Objective To explore the relationships between the quantitative parameters for contrastenhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and arteries in neoangiogenesis.Methods One hundred and fifteen HCCs in CEUS were analyzed off-line with dynamic vascular curve of ImageArena and immunohistochemical stained in the tissue slices.Parameters including maximum of intensity(IMAX),rise time(RT),time to peak(TTP),mean trasit time corresponding to the center of gravity(mTT) ,rise slope(RS) and washout time(WT) were analyzed by statistics.Unpaired arteries(UAs)of 82 HCC cases were succesfully stained.Results The number of UAs had moderate correlation with RT (r = - 0.446),TTP (r = - 0.432) and RS (r = 0.431) (P ＜ 0.05),and it had mild correlation with IMAX (r = 0.303) ,WT (r = 0.285) (P ＜0.05).Conclusions Neoangiogenesis is a functional adaptation to altered vascular dynamics.Quantitative parameters of CEUS,reflecting hemodynamics of tumors,are correlated with UAs.

Methyl (S)-4-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-hydroxybutanoate (DZ2002) is a potent reversible inhibitor of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH). Due to its ester structure, DZ2002 is rapidly hydrolyzed in rat blood to 4-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-hydroxybutyric acid (DZA) during and after blood sampling from rats; this hampers accurate determination of the circulating DZ2002 and its acid metabolite DZA in rats. To this end, a method for determining the blood concentrations of DZ2002 and DZA in rats was developed by using methanol to immediately deactivate blood carboxylesterases during sampling. The newly developed bioanalytical assay possessed favorable accuracy and precision with lower limit of quantification of 31 nM for DZ2002 and DZA. This validated assay was applied to a rat pharmacokinetic study of DZ2002. After oral administration, DZ2002 was found to be extensively converted into DZA. The level of systemic exposure to DZ2002 was significantly lower than that of DZA. The apparent oral bioavailability of DZ2002 was 90％–159％. The mean terminal half-lives of DZ2002 and DZA were 0.3–0.9 and 1.3–5.1 h, respectively. The sample preparation method illustrated here may be adopted for de-termination of other circulating ester drugs and their acid metabolites in rodents.

Objective: To explore the characteristics of executive function of developmental dyslexic children and the relationship with social adaptability, in order to provide a scientific basis for promoting healthy development of developmental dyslexic children. Methods: From June to September 2023, 85 students in the developmental dyslexia group, 85 students in the biological agematched group and 85 students in the reading levelmatched group were selected from the third to sixth grades of two elementary school in a region of Xinjiang by cluster random sampling method. Their executive function was assessed by the Stroop procedure, the 2-back procedure and the numerical conversion procedure, respectively, and their social adaptive ability was assessed by the Social Adaptation Scale for Children and Adolescents. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the differences in executive function and social adjustment among the three groups, and Pearsons correlation was used to analyze the relationship between executive function and social adjustment in developmental dyslexic children. Results: Children in the developmental dyslexia group had lower correctness on the Stroop colorword task (0.72±0.21), the 2-back task (0.32±0.13), the digitswitching task (0.54±0.16) and the total score of social adjustment (165.39±31.36) than children in the biological agematched (0.80±0.19,0.38±0.11,0.61±0.15,181.71±31.85) and reading levelmatched group (0.79±0.17,0.35±0.07,0.58±0.15,175.71±27.48) (F=4.54,5.05,4.97,6.31,P<0.01). The inhibition (Stroop colorword task correct rate) and conversion subcomponent (digitswitching task correct rate) of the executive function of children in the developmental dyslexia group were both positively correlated with their social adaptive ability (r=0.34,0.43), and the refreshing subcomponent of the executive function (2-back task correct rate) was negatively correlated with their social adaptive ability (r=-0.27) (P<0.05). Conclusions Children with developmental dyslexia have executive function deficits and social maladjustment, and their executive function is related to social adjustment. Measures should be taken to improve the executive function of developmental dyslexic children and to improve their social adaptation.

Objective: To explore the relationship between parenting style and emotional behavior problems in children with development dyslexia (DD), so as to provide reference for family support and intervention measures. Methods: From June to September 2023, 201 children in DD group and typically developing matched by age and sex were selected from the students in grades 3-6 of 4 primary schools in a district of Xinjiang by random cluster sampling method. The Childrens Version of the Parenting Style Scale and the Strength and Difficulty Scale were administered, and the occurrence of childrens emotional behavior problems and parentingstyles in the two groups were compared by Chisquare test and Wicoxon rank sum test. The correlation between parents parenting styles and childrens emotional behavior problems was analyzed by generalized linear regression. Results: The detection rates of emotional behavior problems were 45.77% in DD group and 15.42% in normal control children group. The differences in parenting styles between fathers and mothers of the DD group and the normal control group were statistically significant in terms of emotional warmth, parenting anxiety, and overprotection (Z=4.02, 29.03; 4.94, 26.32; 23.47, 5.30, P<0.05). Generalized linear regression analysis showed that father affective warmth was positively correlated with emotional symptoms, hyperactivity, peer interaction problems and prosocial behaviors (β=0.08, 0.05, 0.05, 0.09, P<0.05). The emotional warmth of mothers in DD group was negatively correlated with emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity and peer interaction problems (β=-0.18, -0.08, -0.07, -0.08, P<0.05). Conclusions Parenting style is an important factor affecting the emotional behavior problems of DD children. Improving parenting style can reduce the occurrence of emotional behavior problems of DD children.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of lymph node fine-needle aspiration (FNA)Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-DNA concentration detection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cervical lymph node metastasis.Methods From August to December 2016,36 cases of NPC and 9 cases of other tumors (not correlated with EBV infection) were enrolled in this study at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center.All patients received magnetic resonance images (MRI),plasma and cervical lymph node FNA EBV-DNA detection.Results The median concentration of EBV-DNA in FNA fluid (1.39 × 105 copies/ml) in cervical lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in plasma (2.00 × 103 copies/ml),with a significant difference (x2 =16.723,P =0.004).The diagnosis sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of the lymph node FNA fluid of EBV-DNA were 86.2％ (25/29),71.4％ (10/14) and 81.4％ (35/43) respectively,which were better than those of MRI [72.4％ (21/29),50.0％ (7/14) and 65.1％ (28/43) respectively] and plasma EBV-DNA [55.2％ (16/29),71.4％ (10/14) and 60.5％ (26/43) respectively].The area under the curve (AUC) of level Ⅰ b cervical lymph node metastasis was calculated,and FNA fluid EBV-DNA (AUC =0.688)was better than MRI (AUC =0.583),with a significant difference (Z =2.476,P =0.008).The EBV-DNA concentration in FNA fluid in cervical lymph node metastasis of patients with other tumors (no correlated with EBV infection) was 0 copy/ml.Conclusion FNA fluid EBV-DNA may improve the diagnostic sensitivity of cervical lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma,and help to explore the clinical target volume neck nodes at level Ⅰ b cervical lymph node in radiotherapy.

Inflammation-associated proteinase functions are key determinants of inflammatory stromal tissues deconstruction. As a specialized inflammatory pathological process, dental internal resorption (IR) includes both soft and hard tissues deconstruction within the dentin-pulp complex, which has been one of the main reasons for inflammatory tooth loss. Mechanisms of inflammatory matrix degradation and tissue resorption in IR are largely unclear. In this study, we used a combination of Cre-loxP reporter, flow cytometry, cell transplantation, and enzyme activities assay to mechanistically investigate the role of regenerative cells, odontoblasts (ODs), in inflammatory mineral resorption and matrices degradation. We report that inflamed ODs have strong capabilities of matrix degradation and tissue resorption. Traditionally, ODs are regarded as hard-tissue regenerative cells; however, our data unexpectedly present ODs as a crucial population that participates in IR-associated tissue deconstruction. Specifically, we uncovered that nuclear factor-kappa b (NF-κB) signaling orchestrated Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)-induced matrix metalloproteinases (Mmps) and Cathepsin K (Ctsk) functions in ODs to enhance matrix degradation and tissue resorption. Furthermore, TNF-α increases Rankl/Opg ratio in ODs via NF-κB signaling by impairing Opg expression but increasing Rankl level, which utterly makes ODs cell line 17IIA11 (A11) become Trap⁺ and Ctsk⁺ multinucleated cells to perform resorptive actions. Blocking of NF-κB signaling significantly rescues matrix degradation and resorptive functions of inflamed ODs via repressing vital inflammatory proteinases Mmps and Ctsk. Utterly, via utilizing NF-κB specific small molecule inhibitors we satisfactorily attenuated inflammatory ODs-associated human dental IR in vivo. Our data reveal the underlying mechanisms of inflammatory matrix degradation and resorption via proteinase activities in IR-related pathological conditions.
Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism* ; Minerals/metabolism* ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Odontoblasts/metabolism* ; Osteoclasts/metabolism* ; RANK Ligand/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism*