OBJECTIVETo report a case of simple congenital bilateral ejaculatory duct absence (EDA) complicated with seminal vesicle cyst and review the relevant literature in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of a case of bilateral congenital EDA complicated with seminal vesicle cyst, reviewed the relevant literature at home and abroad, and comprehensively analyzed the embryonic development, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital EDA.

RESULTSThe patient was a 23-year-old man, present at the clinic for infertility after married for a year. Vasography and other imaging examinations confirmed simple congenital bilateral EDA complicated with seminal vesicle cyst. Pathologic biopsy showed normal spermatogenic function of the testes.

CONCLUSIONCongenital EDA originates from embryonic developmental defect of the mesonephric duct, and it can be confirmed by vasography. Transurethral incision of the ejaculatory duct and intracytoplasmic sperm injection can be employed for the treatment of bilateral EDA.

Cysts ; complications ; diagnosis ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; abnormalities ; Genital Diseases, Male ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Seminal Vesicles

Objective To analyze the changes of serum total bilirubin (TBil) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) in patients with type 2 diabetes newly diagnosed without complications and explore their relationship with vascular complications of type 2 diabetes.Methods The levels of serum TBil and GGT were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer in 42 healthy person (control group),64patients with type 2 diabetes without complications (diabetes without complications group) and 81 patients with type 2 diabetes with vascular complications (diabetes with complications group).Results The levels of serum TBil and GGT were (7.89 ± 4.81) μ mol/L and (29.81 ± 14.97) U/L in diabetes with complications group.The level of serum TBil was (10.42 ± 3.55) μ mol/L in control group.The levels of serum TBil and GGT were (11.30 ± 4.16) μ mol/L and (47.00 ± 38.57) U/L in diabetes without complications group.The level of serum TBil in diabetes with complications group was lower than that in control group and diabetes without complications group (P ＜ 0.05).The level of serum GGT in diabetes with complications group was lower than that in diabetes without complications group (P ＜ 0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that 24-hour urinary protein excretion,urinary albumin creatinine ratio had negative correlation with serum TBil (P ＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that GGT was the protective factor of diabetic vascular complications (OR =0.965).Conclusion The levels of serum TBil and GGT may be associated with the occurrence and development of vascular lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Acetabulum fracture, the inner fracture of the joint, has be en divided into 10 kinds. Because acetabulum is an irregular body, no single ope ration approach can solve all kinds of acetabular fracture. Appropriate selectio n of the operative approach according to the type of fracture is very important. Kocher-Langenbeck approach, extended-iliofemoral approach and ilioinguinal ap proach are often used in clinic now. Because of its complicated procedures and m any complications resulting from the approach, the application of extended-ilio femoral approach is decreasing. Because of its predominant advantage and improve ment of the operation techniques, the use of ilioinguinal approach is obviously increasing in proportion. Since the united approach can reveal clearly so that i t facilitates reduction and internal fixation, it is recommended by the surgeons at home and abroad.

Objective To establish a rabbit model of facial skin lifting and to evaluate the skin lifting effects of absorbable soft tissue plastic belt, and to provide experimental basis for clinical application of this plastic belt.Methods 36 Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into model control group (n=6) and plastic belt lifting group (n=30). The model control group received only facial skin resection surgery, while the plastic belt lifting group had facial skin resection and plastic belt implantation.The changes of rabbit general status, skin lifting effects, performance of plastic belt and pathological changes of subcutaneous tissue after implantation were determined during the 4 weeks after surgery. Results The rabbit skin wound was healed within 3-7 days after surgery without infection.Meanwhile, the plastic belts did not show shifting or rupture, and only whitening around the perforations was observed in the two groups.Compared with the model control group, the MA and MB distances in the plastic belt lifting group were significantly lower ( P<0.01 ) , while the biological tension of plastic belts in the facial skin lifting rabbit models was significantly increased with the extension of time after implantation (P<0.01), and the biological tension was 18.62 N at 4 weeks after transplantation. In addition, the tensile intensities of perforations and plate in the two groups were significantly reduced at 4 weeks postoperatively (P<0.01), the tensile intensity of perforations and plate in the two groups were maintained at 35.07 N and 53.31 N, respectively, and the perforations/plate tensile intensity ratio of the two groups remained unchanged during 4 weeks after transplantation ( P >0.05 ) .Moreover, the molecular weight ( Mw ) , peak molecular weight ( Mp ) , Z molecular weight (Mz) and viscosity were gradually decreased along with the time passing after implantation (P<0.01), and its dispersion Mz/Mw ratio was also gradually decreased from 2 weeks after implantation (P<0.01), and no obvious pathological changes were found after subcutaneous implantation of the plastic belts.Conclusions We have successfully established a facial skin lifting rabbit model, and the plastic belt can obviously lift the facial skin fascia system and keep intact more than 4 weeks in the body.Therefore, this plastic belt can be applied for anti-wrinkle facial soft tissue lifting against the skin damage caused by aging.

OBJECTIVETo identify the correlation of the volume of residual urine (VRU) with the severity of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and detrusor contractility in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSA total of 152 patients with clinically diagnosed BPH underwent ultrasonography for measurement of the prostate volume and RVU, free uroflowmetry, and urodynamic examination for the severity of BOO and detrusor contractility. Using the software SPSS20. 0, we analyzed the correlation between the ultrasonographic results and urodynamic parameters and compared the two sample means by the t-test.

RESULTSThe prostate volume was correlated positively with BOO severity (r = 0.432, P < 0.01) and detrusor contractility (r = 0.343 , P < 0.01) while Qmax negatively with BOO severity (r = 0.327, P < 0.01) but not significantly with detrusor contractility (r = 0.123, P > 0.05). VRU showed a significantly negative correlation with detrusor contractility when > 150 ml (r = -0.490, P < 0.01), even more significantly when > 300 ml (r = -0.717, P < 0.01), but exhibited no significant correlation with it when ≤ 150 ml (r = 0.041, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONVRU can somehow predict the detrusor function. For patients with VRU > 150 ml, especially for those with VRU > 300 ml, the detrusor function should be evaluated and urodynamic examination is recommended for exact assessment of BOO severity and detrusor contractility.

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle Hypertonia ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; diagnostic imaging ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Urine ; Urodynamics

OBJECTIVETo investigate diagnosis and therapeutic effects of knee joint synovial chondromatosis with arthroscopic.

METHODSFrom March 1995 to July 2011, 28 patients with knee joint synovial chondromatosis were treated. Among them, 18 males and 10 females ranging age from 25 to 81 (mean 55.2) years,the course of disease ranged from 0.5 to 15 (mean 5.6) years. Clinical manifestation mainly included pain, swell and functional limitation of knee joint. Knee open surgery (17 cases) and laparoscopic surgery (10 cases) were respectively used. Clinical symptom,image data,pathological manifestation and effects under arthroscopy were observed, Lysholm scoring was used to evaluate effects.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up except one lost, the duration ranging from 6 to 24 months. Lysholm score in knee open surgery was increased from (41.89 +/- 6.81) preoperatively to (67.73 +/- 7.62) postoperatively;while in laparoscopic surgery it was increased from (40.78 +/- 7.54) preoperatively to (77.46 +/- 8.43) postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONArthroscopic surgery, which has no risk of rupture of incision, nonunion, earlier to exercise, is a good method to diagnosis and treat knee joint synovial chondromatosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chondromatosis, Synovial ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical effects of strategy by stages for preventing respiratory complications of patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury (ACSCI).

METHODSFrom September 2009 to May 2013,the clinical data of 91 patients with ACSCI underwent surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, 42 patients were divided into in-stages group, including 30 males and 12 females with an average age of 50 years old (ranged 28 to 76) which were treated with strategy by stages for preventing respiratory complications; others 49 patients which were not treated with the strategy regarded as control group, including 38 males and 11 females with an average age of 47 years old (ranged 30 to 77). All of them had definite history of trauma, and were admitted to orthopaedics within 48 h after trauma. In in-stages group, respiratory muscle strength training, high-dose ambroxol using and other treatment were performed to prevent respiratory complilcations according to preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative stage. While in control group, there were no systematic and effective measures utilized. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the difference for respiratory complications rate, the rate of tracheostomy or intubation and mortality caused by the respiratory complications between two groups.

RESULTSTen patients developed with respiratory complications in in-stages group (7 patients with pneumonia, 1 with atelectasis and 2 with respiratory failure), among which 3 patients underwent tracheostomy or intubation. In control group, 24 patients developed with respiratory complilcations (15 with pneumonia,3 with atelectasis and 6 with respiratory failure), among which 11 patients underwent tracheostomy or intubation. There was significant difference between two groups (χ2 = 6.12, 4.07; P = 0.013, 0.044). Five patients died because of respiratory complications, one case were in in-stages group and 4 in control group. There was significant difference between two groups (χ2 = l.39, P = 0.238).

CONCLUSIONThe strategy by stages is an effective method for preventing respiratory complications of ACSCI and can reduce the respiratory complications rate and improve the prognosis of respiratory complications.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Cord ; injuries ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; prevention & control ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; prevention & control ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; complications ; Tracheostomy

Objective To study the effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice. Methods Sixty 8-week-old female Kunming mice were divided into four groups at random: a sham operation group (group A), an ovariectomized group (group B), an EMF and ovariectomized group (group C) and a nilestriol and ovariectomized group (group D). Bilateral ovariectomies were performed on all mice except those in group A. The mice of group C were exposured to a 15 Hz, 1.0 mT electromagnetic field. The mice of group D were given at nilestriol 1.5 mg/kg/week. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae was measured before the mice were sacrificed at the 12th week. Blood specimens were collected every two weeks to measure the ac-tivity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the concentration of bone gamma-carboxyglutamic-acid-containing proteins (BGP), calcium and estradiol in the serum. Histological sections were taken to examine and analyze the changes in bone trabeculae in the lumbar vertebrae after 6 and 12 weeks. Results EMF at 15 Hz and 1.0 mT intensity signifi-cantly increased the activity of ALP and the concentrations of BGP and calcium in the serum. In addition, the absorp-tion of bone trabeculae in the lumbar vertebrae was significantly restrained. Conclusions EMF at 15 Hz and 1.0 mT can restrain the development of osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice.

Objective To study the effects of an electromagnetic field (EMF) on the expression of fibro-blast growth factor (FGF-2) and it' s receptor (FGFR-2) mRNA in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro. Methods Rat BMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro. The subcultured cells were divided into different groups to be EMF stimulated at 1.0 mT. The expression of FGF-2 and FGFR-2 mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Different frequencies and durations of 1.0 mT EMF exposure induced FGF-2 and FGFR-2 mRNA expression in comparison to blank controls. The expression of FGF-2 mRNA reached a peak after stimulation at 15 Hz for 10 min, 50 Hz for 60 min and 75 Hz for 30 min. And the expression of FGFR-2 mRNA reached a peak after 30 minutes at all frequencies. At 1.0 mT with 30 min exposure, the expression of FGF-2 mRNA peaked after 50 Hz stimulation, and the expression of FGFR-2 mRNA peaked after stimulation at 75 Hz. Conclusions Moderate EMF stimulation can significantly increase the expression of FGF-2 and FGFR-2 mRNA in rat BMSCs in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effects of an electromagnetic field on the extra-cellularly regulated kinase(ERK)signalling pathway and to determine the impact of electromagnetic activation on osteogenic proliferation and differentiation in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Methods Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured in vitro.The third-passage cells were divided into 4 groups(Control,PD98059,EMF and EMF+PD98059).Western blotting Was used to detect the activation of the ERK signal pathway after exposure to an electromagnetic field.MTT assay Was used to determine the activation of proliferation in the celb in the different groups.The cells' alkaline phosphatase activities were also detected. Results (1)The ERK signal pathway in these rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was activated after exposure to a 15 Hz.1 mT,sine wave form electromagnetic field for 5 min.Activation remained high for at least 1 h.PD98059 can effectively block the activation of the ERK signal pathway.(2)Cell proliferation was promoted after exposure to the electromagnetic field,and this effect could be significantly inhibited by PD98059.(3)Alkaline phosphatase was significantly elevated in these bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after exposure to the electromagnetic field.The activation in the EMF+PD98059 group Was slightly greater than in the EMF group.Conclusion Electromagnetic fields of 15 Hz and 1 mT can activate the ERK signal pathway and alter proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of rats.