Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-αis a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine, which is produced chiefly by acti?vated macrophages. Two forms of TNF-α, soluble and transmembrane, can bind tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) 1 or TNFR2, respectively. Recently, a concept has emerged that TNF-α/TNFR pathway plays an important role in the pathogene?sis of multiple sclerosis and remyelination. TNFR1 induces death of oligodendrocytes via death receptor-mediated apoptosis, which leads to demyelination or other neurodegenerative changes. However, TNFR2 has a positive effect on multiple sclero?sis. It facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, thus promoting remyelination.

Humans ; Mucus ; Nasal Mucosa ; Rhinitis

Objective To validate the accuracy of the revised Atlanta classification (RAC) and the determinant-based classification (DBC) for severity of acute pancreatitis.Methods We retrospectively analysed the clinical data from 192 patients with acute pancreatitis who were admitted to our hospital between January 2014 and October 2014.Using the RAC and the DBC,The duration of total parenteral nutrition,length of ICU and hospital stay,operation rate and mortality were assessed in the subgroups,respectively.Results Fluid collections in and around the pancreas was present in 74 patients (38.5％),pancreatic or peripancreatic necrosis in 51 (26.6％),and infection in 18 (9.4％).On the basis of the RAC,106 patients (55.2％),77 patients (40.1％),and 9 patients (4.7％) were classified to have mild,moderately severe,or severe AP,respectively.On the basis of the DBC,11l (57.8％),62 (32.3％),14 (7.3％),and 5 (2.6％) patients were classified to have mild,moderate,severe,or critical AP,respectively.The different categories of severity for each classification system were significantly associated with the duration of total parenteral nutrition,the length of ICU and hospital stay,the operation rate and mortality.Conclusion Both the RAC and DBC accurately classified the severity of AP and differentiated prognosis in the subgroups of patients.

Objective:To investigate the stability of Zhiling Liumiao oral liquids. Methods: The active ingredients in Zhiling Li-umiao oral liquids were determined by HPLC, and the identification was studied by TLC. Meanwhile, the other indices including char-acter, relative density, pH and microbial limit were determined as well. Results:The active ingredients in Zhiling Liumiao oral liquids could be influenced by strong light, while the changes were within the range of the quality standards, and the samples were stable in the accelerated test and long-term test. Conclusion:The designs of preparation process and package are rational to keep the stability of the preparation. The shelf time may be set at 12 months.

BACKGROUND:Functional changes of some functional genes have been showed to trigger osteoarthritis, among which, age may be a critical one. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis and the research process of silent information regulation 1 in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis. METHODS:A computer-based retrieval was performed in the databases of CNKI, PubMed, SpringerLink, and Elsevier Science Direct using the keywords ofosteoarthritis, silent information regulation 1 and cartilagein Chinese and English, respectively. Finally 83 eligible literatures were enrolled for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Deacetylation modification acts on the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis by regulating the expression and biological function of various cytokines. Silent information regulation 1 cannot only regulate body metabolism, inhibit cellapoptosis, repair DNA injury, delay senescence and resist to stress, but also play important roles in the epigenetic modification, gene silencing and signal transduction. Therefore, silent information regulation 1 is involved in the age-related diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, silent information regulation 1 is likely to be an important target of osteoarthritis drugs, and even reverses mechanical stress-induced cartilage injury in the early stage of osteoarthritis.

0.05). Conclusion CCM is a proper scaffold,on which KC and FB of tympanum maintain satisfactory proliferation and collagen secretion activity.

Objective To understand the body burden and the distribution characters of organochlorine pesticides and residues in non-occupational exposure population. Methods A cross-section study was conducted from Mar. 2004 to Jul. 2004, 107 men and 142 women, who were all healthy community residents, were investigated. Serum DDTs and HCHs level were determined by EC-ECD. The relationship between organochlorine pesticides in serum and age and BMI were analyzed by liner regression. Results Organochlorine pesticides and residues in serum with high detection rate were ?-HCH≥82.2%, p,p'-DDE≥94.4%, p,p'-DDT≥91.6%, and the level of the three organochlorine pesticides in the serum of women was significantly higher than that in men Mann-Whitney Test, P

Objective: To study the effects of Simvastatin on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. Methods: The fourth passage human PDLs were cultured in conditioned mineralization medium with different concentrations of Simvastatin. Proliferation ability was detected by MTT method. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured with 4-nitrophenyl phosphate hexahydrate (PNPP) assay. Results: Proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of human PDLs were increased in all treatment groups with different concentrations of Simvastatin(10-9, 10-8, 10-7, 10-6 mol/L). Compared with control group, significant statistical difference was found in 10-8 mol/L, 10-7 mol/L and 10-6 mol/L groups(P<0.05). The maximum effect was observed at the concentration of 10-7 mol/L. Conclusion: Optimal concentration of Simvastatin can improve the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of human PDLs.

Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on post-stroke insomnia between the low-frequency electric stimulation at the acupoints and the conventional western medication.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty patients of post-stroke insomnia were randomized into a low-frequency electric stimulation group, a medication group and a placebo group, 40 cases in each one. In the low-frequency electric stimulation group, the low-frequency electric-pulsing apparatus was used at Dazhui (GV 14) and Shenshu (BL 23), once a day; the treatment of 15 days made one session and 2 sessions were required. In the medication group, estazolam was taken orally, 1 mg each time. In the placebo group, starch capsules were taken orally, 1 capsule each time. All the drugs were taken before sleep every night, continuously for 15 days as one session, and 2 sessions were required. PSQI changes and clinical efficacy were observed before and after treatment in each group.

RESULTSPitlsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score was reduced in every group after treatment (all P < 0.01). In the low-frequency electric stimulation group and medication group, the score was reduced much more significantly as compared with the placebo group (both P < 0.01). In the placebo group, 1 case was rejected. The total effective rates were 95.0% (38/40), 92.5% (37/40) and 17.9% (7/39) in the low-frequency electric stimulation group, medication group and placebo group separately. The efficacy in the low-frequency electric stimulation group and medication group was better apparently than that in the placebo group (both P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe low-frequency electric stimulation at the acupoints effectively and safely treats post-stroke insomnia and the efficacy of it is similar to that of estazolam.

Acupuncture Points ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Electric Stimulation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; etiology ; therapy ; Stroke ; complications ; Treatment Outcome