OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects between arthroscopic medial retinaculum plication and plaster external fixation for the treatment of acute patellar dislocation.

METHODSFrom February 2006 to October 2012,29 patients with acute patellar dislocation were divided into two groups: operation group and non-operation group. The patellar dislocation duration was 2 weeks. In operation group, there were 7 males and 10 females, with an average age of (16.2 ± 6.2) years old, and the patients were treated with arthroscopic medial retinaculum plication. In non-operation group, there were 5 males and 7 females,with an average age of (16.3 ± 5.0) years old,and the patients were treated with plaster external fixation. The Kujala scores, patellar tilt angle measured on CT film, apprehension test and recurrence rate of patellar instability were observed before and 1 year after treatment.

RESULTSIn operation group, the pre-treatment and post-treatment patellar tilt angles had no statistical difference, but the post-treatment Kujala score was lower than that of pre-treatment; while in non-operation group, the post-treatment patellar tilt angle was larger than that of pre-treatment, and the post-treatment Kujala score was lower than that of pre-treatment. At 1 year after treatment, the patellar tilt angle (21.2 ± 5.3) of patients in non-operation group was larger than (13.5 ± 3.5) of operation group, and the Kujala score 73.3 ± 10.5 of patient in non-operation group was lower than 84.1 ± 5.6 of operation group.

CONCLUSIONDuring 1 year after operation, arthroscopic medical retinaculum plication is a more effective treatment for acute patellar dislocation compared with plaster external fixation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthroscopy ; Case-Control Studies ; Casts, Surgical ; Child ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; Humans ; Male ; Patellar Dislocation ; surgery ; therapy ; Patellar Ligament ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

AIM: To evaluate visual outcome and wearing times in eyes fitted with a rigid gas permeable contact lenses and to assess the role of these lenses in therapeutic contact lens practice.METHODS: Patients fitted with RGP from May 2004 to December 2005 were retrospectively reviewed. Ocular diagnosis,flat and steep curvatures by corneal topography. The data included initial base curve, power, and the number of changes made in parameters during the follow-up. The outcome data included visual acuity and the duration of follow-up and lens wear. Complications and complaints were also noted.RESULTS: Forty-Three eyes of 25 patients had keratoconus were reviewed. The mean age of patients was 19.88 ±3.11years. 26 (60.5%)eyes achieved 20/20 visual acuity;15(34.9%) eyes achieved 20/25 to 20/40; and 1 (2.3%) eyes achieved 20/50 to 20/70. 37 (86.0%) eyes achieved visual improvement. No infection or neovascularization was noted; a corneal abrasion occurred in one eye.CONCLUSION: RGP may be a better alternative in selected patients with keratoconus rather than penetrating keratoplasty.

The international NGOs have been playing an important role in global health governance, and also represent a channel for countries to exert international influence. However, the Chinese NGOs are not actively in-volved in global health so far. This purpose of this paper is to analyze and show the picture of the social and political context of NGOs in China, to learn from the experience of emerging global health-related NGOs through describing their development, provides a strategy for China to support NGO participation in the global health governance, and to put forward recommendation on how to develop China’s global health NGOs based on experiences from international counterparts. The results of this paper found that China has a better international environment, which is a beneficial opportunity for the country to engage in global health governance. Domestic social NGOs are developing progressive-ly, while they are still being harnessed by political safety considerations, for example being affiliated to public admin-istrative system and policy orientation development. However, this would possibly not obstruct health-related NGOs for its minimal political relevance as it is oriented at professionalism, i. e. specialization, public service attributes and relevance to public governance. Therefore, health-related NGOs can have more support from governments since their number is relatively small, with less foundation ( they are undeveloped) and less participation in international cooper-ation ( they lack international involvement) . International experience indicates that supports from governmental enti-ties represent a backbone of the emerging institutions in the participation into the global health programs. The author suggests that the Chinese government should establish a specific global health development strategy of “prioritizing and improving the whole” and setting up the global development strategy in the county. The government should attach more importance to the government-owned and affiliated and private-capital-supported (social elites) NGOs, guide and subsidize them to the international stage, to engage intensely in global health.

The global health system is undergoing dramatic reforms, which would further bring about signifi-cant changes in key global health stakeholders. As a key actor and decision maker in global health system, NGO owns extensive experiences in global health governance and can provide a systematic experience for China’s participa-tion in global health decision-making as a reference model. This paper aimed at studying the roles of NGOs in the field of global health, the roles which can be summarized in four aspects of advocacy, implementation, support, and community mobilization. In addition, NGOs also developed some potential risks and unexpected impacts on global health governance. As represented by some typical examples, there occurred conflicts of interests between some NGOs and the local governments. A number of local health systems suffered from a considerable brain drain of health personnel to NGOs, especially the health officials and technical staff, which weakened the country’s health workforce and system. The financing model driven by external donors could weaken the influences and capacity of local govern-ments on health planning. As a key member involved in global health, we that suggested China and Chinese NGOs should strategically and rationally borrow their experiences and try to avoid these risks.

The International Foundations have invested large sums of funds to participate in global health gov-ernance and greatly contributed to the promotion of global health. The foundations have extensive experience in the management of global health projects. Based on the nature of the foundation and its structure in the government, this paper compares the management methods of project management, project selection, project planning, project imple-mentation, project follow-up, project evaluation and project completion in two stages of the Gates Foundation and Global Fund. It summarizes the project management features, provided references for China participating in global health governance.

NGOs play an important role in global health governance, and have become the key partners of World Health Organization ( WHO) , European and American governments. The goal of the sustainable development of the United Nations also proposes to strengthen NGOs as global health governance partners. Taking WHO, the Unit-ed States and Britain as case examples, this study reviewed the NGOs positioning and cooperation in their global health strategies. The results found that these entities explicitly define the roles of NGOs and strengthen cooperation in their global health strategies to expand their influence in the field of global health. Results also found that WHO, US and UK have given NGOs a clear positioning, that is, they have strengthened the mutual cooperation ( partner-ships) in the same way of expanding their influence in the field of global health for China’s global health strategy de-velopment referred to those NGOs. Therefore, China should incorporate NGOs into the global health strategy, estab-lish NGOs management and cooperation mechanism and define their roles and make it an important complement to global health. China should also strictly select international NGOs to cooperate with and strive to nurture and support Chinese NGOs to participate in global health programs set by the Government, formulate the cooperation list and neg-ative list for NGOs, and at the same time strengthen the supervision and audit to avoid possible risks of NGOs.

OBJECTIVETo explore the performance patterns of reaction point Jingtong in balance acupuncture through multi-center and big-sample clinical investigation. Methods The Jingtong points of balance acupuncture on healthy side and affected side were observed among 230 cases of cervical spondylosis and scores of self-discomfort in reaction point, color of skin, changes of skin, morphology of subcutaneous tissue and abnormal pressing pain were recorded. The software SPSS 15.0 was applied to statistically analyze the recorded scores.

RESULTSAmong 230 cases, the reaction point appeared in 226 cases, accounting for 98. 3%. Among the 226 cases who had reaction point, the total score of symptom and sign was (1.08+/-1.09) on the healthy side and (0. 84+/-1. 36) on the affected side, which had statistical significance (P<0. 01); score of self-discomfort in reaction point was (0. 76 +/-0. 83) on the healthy side and (0. 40+/-0.80) on the affected side, which had statistical significance (P<0.01); the score of skin color was (0.10+/-0.36) on the healthy side and (0. 03+/- 0. 19) on the affected side, which had statistical significance (P<0. 05); the score of abnormal pressing pain was (2. 47+/-2. 46) on the healthy side and (1. 39+/-2. 37) on the affected side, which had statistical significance (P<0. 01).

CONCLUSIONThe total score of symptom and sign of reaction point Jingtong on the healthy side is higher than that on the affected side, indicating positive reaction of Jingtong on the healthy side has specificity for cervical spondylosis. When patient has cervical spondylosis on either side of neck, the other side will have anomaly in Jingtong.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Pain ; therapy ; Spondylosis ; therapy ; Young Adult

Non-governmental organizations ( NGOs) are playing an increasingly significant role in global health governance. This study selected ten key NGOs that play an important role in global health affairs and summarized the tools employed by NGOs participating in global health governance, including nine dimensions:“Generating informa-tion and evidence/intelligence”, “Cooperation ( Partnerships )”, “Participation”, “Consultation”, “Transparen-cy”,“Organizational adequacy/system design”, “Formulating policy / strategic direction”, “Responsibility” and“Regulation”. Four types of NGOs including Operational, Supportive, Advocacy and Integrated ones presented com-monness and their priorities in the selection of tools to participate in global health governance. Meanwhile, China should strive to nurture local NGOs, which should pay attention to“Transparency”,“Participation” and“Cooperation ( Partnerships)”.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical characteristics, surgical procedures and prognosis of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

METHODSThe clinical data of 18 GIST patients, collected from 1995 to 2004, were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThe lesions of duodenal GISTs mainly located in the descending duodenum (13/18), unusually in the horizontal part (2/18), ascending part (1/18), and the bulb (2/18). Pathological examination revealed 1 case of benign tumor, 2 cases of borderline tumors and 15 cases of malignant tumors, Microscopically, the tumors were composed of spindle cells (14 cases), epithelial cell (1 case), and mixed cell types (3 cases). The clinical manifestations were non-specific, mostly was melena (7/18), as well as abdominal pain (6/18), fullness (5/18), and anemia (3/18). The diagnoses were performed by upper gastrointestinal radiography, gastroscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography and CT scan. All of the 18 patients received surgical treatment, including 9 pancreaticoduodenectomies, 5 local resections, 3 segmental resections of duodenum, and 1 distal subtotal gastrectomy. 1 and 3 year survival rates were 100% and 86.7% respectively.

CONCLUSIONMost duodenal GISTs are malignant, and the choices of surgical procedures are mainly determined by the location and size of the tumors.

Adult ; Aged ; Duodenal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Both market research and literature reports both found that the ootheca of mantodea was all used as medicine. However, Chinese Pharmacopoeia only records the ootheca of three mantis species. The clinical use of ootheca unrecorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, will pose potential risks to drug safety. It's urgent to identify the origin of Mantidis Oötheca. The current researches about original animal in Mantidis Oötheca are based on morphology and unanimous. DNA barcoding fill gaps of the traditional morphological identification, which is widely used in animal classification studies. This study first use DNA barcoding to analyze genetic distance among different Mantidis Oötheca types, align COI sequences between mantis and Mantidis Oötheca and construct the phylogeny tree. The result confirmed that Tenodera sinensis and Hierodula patellifera were the origin insects of Tuanpiaoxiao and Heipiaoxiao, respectively, and Statilia maculate and Mantis religiosa were the origin insects of Changpiaoxiao.
Animals ; DNA ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; Electron Transport Complex IV ; genetics ; Insect Proteins ; genetics ; Mantodea ; classification ; genetics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phylogeny