No abstract available.
Femur Neck*

No abstract available.
Femur Neck*

No abstract available.
Femur Neck*

No abstract available.
Femur Neck

No abstract available in English.
Femur Neck

No abstract available.
Amputees* ; Femur Neck* ; Femur* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Femur Neck* ; Femur* ; Humans

PURPOSE: To investigate the results of treatment of unstable reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures with proximal femoral nail (PFN). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the results of 16 cases of AO 31-A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture treated with PFN from September 2000 to February 2004 which could be followed up for more than six months and untill bone union. The mean age was 60.2 years old. We investigated the union time and amount of sliding of two screws (neck screw and anti-rotational hip pin) and complications such as fixation failure and nonunion. Functional results were evaluated by the Parker and Palmer mobility score and Jensen social-function score. RESULTS: All fractures were united and the mean union time were 6.9 months. The amount of sliding of the neck screws and anti-rotational hip pin was 4.8 mm and 3.8 mm on average in 14 cases, respectively. Fixation failure and excessive migration of the screws occurred in two cases; One case showed so-called Z-effect of two screws (reciprocal movement of two screws) and nonunion. The other case showed proximal migration and cutout of the neck screw. There was one femoral shaft fracture at the nail tip caused by a slip. Eight cases (50%) and eleven cases (68.8%) were fully recovered according to Parker and Palmer mobility score and Jensen social-function score, respectively. CONCLUSION: We consider that PFN is a suitable implant for treatment of unstable reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures. However, the revision of implant design is recommended to prevent the excessive migration of the femoral neck screw and anti-rotational hip pin.
Femur ; Femur Neck ; Hip ; Hip Fractures* ; Neck

PURPOSE: We wanted to measure the femoral neck anteversion (FNA) angles using a 3D CT scan that perpendicularly cut the mechanical axis of the femur and to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of different measuring methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We obtained 95 cases of 3D CT images of the cross-section perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the femur. The methods used to measure the FNA angles included a method using the CT image of the area where the femoral neck is confluent to the greater trochanter (method 1), a method using the CT image taken from the neck base immediately prior to the beginning of the area of the lesser trochanter (method 2) and a method by which measurements are made after putting 3D bone models on a horizontal plane in virtual space (method 3). The reference axes of the distal femur we used were the anatomical transepicondylar axis, the surgical transepicondylar axis and the real posterior condylar axis. RESULTS: The FNA angles measured by method 1 were 4.79+/-6.41degrees to the anatomical transepicondylar axis (ATEA), 6.09+/-6.58degrees to the surgical transepicondylar axis (STEA) and 7.96+/-6.81degrees to the real posterior condylar axis (rPCA). The FNA angles measured by method 2 were 16.01+/-8.31degrees to the ATEA, 19.52+/-8.38degrees to the STEA and 21.79+/-8.52degrees to the rPCA. The FNA angles measured by method 3 were 20.15+/-12.89degrees to the rPCA. CONCLUSION: The measurement of the FNA angle using a 3D CT scan perpendicular to the mechanical axis is reproducible. The measurement method on the neck base level is more reliable than the one on the proximal neck confluence, and more similar to the measurement method by classic definition.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Neck

The calcar femorale is a specific anatomic entity which is often confused with the medial trabecular system or posteromedial cortex of the neck of the femur. The clinical significance of its architecture is evident when one considers the great number of operative procerdures performed in the upper end of the femur. This study deals with 45 cases of the Korean Dry femur(male: 27, female: 12, useless: 6) and two pairs of the femur from the cadavers. The authors observed the three dimensional structure of the calcar femorale and studied the relation between anteversion and calcar femorale. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The calcar femorale was a vertical plate of the thickened bone that lay deep to the lesser trochanter. The length in the vertical axis of the calcar femorale was 44.82±3.59mm. The calcar femorale was thickest medially where it joins the medial trabecular system of the femoral neck (maximal thickness: 2.65±0.65, width: 8.90±1.82mm). 2. The calcar femorale lay in one plane, which inclined 30.02±7.80 degree to the discondylar axis of the femur. By using this inclination of the calcar plane, it could be best visualized with about 60° external rotation of femur in a simple X-ray. 3. The angle between the calcar plane and the diacondylar axis was proportionate to the anteversion of the femoral neck. Correlation coefficient(r=0.80) was calculated. The regression line of y (anteversion) on x(calcar angle) was y=0.75X−8.53(slope). With this proportion, the angle of the femoral anteversion could be determined. 4. Microscopic features of the calcar femorale was revealed in the scanning electron microscopic studies. The medial side of the calcar was a cortical extension and it became thinner posterolaterally and than it was composed of fused or thickened trabeculae.
Cadaver ; Female ; Femur Neck ; Femur ; Humans ; Neck