Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal injection of siRNA targeting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on neuropathic pain and spinal cord levels of TLR4, IL-1β, and TNF-α in rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI). Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): the sham group (intrathecal normal saline, IT NS), CCI group (CCI+IT NS), mismatch siRNA group (CCI+IT mismatch siRNA), and siRNA-TLR4 group (CCI+IT siRNA-TLR4). The lumbar intrathecal catheters were implanted in rats and CCI models were established as previously described. The TLR4 siRNA were administered intrathecally for 7 days starting from 1 day before surgery. The spinal cord expression of TLR4 mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR. Levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in spinal cord were detected by ELISA. The thermal and mechanical nociceptive thresholds were assessed by paw withdrawal latency (PWL) to radiant heat and von Frey filaments. Results Compared with the sham group, animals in CCI group had significantly lower mechanical and thermal pain thresholds, higher expression of TLR4 mRNA and levels of IL-1β, TNF-α in the spinal cord (P<0.05). Rats in the siRNA-TLR4 group had significantly higher mechanical and thermal pain thresholds (at 1, 3, and 7 days after ligation, P<0.05) and significantly lower expression of TLR4 mRNA and levels of IL-1β, TNF-α in the spinal cord compared with those in the CCI group and mismatch siRNA group(P<0.05). Conclusion Intrathecal injection of siRNA-TLR4 can decrease the levels of inflammatory factors by silencing the TLR4 in the spinal cord of rats, and subsequently relieve the neuropathic pain induced by CCI.

Objective To investigate the effects of 25‐hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] status on the pregnancy outcome in the second and third trimester pregnant women living .Methods A total of 143 pregnant women (12 -42 weeks gestational age) were participated in the study .Their serum 25(OH)D concentrations were detected by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry method .Finally ,vitamin D status was assessed according to sufficiency group(n= 32) ,inadequacy group(n= 49) ,insufficiency group(n=51) and deficiency group(n=11) .Retrospective analysis were adopted to follow up the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women .Results (1)The average serum 25(OH)D level was(22 .49 ± 9 .51)ng/mL in the second and third trimester of pregnancy . (2)Abortion rate were 3 .1% (1/32) in sufficient group ,2 .0% (1/49)in inadequacy group ,11 .8% (6/51) in insufficiency group , 36 .4% (4/11) in deficiency group ,fetal distress incidence were 3 .1% (1/32) ,8 .2% (4/49) ,11 .8% (6/51) ,36 .4% (4/11) in each group .Abortion ,fetal distress rate were higher in deficiency group compared with the other three groups(P<0 .05) .(3)Bacterial vaginosis incidence were 0(0/32) ,4 .1% (2/49) ,13 .7% (7/51) ,27 .3% (3/11)in each group ,deficiency group and insufficiency group were higher(P<0 .05) .(4)Otherwise ,the gestation period were (39 .48 ± 1 .44) weeks in sufficient group ,(39 .00 ± 1 .70) weeks in inadequacy group ,(38 .09 ± 2 .01) weeks in insufficiency group ,(37 .29 ± 0 .49) weeks in deficiency group ,pregnancy cycle was significantly shorter when 25(OH)D<20 .00 ng/mL (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women could increase the risk of abortion ,fetal distress ,bacterial vaginosis ,and significantly shorten the gestation period .

Tenascin and CD34 expression in 35 cases of human glioma with different degrees of malignancy were studied by immunohistochemistry and hybridization in situ,and their correlation analysis was conducted based on their postoperative follow up results. The expression of tenascin and microvessel density (MVD) varied with the degree of tumor cell differentiation,the higher tumor grade was,the higher tenascin expression or mvd amount was.The expression of tenascin was closely associated with angiogenesis( P

Objective To explore the rule of early Jun’ expression in craniocerebral gunshot injury and its significance. Methods After a direct shot of the dog′s head with a small calibre rifle, the expression of Jun ′ protein was assayed by immunohistochemistry method at different periods and in different regions, and the water contents and the ultrastructural changes in brain tissue were also observed. Results Nearly no Jun expression was found in cerebral tissues of the control group. However, the Jun expression was first observed begun at 30min postinjury both at the regions of contusion and concussion ( P

OBJECTIVE:To compare the sedative effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam in patients with comprehensive ICU mechanical ventilation. METHODS:74 patients in ICU were randomly divided into dexmedetomidine group (37 cases) and midazolam group (37 cases). Based on mechanical ventilation,dexmedetomidine group received 200 μg Dexmedetomidine injec-tion,dissolving in 48 ml 0.9% Sodium chloride injection,pumped by 1 μg/kg within 30 min,then adjusted to 0.2-0.7 μg/(kg·h) by micropump. Midazolam group received 30 mg Midazolam injection,dissolving in 44 ml 0.9% Sodium chloride injection, pumped by 0.05 mg/kg within 15 min,then adjusted to 0.04-0.20 mg/(kg·h)by micropump. The sedative effects,clinical indica-tors(weaning time,extubation time,time of mechanical ventilation,ICU hospitalization time)and the incidence of adverse reac-tions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:There was no significant difference in the sedative effects(P>0.05);weaning time, extubation time,and ICU hospitalization time in dexmedetomidine group were significantly shorter than midazolam group,the dif-ferences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the incidence of total adverse reactions in dexmedetomidine group was significant-ly lower than midazolam group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Dexmedetomidine show similar sedative effects with midazolam in patients with comprehensive ICU mechanical ventilation,shorter weaning time,extuba-tion time,ICU hospitalization time,and lower incidence of total adverse reactions than midazolam.

Adult ; Atrioventricular Block ; complications ; Cardiomyopathies ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Sarcoidosis ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective A headspace-gas chromatography method was established for determination of methanol in Huox-iang Zhengqi Tincture. Methods Headspace-gas chromatography was performed on a HP-INNOWAX capillary col-umn, with nitrogen as carrier gas and FID as detector. The injector temperature was at 150℃ and the detector tempera-ture was at 200℃ , and temperature programming and split stream sampling were used. Results A good linearity was obtained within the designed range, the average recovery was 98.89 % with the RSD of 1.36 %, which met the correla-tive criterion of China Pharmacopoeia. Conclusion This method is proved to be accurate, and it has a good reproducibil-ity and can be used to determinate the residual methanol in Huoxiang Zhengqi Tincture.

Objective To study the time-toxicity and dose-toxicity relationship of hepatotoxicity induced by Paracetamol Tablets (PT),Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets (CPAH),Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets (CDH),and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules (CQC) with single dose in mice.Methods In the Time-Toxicity relationship study,Kunming mice were randomly divided into control,PT,CPAH,CDH,and CQC group,and mice of.each drug administration group were randomly divided into nine subgroups according to the time (1,2,4,8,12,24,48,72 and 96 h after administration) of blood collection.The acetaminophen contents in PT,CPAH,and CDH groups were 425.98 mg/kg,and the dose of CQC group was 3 680.50 mg/kg.In the Dosage-Time relationship study,mice were randomly divided into control,PT,CPAH,CDH,and CQC high,medium and low dose group.The acetaminophen contents of high,medium,and low dose were 266.24,425.98,and 681.57 mg/kg in PT,CPAH,and CDH group,and the dose of CQC group was 1437.70,2300.31,and 3680.50 mg/kg,10 mice in each group,sex in half.Blood was collected 12 h after administration.Animal behavior was observed every day,blood and organs were collected at the corresponding time points,serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level were detected,and the organs index of spleen and thymus,liver were calculated.Results There were no significant changes of ALT,AST,ALP,and organs index after once ig administration of CQC at dosage of 1437.70 mg/kg to 3680.50 mg/kg in mice.The study on time-toxicity relationship indicated that,after once administration of PT,CPAH,and CDH at 425.98 mg/kg,mice showed toxic symptom such as hypokinesia,dry hair and so on,12 h was the most obvious,24 ～ 72 h disappeared.The level of ALT,AST,and ALP in serum increased and reached to the peak at 12 h and then restored near normality after 72,24,and 24 h in PT,CPAH,and CDH group.Their organ index of liver,spleen and thymus all had no significant changes.The study on the dosage-toxicity relationship indicated that,there were no significant changes of animal behavior,ALT,AST,ALP,and organs index after once ig administration of PT,CPAH,and CDH at 266.24 mg/kg.Obvious liver injury can be induced by the three drugs with dosage of 425.98 to 681.57 mg/kg and the level of ALT,AST,and ALP increased significantly with the increase of dosage.Their liver index increased significantly with dosage of 681.57 mg/kg,but the organs index of spleen,thymus had no significant changes.Conclusion There was no hepatotoxicity after once ig administration of CQC with dosage of 3680.50 mg/kg in mice.Mice were once ig administration ofPT,CPAH,and CDH with a large dose,may induce acute liver injury and show obvious time-toxicity and dose-toxicity relationships.

Objective To study the dose-time-toxicity relationship of hepatotoxicity in mice with multiple administration of Paracetamol Tablets (PT),Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets (CPAH),Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets (CDH),and Chaiqin Qingning capsules (CQC).Methods Mice were randomly divided into control,PT,CPAH,CDH,and CQC high,medium,and low dose groups.The acetaminophen contents of high,medium,and low doses were 266.24,425.98,and 681.57 mg/kg in PT,CPAH,and CDH groups,and the doses of CQC group were 1437.70,2300.31,and 3 680.50 mg/kg,ig administration,once daily for 5 d.General state and toxicity of mice were observed.The changes of ALT,AST,AKP,TBIL,and ALB levels in serum and organ indexes of liver,spleen,thymus,and kidney were tested on day 1,3,7,11,and 14 after multiple administration.Results CQC with the dosage range of 1 437.70-3 680.50 mg/kg to mice within 14 d,has not yet induced the increase of AST,ALT,AKP,TBIL,and ALB levels and changes of organ indexes of liver,thymus spleen,and kidney compared with normal control (P ＞ 0.05).PT,CPAH,and CDH with repeated dose of 425.98-681.57 mg/kg could induce significant increase of the levels ofALT,AST,AKP,and TBIL which reached the peak on day 1 (P ＜ 0.05),and then gradually decreased on day 3-14.The level of ALB significant decreased on day 1-11 (P ＜ 0.05),and then gradually recovered on day 11-14.The liver index significant increased on day 1-3 (P ＜ 0.05),and recovered on day 7-14.Conclusion Multiple administration of CQC could not induce liver injury in mice within 14 d,while multiple administration ofPT,CPAH,and CDH could induce hepatotocixity in mice with a certain dose,and show an obvious dose-time-toxicity relationship.

[Summary] The aim of this study was to examine the association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS ) and microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. We found that severe OSAHS significantly increases the risk of early renal damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with HbA1C<7% ( lowest oxygen saturation:OR=2. 41, 95% CI 1. 19-8. 08; apnea hyponea index: OR=2. 91, 95% CI 1. 50-9. 11), suggesting that OSAHS may increase the risk for early renal damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in those with successful control of glucose.