Humans ; Hemangioma, Cavernous/diagnostic imaging* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Objecfive To observe the effect of high thoracic epidural block(HTEB)for preventing myocardial isehemia(MI)in pailents with coronary heart disease undergoing upper abdominal surgery. Methods Twenty patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery were randomly divided into two groups:M group(treated with HTEB,10 patients)was given both general anesthesia and HTEB and patient controlled epidural analgesia(PCEA)after operation and C group(without HTEB.10 patients)was given only general anesthesia and patient controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)after operation.The hemodynamies.ECG changes and serum troponin I and myoglobin and ereatine-kinase isozyme,the analgesia efficacy in M group were compared with those in C group.Results The hemodynamics in M group Was more stable than that in C group(P＜0.05).ComparedwithMgroup,thetotalnumberofST-segment depression attracheal extuba- tion moment and 10 hours after operation were significantly increased in C group(P＜0.05).The positive rates of Serum troponin I and creatine-kinase isozyme at 10 hours and 24 hours after operation in C group were much higherthan those in M group(P＜0.05).The an~tgesia effect in M group Was superiortothat in C group (P＜0.05)Conclusion The HTEB combined with general anesthesia may reduce mvocardial is- chemia in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing upper abdominal surgery.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of XPG down-regulation gene expression towards the proliferation of epithelial ovarian cancer cells and its chemosensitivity to platinum.Methods The small interference RNA ( siRNA ) -XPG fragments were designed and tranfected into SKOV3/DDP cell lines by lipofectamine transiently for choosing the best siRNA-XPG fragment to silence XPG gene expression.The pGPU6/GFP/Neo vector was used to construct the siRNA-XPG vectors,which was transfected into SKOV3/DDP cell line with expression of XPG gene.Real-time PCR and western blot were employed to confirm the silencing efficacy of siRNA-XPG.The growth curve of cells,cell cycle,the drug-resistance index of cells and intracellular drug concentration were measured by 4-methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT),flow cytometer (FCM) and high performance liguid chromatograph respectively.Results( 1 ) Real-time PCR results showed that XPG mRNA expression copy number in SKOV3/DDP tranfected with siRNA-XPG-733 fragment was 1.050 ± 0.023,which was significantly lower than that in SKOV3/DDP tranfected with other siRNA-XPG fragments(P ＜ 0.05,respectively),and was chosed to construct the siRNA-XPG vectors.The XPG mRNA expression was down-regulated in short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-XPG-733-SKOV3/DDP cell lines that confirmed by western blot.( 2 ) The growth curve showed that growth velocity of shRNA-XPG-733-SKOV3/DDP cell lines was lower than that of shRNA-GAPDH and shRNA-NC cell lines( P ＜ 0.05,respectively).The results of FCM also showed that 34.0％ of cells in shRNA-XPG-733-SKOV3/DDP cell lines were in S + G2/M phase,while only 58.7％ and 51.3％ in shRNA-GAPDH and shRNA-NC cell lines respectively ( P ＜ 0.05,respectively).( 3 ) The drug-resistance index of shRNA-XPG-733-SKOV3/DDP cell lines [ 50％ inhibiting concertration( IC50 ):( 13.79 ± 0.06) μg/ml ] was lower than that in shRNA-GAPDH and shRNANC cell lines [ IC50:( 27.84 ± 0.34 ) μg/ml and ( 28.32 ± 0.42 ) μg/ml,respectively ] statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05,respectively) ; but there was not statistically significant difference in intracellular drug concentration between shRNA-XPG-733-SKOV3/DDP cell lines [ (0.026 ± 0.005 ) μg/ml ] and shRNAGAPDH [ (0.024 ± 0.003 ) μg/ml ] and shRNA-NC cell lines [ ( 0.025 ± 0.007 ) μg/ml ] after treated by cisplatin in vitro ( P ＞ 0.05,respectively ).Conclusion The down-regulating of XPG gene resulted in slowing growth velocity and descending the drug-resistance index of shRNA-XPG-733-SKOV3/DDP cell lines,which may be related with descending in capability of DNA excision repair in cells.

Objective To develop a fluorescence signal activatable multifunctional molecular probe with theranostics function through combining ultrasmall gold nanorods(UGNRs) with fluorescein,and to evaluate its therapeutic effect on photothermal therapy (PTT) in breast cancer cells.Methods The UGNRs were synthesized by the one-pot seedless method,then the functionalized modification of UGNRs were conducted using cysteamine.Finally,the activatable ultrasmall gold nanorods (AUGNRs) were synthesized by amide condensation of —NH2 of cysteamine and —COOH of carboxylated fluorescein CyS.The cell uptake ability and GSH-mediated imaging ability of AUGNRs were studied using breast cancer 4T1 cells.4T1 cells co-cultured with AUGNRs were irradiated with 808 nm excitation light,and the PTT effects were assessed by MTT colorimetric staining and calcein-AM/PI staining.Results The AUGNRs were synthesized successfully,which could be uptaken by 4T1 cells quickly and efficiently,and could achieve intracellular glutathione (GSH) triggered fluorescence recovery.No obvious cytotoxicity of AUGNRs to 4T1 cells was observed in the co-cultivation.Moreover,obvious PTT effects could be induced by 808 nm laser,which could effectively kill 4T1 cancer cells.Conclusion The fluorescence signals of AUGNRs can be induced by intracellular GSH,and tumor cell destruction can be achieved by 808 laser-excitated PTT effects.

Objective To investigate the change and clinical significance of serum hepcidin,serum ferritin (SF),transferrin re-ceptor (sTfR)and serum iron (SI)in patients in type 2 diabetes(T2DM).Methods 130 patients with T2DM were divided into 2 groups according to the 24 hour urine microalbumin (mAlb)quantitative:group A for trace microalbumin group 45 ca-ses (mAlb30~300 mg/24 h),group B for normal albuminuria group of 85 cases,an alternate period of 45 cases of healthy physical examination for group C (control group).Results Serum hepcidin and SF of group A (42.27±32.12 ng/ml,211.6 ±107.2 ng/ml)were significantly higher than those in group B (26.12 ± 18.36 ng/ml,179.1 ± 109.7 ng/ml)and the healthy control group (P <0.05),hepcidin and SF of group B was significantly higher than that of the control group (9.47 ±1.65 ng/ml,84.41±47.10 ng/ml,P <0.01),SI and transferrin receptor(sTfR)has no statistical significance between the three groups (P >0.05).Correlation analysis showed that patients with type 2 diabetes hepcidin was positively related with SF (P <0.05),hepcidin and sTfR,SI had no significant correlation.Conclusion These results indicated that there existed serum hepcidin and SF increased iron overload and iron metabolism disorder in type 2 diabetes.Therefore,detection of serum iron and SF can be used as a predictor of diabetes early renal damage.

Objective To explore the features of high-frequency ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).Methods The CEUS data and ultrasound data of 147 PTMCS which were reconfirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively,and the CEUS and ultrasonic characteristics of them were summarized.Results Among 147 nodules,144 (97.9％) nodules were hypoechoic,and 3 nodules were isoechoic.Vague edge was found in 136(92.5％) PTMCs,and 126(85.7％) PTMCs were irregular in shape.Totally 92(62.6％) PTMCs were A/T ＞ 1,microcalcifications were found in 81 (55.1％) PTMCs.Besides,26(74.2％) PTMCs were found microcalcification in 35 PTMCs combined with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT),while 55 (49.1％) PTMCs were found microcalcification in 112 PTMCs combined with HT.There were significant differences between them (P ＜ 0.05).The blood distribution of 129 (87.8％) nodules was type Ⅱ.The contrast-enhanced pattern of 147 (100.0％) PTMCs showed in-homogeneous enhancement in 144 (97.9％) nodules,hypoenhancement in 136(92.5％) nodules,and all the nodules without amicula.Conclusions The typical PTMCs are hypoechoic,irregular shapeand vague edge,usually were found as A/T ＞ 1,microcalcification,and type Ⅱ blood distribution.With the method of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography,these nodules usually without amicula showed inhomogeneous and hypoenhancement.The incidence of microcalcification is more common when patients with Hashimoto's disease coexisting PTMC.

Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for the majority of liver cancer. Hepatectomy is one of the most important treatment methods, but the high postoperative recurrence rate is the leading cause of treatment failure, which seriously reduces the long-term survival rate and reduces quality of life. Therefore, preventing the recurrence of liver cancer is an important part of treatment. At present, there is no standard program for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma to prevent recurrence after surgery, most of the treatment programs include transarterial chemoembolization, antiviral therapy, traditional Chinese medicine treatment, targeted therapy, immunity therapy, etc., which has certain clinical significance in preventing recurrence. This paper reviewed the research progress on preventing recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery, which may provide guidance for the clinical study.

Objective To identify potential serum biomarkers specific for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Eighty-one patients wilh hepatitis B-related HCC and 80 healthy controls were randomly divided into a training set (48 HCC,47 controls) and a testing set (33 HCC,33 controls).Serum proteomic profiles were measured using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-offlight mass spectroscopy (SELDI-TOF-MS).A classification tree was established by the Biomarker Pattern Software.Candidate biomarkcrs were separated by HPLC and identified by MA1DI-MS/MS and database searching.Forty-eight patients with HCC,54 cirrhotic patients and 42 healthy subjects were clinically validated using candidate biomarkers by SELDI-Immunoassay.Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed to observe GRO-1 and Thrombin in 55 HCC tissues and 13 normal hepatolage tissues.Results Two up-regulated protein peaks were automatically chosen as a classification tree in the training set.These biomarkers were identified as thrombin light chain and CXC chemokines ligand 1 (GRO-1).The sensitivity and specificity of this classification tree were 89.6％.The multivariate model using the two biomarkers and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) resulted in a sensitivity of 91.7％ and specificity of 92.7％,which was significantly better than AFP alone.The mRNA expression of GRO-1 and Thrombin were found in all HCC tissues.There were significant associations between GRO-1 gene expression and some clinical and pathological findings such as metastasis and recurrence (P＜0.05).Significant differences of 5-year survival rates wee observed among subgroups according to the expression of GRO-1 (P＜0.05).There were significant associations between Thrombin gene expression and some clinical and pathological findings such as recurrence and AFP (P＜0.05).Significant differences of 5-year survival rates were observed among the subgroups according to the expression of THROMBIN (P＜0.05).A positive correlation was found between GRO-1 and Thrombin (r=0.73,P＜0.01).Conclusion Thrombin light chain and GRO-1 are potential biomarkers of HCC.The expression of GRO-1 in HCC tissues was a valuable indicator in estimating metastasis and recurrence in HCC patients.

Objective:To compare structure and function of mite Der f 3,Der p 3 and Eur m 3.Methods: Obtained mite allergens amino acid sequences from the International Union of Immunological Societies nomenclature database .Then physiochemical characterization,sequence alignment,secondary structure,three dimensional (3D) structure and epitopes of three proteins were analyzed by bioinformatics methods.Results:According to results of alignment ,Der f 3,Der p 3 and Eur m 3 displayed 88.51%sequence iden-tity.Der f 3,Der p 3 and Eur m 3 all contained three active sites and two trypsin functional domains ,which showed high identity of amino acid residues.Active sites of three proteins ,which closing to each other in three dimensional (3D) structure,constituting the active center of the enzyme.Secondary and 3D structure of three proteins all contains α-helices,β-sheets and random coils.Epitopes analysis revealed that Der f 3,Der p 3 and Eur m 3 all have 5 main potential epitopes located in random coils.Epitope sequences of Der f 3,Der p 3 and Eur m 3 overlapping in three domains (peptides of 79-81aa,129-135aa and 172-174aa),but the residues in these three domains were not identical.Conclusion:These studies lay the foundation for biochemical and genetic analysis of these 3 allergens,and may contribute to vaccine development for allergen-specific immunotherapy.

BACKGROUND:Ideal osteochondral tissue-engineered scaffolds should be able to mimic the normal structure ofhuman articular cartilage. OBJECTIVE:To prepare a layered osteochondral composite scaffold based on the anatomical and physiological functions of osteochondral articular cartilage and to observe its repair effect on osteochondral defects in rabbits. METHODS:The poly (lactide-glycolide acid)/β-tricalcium phosphate organic solution was sprayed on the surface of cartilage scaffold using rapid prototyping technology. The layered osteochondral composite scaffold was formed by the“dissolving-adhesion”process. Sixty rabbits were enrol ed, modeled into left knee articular cartilage defects, and then randomly divided into three groups. The layered osteochondral composite scaffold and cartilage scaffold were implanted into experimental and control groups, respectively. Those without any treatment served as controls. Gross and histological observations of the defect region were performed at 12 and 24 weeks after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Gross observation:At 12 weeks after implantation, the defects in the control group were obvious and not repaired at al;the 24-week defect area was decreased, covered by newly formed tissues, but with rough surface. In the experimental group, the defect surface was flat after 12 weeks of implantation, the texture was soft, and the boundary with the surrounding tissues was unclear;at 24 weeks, the defect was covered with transparent cartilaginous tissues and the surface was smooth. Histological observation:At 12 weeks after implantation, the irregular cal us appeared in the control group, but the trabeculae were not formed;in the experimental group, the thickness of the new cartilage was similar with that of the normal cartilage and there was irregular trabecular bone under the cartilage. After 24 weeks of implantation, there were new tissues in the control group, but the thickness was irregular and uneven and the trabecular structure was irregular;while the cartilage surface was smooth and repaired wel in the experimental group. In contrast, repair effect in the control group was poor as assessed by gross and histological observations. These results show that the layered composite scaffold holds a similar structure with human articular cartilage and can promote the repair of articular cartilage defects.