaw. Pre-administration of 1.5 mg/kg naloxone significantly antagonized meptazinol-induced anti-nociception and anti-hyperalgesia. Intraperitoneal injection of an isomer of meptazinol, 112825 (1.5 mg/kg), but not 112824 (1 mg/kg), markedly increased the PWL of the non-inflamed hindpaw. Nevertheless, both the isomers produced similar anti-hyperalgesic effect to that of meptazinol (P<0.05, n=8), which was completely reversed by naloxone (1.5 mg/mg). The results suggest that meptazinol and its isomers have anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic properties with the former more potent. The effects are mainly mediated by mu opioid receptors. This study provides an important clue for extending clinical utilization of meptazinol and its isomers.
Analgesics, Opioid ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Carrageenan ; Hyperalgesia ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; Isomerism ; Male ; Meptazinol ; pharmacology ; Nociceptors ; drug effects ; Pain ; physiopathology ; Pain Measurement ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley