Adolescent ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Fibromatosis, Aggressive ; complications ; pathology ; Humans ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; etiology ; pathology

Wingless type protein (Wnt protein) is a group of protein which plays an important role in the process of animal growth and hemopoiesis,the signaling pathway they conducted was called Wnt signaling pathway,and its abnormal activation can lead to many tumors,include lung caner.As a tumor suppressor gene,WIF-1 can restrain the activation of Wnt signaling pathway,which can avoid lung cancer.WIF-l's methylation can downregulate the expression of WIF-1,which can activate Wnt signaling pathway and cause lung cancer.So the detection of WIF-1's methylation may contribute to clinical diagnose of lung cancer,and therapy of WIF-1 's methylation may be one of the treatment metheds of lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) can influence glucose transportation. Although its signal transmission pathway is not certain, it has been confirmed that the pathway is different from insulin. OBJECTIVE: To explore NO signal transmission pathway and the regulatory mechanism for the glucose uptake of skeletal muscle during exercise. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY: Using the keywords of "nitric oxide, signal, glucose", we searched the Pubmed database for the relevant articles about the transmission pathway and its regulation of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle published from January 1996 to November 2007. Meanwhile, the related foreign language books were retrieved manually from national library. Articles about the regulation of NO to muscular blood flow, signal transmission and glucose under exercise stress in human and gnawer were selected. Pathologically related basic studies were excluded. LITERATURE EVALUATION: Sixty related literatures (books) were collected, and 30 were accorded with the inclusive criteria, of which 5 were review articles, 23 were basic researches and 2 were related books. Meanwhile, 20 articles were related to the effects of NO on blood flow regulation and vasodilation, 4 articles and 2 books were related to signal transduction and 4 were about its signaling effect during exercise. DATA SYNTHESIS: NO is a signal molecule. It can mediate various biological phenomenon and displays strong vasodilation effect. The production of NO is increased in vivo during exercise, and NO can stimulate glucose uptake in skeletal muscle through its transduction. CONCLUSION: The generation of NO during exercise has positive effect on glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. The contraction and glucose uptake are closely correlated to the generation and transmission of NO, but the mechanism is still unclear.

Objective　To study the effects of glucose and lipid metabolism on gallstone formation. Methods　Twenty five patients with gallstones and 25 normal volunteer controls were studied from January to April in 1998. The patients were well matched the control with sex and age (1∶1). In the study, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-to-Hip circumference ratio (W/H) were measured. Blood glucose, glucosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), insulin, C peptide and all parameters of lipids were detected at fasting state. The glucose,insulin, C peptide were detected again at 2-hour after taking 75g glucose orally. Results　The result showed there was no difference on BMI and W/H between the patients and controls. HbA1C、mean fasting and 2-hour glucose concentration were not in significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05, P>0.2, P>0.1 respectively). There were 10 patients with abnormal glucose metabolism (7 with NIDDM, 3 with IGT), but only 4 controls were abnoumal (one with NIDDM, three with IGT). The difference was significant (P<0.05). Furthermore, the mean fasting and 2-hour insulin concentration of gallstone group was higher than that of the control (P<0.02, P<0.05). And the gallstone group had a higher fasting C peptide concentration than control (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference on the parameters of plasma lipid between the tow groups. Conclusion　The study suggests that diabetes mellious and hyperinsulinemia acted as an important role on gallstone formation.

Aged ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Epirubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Obesity ; complications ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; etiology ; physiopathology

Abnormalities, Multiple ; physiopathology ; Bronchoscopy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hirschsprung Disease ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Hypoventilation ; complications ; physiopathology ; Infant ; Laryngoscopy ; Male ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Sleep Apnea, Central ; etiology ; Syndrome

Boxing/injuries* ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages

AIM: To compare the effectiveness on 10g/L cyclopentolate and 10g/L atropine on cycloplegia in children before optometry.
METHODS:Eighty eyes of 40 children among 4-12 years old with refractive error were recruited in this study. 10g/L cyclopentolate eye drops were topically administered once per 5min for 3 times and optometry was performed after 45min. Three days after that, 10g/L atropine sulfate eye gel then was used 3 times per day for consecutive 3d and again the refractive diopter was obtained at the 4th d. The differences of the results in retinoscopy refraction were compared between 10g/L cyclopentolate eye drops and 10g/L atropine sulfate eye gel.
RESULTS: Therefraction results of those given 10g/L cyclopentolate eye drops and 10g/L atropine sulfate eye gel were no statistical different in both 4-8 years group and 9-12 years group with myopia (≤-3. 00D) (P=0. 411, 0. 924). The differences of refraction results of both the drugs were significant in 4 - 8 years group with low hypermetropia, medium hypermetropia and high hypermetropia (P=0. 007, 0. 007, 0. 009). No significant difference was found in 9 - 12 years group with low hypermetropia (P= 0. 592), given 10g/L cyclopentolate eye drops and 10g/L atropine sulfate eye gel, but the differences of refraction results of both the ophthalmic preparations above were significant in 9-12 years group with medium and high hypermetropia (P=0. 039, 0. 012).
CONCLUSION:Both 10g/L cyclopentolate eye drops and 10g/L atropine sulfate eye gel have the cycloplegic effects, but their cycloplegic effects are significant different among hypermetropia children. Thus, the reasonable cycloplegic should be chosen according to the specific situation.