Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children aged 8 to 10 in both costal and non-costal areas of Rizhao city Shandong province,and provide a basis for scientific supplementation of iodine.Methods In 2009 and 2010,townships of Lanshan and Donggang were chosen as survey points which situated close to the coast,the counties of Wulian and Juxian that were more than 50 kilometers away from the coast were selected as controls.The iodine concentration of drinking water in every village and water supply point was determined.At the county level,5 to 9 towns were selected according to their sub-area positions of east,west,south,north and center,4 villages were selected in each chosen township,8 - 15 households were selected in each chosen village,edible salt from the households was collected; 5 primary schools were selected in each chosen township,60 students aged 8 - 10 were selected to take thyroid examination in each chosen school.Twenty copies of urine samples were collected from the 60 students to detect the iodine concentration.Iodine in drinking water was tested by cerous sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry,in iodized salt by direct titration,in urine by arsenic-cerium contact method,and thyroids were examined by palpation.Results Totally 3483 copies of drinking water samples,1164 copies of edible salt samples,and 476 copies of urine samples were tested,and a total of 1200 children aged 8 to 10 were investigated; and the ratio of water iodine frequency distribution ≤ 10 μg/L (in costal and non-costal area) accounted for 90.03％ ( 1011/1123 ) and 91.10％ (2150/2360),respectively,the medians of water iodine were 5.6 and 4.2 μg/L,respectively; the iodine medians of edible salt were 29.03 and 29.99 mg/kg,respectively; the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were 96.77％ (569/588) and 97.05％ (559/576),respectively; total goiter rates were 1.17％(7/600) and 1.33％(8/600),respectively; the medians of urinary iodine were 144.05 and 159.15 μg/L,respectively; the percentages of urinary iodine that bellow 100 μg/L were 26.58％ (63/237) and 22.59％ (54/239),respectively; between 100 - 300 μg/L were 66.75％ (158/237) and 64.02％ (153/239),respectively;above 300μg/L were 6.75％ (16/237)and13.39％ (32/239),respectively.ConclusionsThe costal of Rizhao is an iodine deficient area.The current popularity of household's consumption of qualified iodized salt is suitable.The levels of iodine nutrition of children aged 8 to 10 is appropriate,which met the national standard of elimination of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).There is no iodine excess.There are no significant differences in levels of iodine nutrition between costal and non-costal areas on the premise that the same iodized salt is supplied in both the areas,and there is no need to make differentiated supply of iodized salt.

Objective To investigate the effect of Janus kinase2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (JAK2/STAT1) signaling pathway on acute kidney injury induced by liver cold ischemia reperfusion (IR) in rats.Methods Thirty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 220-250 g,were assigned randomly to 3 groups (n =10/group):sham operation group (Sham group);liver cold ischemia reperfusion model group (I/R group);JAK2 kinase inhibitor AG490 group (AG490 group) (AG490 at dose of 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected 30 min before establishment of the model).Other groups were given the equal volume of normal saline at the same time points.Then the rats were sacrificed at 6 h after reperfusion (at 6 h after the end of operation in Sham group).The renal function and oxidative stress level were observed.The pathological changes of the renal tissues and nephritic cell apoptosis were analyzed,and the expression of p-JAK2,pSTAT1,Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by Western blotting.Results As compared with Sham operation group,renal histological lesion and renal dysfunction were aggravated,level of oxidative stress and apoptosis rate were increased in I/R group,the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was decreased and the expression of pJAK2 and p-STAT1 was up-regulated.As compared with I/R group,AG490 dramatically attenuated histological lesions and oxidative stress,restored the renal function,and reduced the number of apoptotic tubular epithelial cells.AG490 significantly increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio,and inhibited the expression of p-JAK2 and p-STAT1.Conclusion Blockage of JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway can alleviate acute kidney injury after liver cold ischemia reperfusion probable through inhibiting the oxidative stress and apoptosis.

?AIM: To evaluate the effects on recovering of corneal wound and postoperative discomfort of different methods for primary pterygium.?METHODS: Forty-seven cases ( 60 eyes ) of primary pterygium were excised under microscope with limbal epithelial transplantation, with sharp dissection ( 24 cases, 30 eyes, Group A) and blunt dissection (23 cases, 30 eyes, Group B).All cases were followed up for 1d to 1mo.?RESULTS: The recovering of corneal wound was better in Group B on 1st day and 3rd day after surgery.Pain, photophobia and tears, foreign body sensation were more serious in group A on 1st day after surgery with a statistically significant difference (P=0.005,0.015,0.012). Pain, photophobia and tears, foreign body sensation were more serious in Group A on 3rd day after surgery with a statistically significant difference ( P=0.019,0.018, 0.015).There was no statistically significant difference on 1wk and 1mo after surgery (P>0.05).? CONCLUSION: Compared with sharp dissection, primary pterygium excised with blunt dissection can significantly improve recovering of corneal wound and postoperative discomfort.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative brain injury in pediatric patients undergoing living-related liver transplantation.Methods Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅲ or Ⅳ pediatric patients of both sexes,aged 5-12 months,weighing 5-10 kg,were divided into dexmedetomidine group (group D,n =20) and control group (group C,n =20) using a random number table.After induction of anesthesia,dexmedetomidine was infused in a loading dose of 1 μg/kg for 10 min followed by a continuous infusion of 0.3 μg · kg-1 · h-1 in group D.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C.Immediately before skin incision (T1),at 30 min of anhepatic phase (T2),at 1 h of neohepatic phase (T3),immediately after peritoneum closure (T4) and at 24 h after operation (T5),the blood samples were collected from the central vein to detect the concentrations of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100β protein in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Postoperative delirium was assessed at 1 day after surgery using Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scale.At 1 day before surgery and 1 week after surgery,the Mental Development Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index were recorded using Bayley Scale of Infant Development Ⅱ.Results The concentrations of serum NSE and S-100β protein were significantly higher at T2-5 than at T1 in the two groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group C,the concentrations of serum NSE and S-100β protein were significantly decreased at T2.5,and the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scale score and incidence of delirium were decreased after surgery in group D (P＜0.05).The MDI and Psychomotor Development Index were significantly lower at 1 week after surgery than at l day before surgery in the two groups (P＜0.05).The MDI was significantly higher at 1 week after surgery in group D than in group C (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce postoperative brain injury in pediatric patients undergoing living-related liver transplantation.

Background: Creatine transporter (CRTR) deficiency is the most common creatine deficiency syndrome, of which the final diagnosis relies on mutation in the X-linked CRTR gene. To date, more than 90 mutations in the SLC6A8 gene have been reported. This paper discusses a novel mutation detected via the thorough sequencing of all the X-chromosome-specific exons investigated in a four and a half year old boy with an intellectual disability, speech and language delay and motor disturbance. Methods: A brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) were carried out, the creatine and creatinine concentrations in the urine were checked and all exons were sequenced. Results: A detailed clinical investigation revealed a reduction in the cerebral creatine levels in the brain by the MRS, elevated creatine and creatinine concentrations in the urine and signal abnormalities in the left frontal cortex of the brain by the MRI. A novel change was identified in the heterozygosity of the exon 10: c.1395-c.1401 deletion. Conclusion: The use of a combination of powerful new technologies, such as thorough exome-nextgeneration sequencing and a brain MRS, should be considered, in order to determine any neurometabolic diseases, especially when the signal abnormalities in the brain MRI cannot be explained by any other factors. This mutation results most likely in a dysfunction of the creatine transport and synthesis, hence causing central nervous system symptoms.
Carrier Proteins

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Carcinoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To analyze the adverse drug reactions (ADR) during the standardized treatment of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-PTB), and to evaluate its impact on treatment outcomes.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 305 MDR-PTB patients.Medical records of clinical treatment and laboratory examinations were collected, and the ADR data were analyzed.Chi-square test or Fisher exact test was used for discontinuous variables, and t test or non-parametric test was used for continuous variables.Results Among 305 MDR-PTB patients , 282 (92.5%) had at least one ADR.The major ADR were gastrointestinal reaction (46.9%), thyroid dysfunction (41.3%), hypokalemia (34.1%), renal injury (29.8%), hematological system impairment (21.6%), hepatotoxicity (19.0%), arthralgia or courbature (11.1%), and ototoxicity and vestibular dysfunction (8.5%).Sex, age, native place, the history of using second-line TB drugs or the history of diabetes mellitus had no significant effect on the incidence of ADR (all P>0.05).As per the Naranjo causality assessment of ADR, 34 patients had definite, 236 had probable, 12 had possible and 0 had doubtful causal relations.Among the 282 cases with ADR, 175 (62.1%) patients continued the original treatment regimen, 89 (31.6%) patients changed or stopped ADR-related drugs, only 18 (6.4%) cases stopped MDR-PTB treatment.The episodes of ADR had no significant effect on the treatment outcomes (P>0.05).Conclusions Although ADR are common in MDR-PTB patients during the treatment course, most of the ADR can be managed.Through timely monitoring and appropriate treatment of ADR, most of the patients could continue MDR-PTB treatment.

This article provides the possible mechanism of acupuncture-moxibustion repair of gastric mucosal injury from central regulation and puts it forward that the nucleus of solitary tract is the primary regulation center for the injury repair and has the effect of collecting and integrating information. In addition, it is put forward that neural regulation is a main regulatory mechanism for the injury repair and besides, endocrine, immune and humoral regulations participates in the modulation and gastric mucosal repair involves a composite regulatory mechanism in which the central nervous system, neuroendocrine-immune network and neurohumoral regulation take part.

The immune system as an important defense system of the body, bear the resistance to foreign pathogens invasion, removal of foreign heterogeneity, and protect the body's safety. Modern research shows that tonic Chinese medicine, including single herband compound formula, has the function of improving immune organ index, enhancing immune cellfunction and affecting the immune molecule production and secretion. This article will review the effects of traditional Chinese medicine on immune organs, immune cells and immune molecules, and provide reference for the clinical research of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To study the mRNA expression of HS1-associated protein X-1(Hax-1),an an- ti-apoptosis genc,in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)of patients with systemic lupus erythe- matosus(SLE),and further investigate the roles and significance of Hax-1 in the pathogenesis of SLE.Meth- ods Generation of longer cDNA fragments from serial analysis of gene expression(SAGE)tags for gene identi- fication(GLGI)was applied to identify the gene Hax-1 according to the Long SAGE tag.Then reverse tran- scription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)technique was used to semiquantitatively analyze mRNA ex- pressions of Hax-1 in PBMC from 34 active SLE patients and 25 healthy subjects.Results Compared with healthy controls,there was significant difference between SLE patients in the active stage and the normal controls(Z=-4.556,P＜0.01).The average level of mRNA expression in active SLE group was higher than that in healthy controls.Significant difference was found between the group with mild SLE and either the moderate or the severe one(P＜0.01).Conclusion The mRNA expression level of Hax-1 in active SLE group increase markedly,and to some extent,it is related to the activity of SLE.This provides a valuable basis for the further study on the role of apoptosis in SLE.