Objective To study the effect of juvenile non-incarcerated oblique inguinal hernia on the development of testis and spermatic cord.Methods The volume of the testis was measured with B-ultrasound in normal and patient children.All patients were surgically treated and the spermatic veins were examined during operation.The patients were followed up for measuring the testicle volume at 3 months,6 months and 6 ～ 12 months after operation.Results Testicle volume on healthy side was larger than the involved side in patient group (P ＜ 0.05).There were still obvious differences between the two sides after 6 months(P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference was found after 6 ～12 months (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Non-incarcerated oblique inguinal hernia has effected on the spermatic cord and testicles,which need timely treatment.

BACKGROUND:Local administration of anti-tuberculosis drugs is a commonly used therapy. Due to the rapid absorption, the drugs cannot have the durable therapy effect; therefore, it is necessary to seek an optimal carrier material for the agents. OBJECTIVE:To review the new development for the carrier materials of anti-tuberculosis drugs. METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed and VIP databases was performed by the first author to search articles related to sustained-released anti-tuberculosis drugs published from January 1990 to December 2014. The key words were osteoarticular tuberculosis; anti-tuberculosis; sustained-released drugs in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Inorganic materials (calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate), polymer materials (polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polylactic-co-glycolic acid) and biomaterials (protein, glutin, alginates, chitin, demineralized bone matrix) are the main three kinds of carrier materials for anti-tuberculosis drugs. These carrier materials have their own advantages and disadvantages, which cannot be the optimal carrier materials. However, the complex of these materials is a promising technology for the optimal carrier materials in the future.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the nosocomial infection circumstance in the acute cerebral vascular accident(CVA) in recently two years,and explore the risk factors of nosocomial infection,so that can obtain the methods of controlling the infection.METHODS An restrospective analysis of nosocomial infection circumstance had been accomplished among 656 acute CVA cases from our department ward from Jul 2004 to Jun 2006.RESULTS It was showed cases with nosocomial infection were found among 656 cases.The nosocomial infection rate was 32.67% among inpatients of acute CVA.Nosocomial infection mostly took place within the first 2 weeks after patients hospitalized.Among inpatients with nosocomial infection,the lower respiratory tract infection was the highest(59.15%),the second one was the urinary tract(16.90%).Pathogenic bacteria were mostly the conditional ones.Nosocomial infection was closely related with such factors as the invasive operation,disorder of consciousness,diabetes,age,chronic bronchitis,antibiotic prophylaxis,hospitalization days,and plasma total protein.CONCLUSIONS Nosocomial infection is still a high frequent complication in acute CVA and those related factors should be paid attenion.It is the most important step for the effective control of nosocomial infection and rehabilitation of acute CVA.

Objective To investigate the inhibition effects of different antihistamines on the expressions of chemokines and cytokines released by nasal polyps in vitro.Methods The fresh nasal polyps resected under endoscope from the patients admitted to our hospital were cultured with mizolastine,cetirizine,loratadine,fexofenadine,dexamethasone,or ciclosporin A respectively for 24 h,with the addition of histamine and arachidonic acid.The total RNA of polyps was obtained and purified with tripure isolation reagent.The mRNA expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),monocyte chemoattractant protein-3(MCP-3),regulated on activation,normal T cell expressed and secreted(RANTES),eotaxin were analyzed by RT-PCR.The concentrations of interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5 and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)in cultured supernatant was detected by ELISA.Results The MCP-1 mRNA expression in nasal polyps treated by mizolastine was weaker than those by loratadine and fexofenadine;the MCP-3 mRNA expression by mizolastine was weaker than those by cetirizine and loratadine;the RANTES mRNA expression by mizolastine was weaker than those by loratadine and fexofenadine;the eotaxin mRNA expression by mizolastine was weaker than that by cetirizine(all P

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of probiotic products on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate(ANIT) induced intrahepatic cholestasis of rats.Methods Seventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group(n=8),intoxication group(n=32) and intervention group(n=32).After 3 days adapted feeding,all rats received a single intragastric administration of ANIT(200 mg/kg) to induce acute intrahepatic cholestasis.Probiotics[4.2?108/(kg?d)] was given to intervention group 2 days before ANIT was administrated.After ANIT was given,biliary flow,alanine aminotransferase transaminase(ALT),total bilirubin(TB) and gastrointestinal hormone were recorded in every 48 h till 192 h.SPSS 12.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results 1.Forty-eight hours after ANIT was gavaged,the biliary flow of intoxication and intervention groups were lowered while ALT and TB were increased.But the above observation items of intoxication group were more significantly altered than those of intervention group.Then,they all recovered gradually.Those of intervention group returned to nearly normal levels 144 h after ANIT was gavaged while those of the intoxication group recover at 192 h.2.After ANIT was gavaged,MTL of intoxication and intervention groups was lowered while vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) increased.But the above items of intoxication group were more significantly altered than those of intervention group.Then,they all recovered gradually and the intervention group was much more early to returned to normal levels than the intoxication group at 192 h.Conclusions Probiotics can promote the bowel movement through increasing the secretion of gastrointestinal hormone,then relieve the cholestasis.

Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; etiology ; microbiology ; Mycosis Fungoides ; etiology ; Prescription Drug Misuse ; Substance-Related Disorders ; complications ; Young Adult

Tumors are believed to consist of a heterogeneous population of tumor cells originating from rare cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, emerging evidence suggests that tumor may also originate from non-CSCs. To support this viewpoint, we are here to present definitive evidence indicating that the number of tumorigenic tumor cells is greater than that of CSCs in tumor, and tumor can also derive from non-CSCs. To achieve this, an idealized mathematical model was employed in the present study and theoretical calculation revealed that non-CSCs could initiate the occurrence of tumor if their proliferation potential was adequate. Further, experimental studies demonstrated that 17.7%, 38.6% and 5.2% of tumor cells in murine B16 solid melanoma, H22 hepatoma and Lewis lung carcinoma, respectively, were potentially tumorigenic. Thus, based on the aforementioned findings, we propose that the scarce CSCs, if exist, are not the sole source of a tumor.

Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Occupational Medicine

Tamoxifen(TAM)is an important therapeutic strategy for the treatment of estrogen receptor(ER)-positive breast cancer.However,tamoxifen resistance is a major cause of endocrine therapy failure.The potential mechanism of TAM resistance is multifactorial and most of them are still unknown.This review presents recent advances in the mechanism of TAM resistance in breast cancer,providing valuable information and ideas for elucidating the mechanism of tamoxifen resistance and overcoming drug resistance.

Through introducing the current situation of systemic pediatric emergency protocol,including five-level triage system,pediatric critical rescue protocol,pediatric trauma life support,emergency observation and guidelines for the pediatric intrahospital transport,we reviewed the issues of pediatric emergency to put forward recommendations.