Objective:To construct a psychological aging scale,and to provide a tool and indexes for scientific evaluation on aging.Methods:The age-related psychological items were collected through literature screening and expert interview.The importance,feasibilityand the degree of authority for the psychological index system were graded by two rounds of Delphi method.Using analytic hierarchy process,the weight of dimensions and items were determined.The analysis for internal consistency reliability,correlation and exploratory factor was performed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scales.Results:By two rounds of Delphi method,17 experts offered the results as follows:the coefficient of expert authorities was 0.88±0.06,the coordination coefficients for the importance and feasibility in second round were 0.456 (P＜0.01) and 0.666 (P＜0.01),respectively.The consistency was good.The psychological aging scale for healthy people included 4 dimensions as follows:cognitive function,emotion,personality and motivation.The weight coefficients for the 4 dimensions were 0.338,0.250,0.166 and 0.258,respectively.The Cronbach's α coefficient for the scale was 0.822,the reliability was 0.817,the content validity index (CVI) was 0.847,and the cumulative contribution rate for the 5 factors was5 1.42％.Conclusion:The psychological aging scale is satisfied,which can provide reference for the evaluation for aging.The indicators were representative and well-recognized.

Objective To observe the improvement of postoperative pulmonary function and oxygen partial pressure during general anesthesia for open abdominal surgery with lung protective ventilation strategies and alveolar recruitment maneuvers. Methods Seventy patients who underwent selective open abdominal surgery were selected, and they were divided into standard ventilation group (tidal volume 8 ml/kg) and protective ventilation group (tidal volume 6 ml/kg, 5 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure, and alveolar recruitment maneuvers, 1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa) according to the random digits table method with 35 cases each. The airway pressure, blood pressure, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2) and adverse reactions were observed. The SpO2, partial pressure of O2 (PaO2) and pulmonary function before surgery and 1, 3, 5 d after surgery were measured. Results The respiratory rate, airway pressure and PETCO2 levels in protective ventilation group were significantly higher than those in standard ventilation group: (12.3 ± 2.1) times/min vs. (10.2 ± 1.0) times/min, (15.1 ± 2.8) cmH2O vs. (13.5 ± 2.3) cmH2O, (34.6 ± 2.1) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (32.1 ± 1.4) mmHg, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The SpO2 in 2 groups was maintained at 0.99. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between 2 groups (P>0.05). The SpO2 and PaO2 levels at 1, 3 d after surgery in protective ventilation group were significantly higher than those in standard ventilation group:0.951 ± 0.018 vs. 0.936 ± 0.016 and 0.964 ± 0.018 vs. 0.949 ± 0.018, (74.8 ± 6.8) mmHg vs. (65.0 ± 6.2) mmHg and (79.6 ± 6.0) mmHg vs. (70.6 ± 5.3) mmHg, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), percentage of the estimated value of FEV1, forced vital capacity (FVC) and percentage of the estimated value of FVC at 1, 3 and 5 d after surgery in protective ventilation group were significantly higher than those in standard ventilation group, the FEV1/FVC at 1 d after surgery was significantly higher than that in standard ventilation group, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions The lung protective ventilation strategy and alveolar recruitment maneuvers can improve the postoperative pulmonary function and oxygen partial pressure during general anesthesia for abdominal surgery. Low vital volume, appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure and recruitment maneuvers can protect the lung in general anesthesia patients.

Jin's three-needle technique is named after Professor JIN Rui. The connotation of Jin's three-needle technique is summarized by his followers through long-term teaching and clinical practice. His principle and method of point combination are based on syndrome differentiation of acupuncture. And his unique needling technique and treating principle of mental tranquilization also play an important role in his clinical practice.
Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Needles

Objective To explore the rehabilitation effect of pelvic floor muscle training combined with traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of mild-moderate pelvic organ prolapse.Methods A prospective ease-control study,choosing 103 patients of mild-moderate pelvic organ prolapse from October 2012 to May 2014 in Maternal and Child Health Hospital Outpatient of Hunan Province,which were randomly divided into study group (52 cases) and control group (51 cases).All of the patients underwent two courses of pelvic floor muscle training,including Kegel exercise,biofeedback,electrical stimulation therapy,the study group combined with traditional Chinese medicine (Buzhongyiqitang) at the same time.The efficacy was analyzed before and after treatment of pelvic floor muscle strength,myoelectric potential and indexing of pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) changes.Results There werent statistically significant differences in type Ⅰ and Ⅲ muscle fiber muscle strength and myoelectric potential of two groups before treatment,while the shrinkage index improved significantly after treatment,and the study group was significantly higher with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The effective rates of POP-Q indexing changes in two groups were 71.2％ and 56.9％,respectively.The effective rate of the study group was significantly higher than the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The clinical efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training combined with Buzhongyiqitang in the treatment of mild-moderate pelvic organ prolapse was significant,and it had a good clinical value.

[Summary] The aim of this study was to examine the association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS ) and microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. We found that severe OSAHS significantly increases the risk of early renal damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with HbA1C<7% ( lowest oxygen saturation:OR=2. 41, 95% CI 1. 19-8. 08; apnea hyponea index: OR=2. 91, 95% CI 1. 50-9. 11), suggesting that OSAHS may increase the risk for early renal damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in those with successful control of glucose.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting the further implementation of national essential medicine system and related policies. METHODS:Hospital information system(HIS),Excel 2007 and SPSS 13.0 software were adopted to statisti-cally compare the changes in equipping the specific varieties of national essential medicines and the differences in the overall use of national essential medicines before and after implementing the National Essential Medicine System (2012 edition)(referred to NEMS,2012 edition) and cancelling drug addition policy in a public hospital in Chengdu. RESULTS:After implementing the NEMS(2012 edition),60 kinds of equipping national essential medicines increased in the hospital,including 38 kinds of chemical medicines and biological products,22 kinds of Chinese patent medicines;compared with before,the percentage of essential medi-cines to prescription drugs,prescription rate of essential medicines,average essential medicine in a single prescription and prescrip-tion rate of all essential medicines were significantly improved(P<0.05). After cancelling drug addition policy,5 kinds of equip-ping national essential medicines increased in the hospital,including 3 kinds of chemical medicines and biological products,2 kinds of Chinese patent medicines;the above-mentioned 4 indexes showed no obvious changes,with no statistical significances (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:After implementing the NEMS(2012 edition)and cancelling drug addition policy,the equipping na-tional essential medicines are still insufficient,some indexes do not meet the requirements of Sichuan Province. It is suggested that the public medical and health institution at county-level should to choose suitable national essential medicines based on its specific situation;strengthen publicity and education,improve the popularity of physicians to national essential medicine system;strengthen the assessment and management of the use of essential medicines for physicians. Meanwhile,the government and the relevant de-partments are suggested to explore more effective and reasonable compensation mechanism to improve the enthusiasm of physicians to use the national essential medicines.

BACKGROUNDRecurrent stroke following a transient ischemic attack or minor stroke is frequent but potentially preventable. The prevention outcome is, by and large, dependent on how well physicians understand and implement prevention guidelines. Yet, little is known about the scope of physicians' awareness and implementation of secondary stroke prevention guidelines in the mainland of China. This study aimed to identify the gaps between physicians' clinical practice and guidelines for secondary stroke prevention in China.

METHODSA nation-wide online survey with a 16-item questionnaire that reflects major components of the Chinese National Secondary Stroke Prevention Guidelines was performed between September 1, 2009 and October 31, 2009.

RESULTSA total of 3489 neurologists from third tier hospitals completed the survey. The percentage of the physicians who were aware of the control targets and prevention measures recommended in the Chinese national guidelines was generally lower than reported for developed countries.

CONCLUSIONSPhysicians in the mainland of China lack sufficient awareness of secondary stroke prevention guidelines. Continuing education is highly recommended.

China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; Male ; Physicians ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires

ObjectiveTo evaluate the potential value of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI)elastography in the characterization of solid liver tumors.MethodsForty-three patients with 56 liver tumors were evaluated with ARFI,which included 21 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),8 patients with metastase,5 patients with cholangiocarcinoma(CCC),and 9 patients with hemangioma.The shear wave velocity of the tumor and background liver parenchyma were calculated,and results were compared with 30 healthy subjects.Statistical analysis was performed on the shear wave velocity for differentiation of normal liver,background liver parenchyma,and tumors.ResultsHCC and CCC had greater stiffness than metastase (P ＜0.05),there were no statistical differences between HCC and CCC (P = 0.179).Malignant liver tumors had significantly greater stiffness than hemangioma and normal liver (P = 0.000).34.5% (9/26) HCC and 33.3% (4/12) hemangioma appeared softer than the background liver.With a cut-off value of 1.5 m/s for the shear wave velocity,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value for malignancies were 79.5%,83.3%,94.5% and 52.6%,respectively.ConclusionsARFI elastography quantification is a promising noninvasive technique for assessing solid liver tumors.Use of ARFI elastography quantification may lead to new quantitative tissue characterization parameters for differentiating hemangioma and malignant liver tumors.

As a new array processing technique, independent component analysis(ICA) is an effective means to resolve the blind source separation(BSS) problem. Based on the brief introductions of ICA theory and algorithm, we apply ICA to the removal of ocular artifacts from EEG recordings. The EEG data collected from the human scalp is actually the mixtures of some independent components. It is coincident with the basic assumptions of ICA. Compared with the traditional methods of artifacts elimination, ICA, a kind of spatial filter, is not restricted by the case of spectrum overlapping, and it has a good reservation of useful detail signals. In addition, the inverse weight matrix of ICA can be used to reflect the topographic structure of different independent sources of EEG.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Electroencephalography ; Eye Movements ; physiology ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective To explore the efficacy of biomimetic physiotherapy in preventing adhesions and promote endometrial repair and growth after Transcervical resection of adhesions ( TCRA) . Methods A prospective case-control study method, from January 2016 to May 2017 in Hunan Maternal and Child Health Hospital underwent TCRA in 92 patients were randomly divided into study (45 cases) and control (47 cases) groups. The patients in the study group were treated with biomimetic therapy after TCRA, and were treated with artificial cycles. Three menstrual cycles were treated continuously. The control group was treated with hormone artificial cycle. The menstrual recovery, ovulation endometrium thickness, uterine ar-tery blood flow resistance index ( RI) and second-look hysteroscopy were observed and compared between two groups before and after 1 course of treatment. Results After 1 course of treatment, the efficiency of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0. 05), and the cure rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0. 05 ) . The endometrial thickness of the study group were increased significantly after ovulation (P<0. 05). The uterine artery blood flow resistance was decreased significantly after treatment in the study group (P<0. 05). Conclusions Bionic physiother-apy can improve pelvic circulation, promote endometrial growth, and prevent the formation of adhesions after TCRA to a certain extent.