Objective To explore the influencing factors of heart failure among patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD).Method Clinical data were collected from the histories of 158 patients receiving CAPD to investigate the factors inducing heart failure for the purpose of finding out the potential independent influencing factors using t test or chi-square test for univariate analyses and logistic regression in multivariate analyses.Results The incidence of heart failure was 36.71%among the enrolled CAPD patients.Single factor analysis showed that level of volume management,age,hemoglobin,serum pre-albumin, cholesterol and c-reactive protein were related to heart failure.Analysis of multiple variables logistic regression revealed that levels of volume management,serum pre-albumin and blood urea nitrogen were related to heart failure.Conclusions It is an easy,effective and cheaper way for nurses to increase patients’ability of volume control.The strategy including remedying malnutrition and decreasing the level of uremic toxins might be effective for delayed exacerbation of cardiac function among CAPD patients.

Qi in TCM is the most essential substance that makes up the body and maintains life activities. All vital substances in the body are transformed by constant motion and changes of qi. Qi in TCM mainly means full of functions. What is the basic material attribute of qi? We don't have a systematic study on it. Therefore, we combined the achievement of modern medicine, and explored further from the origin, functions, pathogeneses, and therapies of mitochondria and qi. Surprisingly, we found out that the origin of mitochondria was similar to that of qi. They are tiny substance constituting the human body. Secondly, the function of mitochondria is similar to that of qi. When the disorder of qi and mitochondria occurs, similar vital signs occur or the same reactions occur. These results suggested that the basic material attribute of qi might be mitochondria.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Mitochondria ; physiology ; Qi

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Danlou Tablet (DT) on arrhythmia model rats induced by transient myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).

METHODSTotally 45 healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, the sham-operation group, the model group, and the DT group, 15 in each group. Rats in the sham-operation group and the model group were administered with distilled water by gastrogavage at the daily dose of 0.1 mL/kg. Rats in the DT group was administered with 0.53 g/mL DT suspension by gastrogavage at the daily dose of 0.1 mL/kg. All medication was lasted for 10 successive days. The myocardial I/R experiment was performed at 1 h after the last gastrogavage. ECG was performed before ligation and at I/R. The jugular arterial blood pressure of all rats was measured during the whole course. ST segment changes were observed at each time point of I/R. The ventricular fibrillation, the premature ventricular, the number and the duration of ventricular tachycardia within 30 min reperfusion were also observed. Activities of Na(+)-K+ ATPase and Ca2+ ATPase in the myocardium homogenate were detected as well.

RESULTSThe jugular arterial blood pressure and the heart rate were slightly lower in the DT group than in the model group, but with no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, the degree of ST segment was obviously elevated in the model group at 0, 5, and 7 min (P < 0.05). It was significantly lower in the DT group than in the model group (P < 0.01). ST seg ment was more elevated at 5 min than at 0 min in the model group, but the degree of ST segment elevation was still obviously lower in the DT group than in the model group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the degree of ST segment elevation at 7 min between the two groups (P > 0.05). At 0 min when the decrement of ST segment exceeded one half the ischemia, there was no statistical difference in the degree of myocardial ischemia between the model group and the DT group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group, the incidence of fatal and nonfatal ventricular fibrillation, the frequency and duration of ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular beats were obviously lessened, and activities of Na(+)-K+ ATPase and Ca(2+)-ATPase increased (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDT could significantly protect arrhythmias induced by transient I/R. Its effect might be related to lowering the degree of myocardial ischemia, and increasing ion transport channel related enzyme activities.

Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; complications ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

According to the course character and training objective, we analyzed the necessity of the experiment teaching reform of microbiology examination . The modules of employable Skills (MES) was applied to the experiment teaching of microbiology examination tentatively. On the basis of the needs of microbiology laboratory jobs, the contents of experimental course were integrated and optimized to skills module , comprehensive training module and application module , which include fourteen study units such as basic techniques of identification of bacteria,the separation and identifi-cation of pathogenic bacteria, microbiology examination of clinical specimen etc. Intensive teaching and multiplex teaching methods were applied to each module according to the module's characteristic, teaching objectives and cognitive rules of students. This teaching reform has achieved initial results.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of human papillomavirus ( HPV) infection and its genotypes in male patients in Zhenjiang area.

METHODSUsing PCR and reverse dot blot hybridization, we determined the genotypes of HPV DNA in 245 male patients at our Clinic of Dermatology and STD.

RESULTSThe total rate of HPV infection was 43.67% (107/245), and 18 subtypes were detected. Among the 107 HPV-positive cases, low-risk, high-risk, and combined high- and low-risk infections accounted for 39.25% (42/107), 38.32% (41/107), and 22.43% (24/107), respectively. The most notable low-risk HPV types were HPV6 and HPV11, and the most notable high-risk HPV types were HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58. The rates of single infection and multi-infection were 53.27% (57/107) and 46.73% (50/107), respectively. One case had the most types, infected with 8 genotypes. No statistically significant differences were observed in the total rate of HPV infection among different age groups (Χ2 = 7.999, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe dominant subtypes of HPV infection in male patients in Zhenjiang area were HPV6, HPV11, and HPV16. The most common subtypes were HPV6 and HPV11 in low-risk infection, and HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58 in high-risk infection.

China ; DNA, Viral ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Papillomaviridae ; classification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Management ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the modified methods and effects of the flaps with nutrient vessels of superficial vein-cutaneous nerve of lower limb which used for repair of the lower extremity soft-tissues defects.Methods Between December 2003 and September 2009, 18 patients were treated with this modified skin flap, in which 11 cases male; 7 cases were female, age from 5 to 73 years.Average age was 45.9 years.Repair parts: 4 cases of dorsal foot, 3 cases of foot, heel in 2 cases, the ankle weeks in 2 cases, calves under 1 / 3 of 7 cases, of which 8 cases of bone exposure wounds, tendons exposed in 3 cases.Surgical repair of soft tissue defect size of about 6 cm×4 cm-22 cm × 10 cm, which retained the donor sural nerve function retrograde sural nerve flap in 4 cases, with a thin layer of muscle retrograde sural nerve flap in 4 cases.Results All the flaps were survived completely without any complications.The appearance and functional results were satisfactory with following up for 3 to 36 months.18 cases of flap were survived completely, primary healing, without any complications such as vein congestion or engorgement.The 4 cases which remains the cutaneous nerve in site had an average recovery time about 13 days of the donor site.The innervated region of the cutaneous nerve had no acroesthesia or dysesthesia.Conclusion This modified operation methods of flap, enhanced the blood support of the flap, impmved the survive rates and also preserved the sensory function of the patients' donor site.This modified flap with nutrient vessels of superficial vein-cutaneous nerve is a convenient and safe method in repairing lower extremity soft-tissues defects.

Objective To explore the effect of the island flap application on repairing large scale defects on the face.Methods Based on the defect size,shape and location,preauricula narrow stem side geny-neck flap,submental island flap,angular artery flap,eyelid musculus orbicularis flap and nasolabial groove island flap were used to repair the large scale defects of the face in a one-stage operation.Results All flaps survived well without any obvious complications.35 patients were followed up for 1 to 36 months.Repaired tissues were well matched with the surrounding tissue.Resulting facial contour and appearance were good,and cosmetic results overall were satisfactory.Conclusion The application of island flaps to repair the large scale defects on the face in a one-stage operation is a better method that can achieve good contour and satisfactory cosmetic results.

Injectable bone tissue engineering scaffold material has a certain form and mechanical strength.It can be loaded with seed cells for injection to the defected site of bone tissue in the form of fluid.After that,structural recovery and functional reconstruction are achieved,and the new bone is formed ultimately.This material has the characteristics of small trauma and good plasticity.It can repair the irregular bone defects and well associate with growth factor,which is the ideal method for repairing bone tissue defects up to now.Among the various injectable bone tissue engineering materials,bioceramic materials,polymer materials,etc.have been proved to have a high biological compatibility and good mechanical properties.That makes these materials become the focus of current research in bone tissue engineering materials.In this paper,the development and application of bioceramic materials,polymer materials,bioceramics and polymer composites were reviewed.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of unilateral placement of plastic stents by ERCP for nonresectable Bismuth type IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods A prospective study was conducted in 42 patients with nonresectable Bismuth type IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma,who had unilateral insertion of plastic stents in the recent 4 years,All of the patients had successful insertion of single plastic stent by ERCP manipulation.Early results (less than 30 days) of procedure-related complications,mortality,long-term results (greater than 30 days) and survival were observed.Results All of the 42 patients had successful drainage.Mean total bilirubin value decreased from (332.3?163.4)?mol/L to (30.6?18.5)?mol/L,and complete resolution of jaundice was achieved in 61.9% (26/42)of the patients.Early comlications included papilla bleeding due to EST in 4 of 42 patients (9.5%) and acute cholangitis in 10 of 42 patients (23.8%).No procedure-related death occurred.All of the patients needed to have their stents replaced periodically,and the median duration up to the first stent replacement was 65 d,and without significant differences between the two groups in stent insertion to the left and right hepatic duct.Median duration of stent patency was 5.15 months,and median patient survival was 6.5 months,but also no significant differences were found between the two groups.Conclusions Unilateral plastic stent insertion is safe and feasible,can achieve adequate drainage for relatively long time,and can improve life quality and survival for patients with nonresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma.