Objective To detect the value of qualitative and orientating diagnosis in the degeneration stage of cerebral cysticercosis with Gd-DTPA enhanced MR. Methods Sixty-nine cases of cerebral cysticercosis were diagnosed by enhanced MR as degeneration stage, and confirmed by immunological examination and/or by surgery. MR plain scanning was conducted for the same cases. Results The plain scanning showed single or multiple lesions with long T1 and long T2 signals, and the enhanced scanning showed nodular or annular lesions. The diameter of the lesion after enhanced scan was not more than 22mm with an average value of 8.1mm. Some cases showed single lesion on plain scanning but showed multiple lesions after enhanced scan. Conclusion The enhanced MR shows more typical features of the degeneration stage cerebral cysticercosis. It can define the number, position and range of the lesions, and can improve the accuracy of differential diagnosis, and therefore be of importance in formulating treatment scheme and prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of epinephrine in sepsis-associated lung injury in rats. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups(n =10 per group):control group received intravenous 0. 9% saline 2. 4 ml/( kg·h ); LPS group received intravenous LPS ( 6 mg/kg ); epi-nephrine treatment group received an infusion of epinephrine 0. 6μg/( kg·min) after LPS intravenous injec-tion . Blood samples were taken at 2 h and 6 h after LPS injection and the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-α,interleukin( IL)-6 and IL-10 were detected. The rats were sacrificed at 6 h. The lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid( BALF) were collected. Pathological changes of the lung tissues were observed under light microscope. Water content of lung,expression of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 in BALF and in serum were detected. Results (1) The water content of lung in LPS group significantly increased compared with that in control group(85. 24% ± 5. 87% vs. 70. 19% ± 5. 87%) and epinephrine group(78. 00% ± 6. 41%) (P<0. 05). (2)Pathological examination showed that LPS could cause pulmonary capillary hyperemia,ede-ma,inflammatory cells infiltration. Atelectasis and alveolar edema were found in small number of lung tissue. Compared with LPS group, epinephrine ameliorated the lung pathological injury. ( 3 ) Compared with LPS group,serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 significantly decreased ( P <0. 05 ) , whereas IL-10 increased ( P <0. 05) in epinephrine group. (4)Compared with LPS group,BALF levels of TNF-α[(78 ± 9)ng/L vs. (102 ±16)ng/L]andIL-6[(268±42)ng/Lvs.(347±50)ng/L]significantlydepressed(P<0.05),whereas BALFlevelsofIL-10[(210±23)ng/Lvs.(146±34) ng/L]elevated(P <0.05) inepinephrinegroup. Conclusion Epinephrine could reduce the acute lung injury caused by LPS. Its protective effect may be re-lated to decreasing the levels of TNF-α and IL-6,elevating IL-10 level.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance tomographic angiography(MRTA) with 3.0T scanner for neurovascular compression in patients with trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm.Methods MRTA using three-dimensional time-of-flight(TOF) sequence was performed in 52 cases with trigeminal neuralgia and 9 cases with hemifacial spasm.MR oblique sagittal and coronal images were created to display the relationship between trigeminal and facial nerves and surrounding vessels,and compared with that of operation MRA showed that.Results In 52 cases with trigeminal neuralgia,the trigeminal nerves were compressed by vessels or contacted with vessels in 46 cases at MRTA,and in 9 cases with hemifacial spasm,all trigeminal nerves showed having vascular compression or in contact with vessels.The accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of MRA in diagnosing trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm caused by vascular compression were 90.2%,96.4% and 80%,respectively,which compared with that of operation.Conclusion MRTA is sensitive to neurovascular compression,which plays an important role in diagnosing trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm.

Objective To investigate a simple and efficient fluorescence in situ hybridization method for prenatal diagnosis.Methods Thirty-six cases of chorionic villus samples were hybridized with probes 18/X/Y,13/21 by using traditional cuhure methods and modified three-step methods in controlled experimentation during 2012 to 2013.The hybridization rate and fluorescence signals were analyzed.Results A total of 72 hybrid zone were detected.Probe 21/13 hybridization rate and fluorescence signals of three-step modified methods were higher than that of traditional methods(99.72％ ±0.42％ vs 85.90％ ±4.15％,t =20.4,P ＜0.01; 2.58 ±0.50 vs 1.52 ± 0.55,t =7.53,P ＜0.01).Probe 18/X/Y has the same hybridization rate and fluorescence signals between three-step modified methods and traditional methods (99.57％ ±0.53％ vs99.70％ ±0.42％,t=1.30,P＞0.05; 2.22±0.42 vs2.36±0.48,t=1.57,P＞0.05).The coincidence rate of two methods was 100％ (36/36).Conclusion The modified fluorescence in situ hybridization three-step methods in the study was simple,rapid,effective and environment-friendly.At the same time,it has some defects such as the signals of 18/X/Y was not concentrated enough.Further exploration is needed.

Purpose The diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of benign and malignant biliary stricture are significantly different. This study aims to evaluate the quantitative analysis of biliary structures using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) combined with dynamic contrast enhanced CT (DCE-CT).Materials and Methods The quantitative parameters of MRCP and DCE-CT imaging data from 27 patients with benign biliary stricture (benign group) and 30 patients with malignant biliary stricture (malignant group) were retrospectively analyzed. The wall thickness, stricture length and diameter, proximal ductal dilatation and degree of enhancement in two groups were compared, and its correlation was analyzed to evaluate the accuracy of MRCP and DCE-CT.Results There were significant differences in wall thickness [(3.2±2.0) mmvs (2.1±0.6) mm], stricture length [(15.8±8.1) mmvs (9.5±6.5) mm] and diameter [0 mmvs (2.0±0.9) mm], proximal ductal dilatation and the degree of enhancement [(12.7±3.6) mmvs (9.3±2.7) mm] between the two groups (t=2.825, 3.270, 4.025,P<0.001;Z=-3.909,P<0.001). Multivariable stepwise regression analysis showed that the wall thickness and diameter, and the CT HU in portal venous and equilibrium phases combined with CT plain scanning were significant predictors of malignant biliary strictures (t=-6.424-2.309,P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, inter-modality agreement and Youden index of MRCP and DCE-CT in diagnosing 57 patients with biliary stricture were 96.67%, 100.00%, 98.25% and 0.97, respectively; with statistical significance in predicting benign and malignant biliary stricture (AUC=0.994,P<0.001).Conclusion Using MRCP and DCE-CT, the wall thickness and diameter of the stricture, and the difference in CT HU in portal venous and equilibrium phases combined with CT plain scanning are valuable in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant biliary stricture.

Objective To study the clinical effect of continuous central venous pressure monitoring and select a better method for central venous pressure momtoring. Methods Continuous central venous pressure wag monitored by connecting pressure sensor to central venous catheter in 56 patients with open heart operation.At the same time routine monitoring method was used in the same central venous vein of the saine patient The CVP values from the two methods were compared for 100 times and analyzed the difference.Results The VCP values of the two groups had no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Conclusions Continuous monitoring by pressure sensor had advantages such as continuous data,dynamic,direct-viewing,Veracious and decreased chance of infection.It could reduce the workload of nurses and possessed more clinical value compared with routine monitoring method.

Objective To explore the curative effect of local oxygen therapy in combination with external application of Houfengsan and vitamin AD mixture in the treatment of red breech. Methods 100children with red breech were divided randomly into the treatment group and the control group with 50 cases in each group. The treatment group was treated with direct local oxygen blowing for 10～15 minutes and applying mixture of Houfengsan and vitamin AD, the control group was treated with 3% zinc oxide unguent.The treatment effect and cure time were compared between the two groups. Results The total efficient rate of the treatment group was 100% ,which was higher than that of the control group. The cure time of the treatment group was (3.92±0.98) days ,and (6.66t1.46) days in the control group, and the difference was significant between the two groups. Conclusions Local oxygen blowing with external application of mixture of Houfengsan and vitamin AD is easy to accept by children, safe, economical and simple to operate. It is an effective method to treat red breech.

OBJECTIVETo determine the origin of two prenatally detected small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs).

METHODSThe sSMCs were analyzed with combined G-banding, C-banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and single nucleotide polymorphisms array (SNP-array) techniques.

RESULTSIn case 1, G-banding analysis has identified a 47,XY,+mar karyotype. Affymetrix CytoScan 750K Array scan has suggested arr 15q11.2q12(22 770 421-26 604 587)?, while FISH analysis suggested 47,XN,+mar.ish i(15)(q12)(D15Z1+,SNRPN++,PML-). In case 2, G-banding analysis has suggested 46,X,+mar/46,XY, FISH analysis showed two SRY hybridization signals, indicating 46,X,i(Y)(p10)/46,XY.

CONCLUSIONMultiple techniques needed be applied for verification of the origin of sSMCs identified in prenatal diagnosis.

Adult ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Banding ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Prenatal Diagnosis

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prenatal diagnosis procedure for a 45,X male fetus. METHODS: A 31-year-old women underwent amniocentesis due to a moderate risk of trisomy 21. The fetal cells were subjected to chromosomal karyotyping, BACs-on-Beads (BoBs) assay, chromosomal microarray analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Combined analyses revealed that the whole of Yp has translocated to 21p, which yielded a fetal karyotype of 45,X,dic(Y;21)(q11;p11).ishdic(Y;21)(SRY+,CEPY+;CEP21+). CONCLUSION BoBs and modified N-banding method are helpful for the diagnosis of 45,X male fetus with Yp translocation.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of BACs-on-Beads (BoBs) for the practice of prenatal diagnosis. METHODS: The results of chromosomal karyotyping and BoBs of 1773 prenatal samples were compared. Microdeletions and microduplications detected by BoBs were subjected to chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) with informed consent from patients. RESULTS: BoBs has detected 46 cases of common aneuploidies involving chromosomes 13, 18, and 21, and 16 cases involving X and Y chromosomes. For 4 fetuses with normal results by BoBs, karyotyping analysis of amniotic fluid sample suggested low percentage mosaicisms (< 20%). BoBs has detected none of the 9 common microdeletions, but 14 male fetuses with Xp22 microdeletions and 5 with other microdeletions/microduplications. In 10 cases, the couples had chosen CMA verification, and the results were all consistent. CONCLUSION As a rapid diagnostic technique, BoBs has a high accuracy for common aneuploidies, and is capable of discovering certain chromosome microdeletions and microduplications. The difficulty lies in the inability to detect low proportion mosaicisms and the consultation following detection for male fetuses carrying Xp22 microdeletions.