Objective: To assess the value of two-dimensional chemical shift imaging magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D CSI 1H-MRS) in diagnosis of ring-enhancing intracerebral lesions. Methods: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging manifestations were analyzed retrospectively in 62 patients with ring-enhancing intracerebral lesions (confirmed by clinical or histopathologic findings), including 20 gliomas, 18 metastatic tumors, 16 brain inflammations, and 8 radiation damages. The appearance rate of lactate (Lac) was analyzed and the concentrations of choline (Cho), N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr) and NAA/Cho, Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr ratios in the enhancing regions were calculated (including the inside of enhancing regions). Results: (1) There was no difference in appearance rate of Lac among the 4 groups. (2) NAA/Cho ratios in the glioma, metastatic tumor, inflammation and radiation damage group were 0.43±0.32, 0.69±0.29, 1.26±0.53 and 0.63±0.34, respectively, with that of the glioma group being significantly lower than those of the other 3 groups (P<0.05). When NAA/Cho ratio is less than 0.4, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRS for high-grade glioma were 80.2%, 77.4%, 71.5% and 89.4%, respectively, all higher than those of MRI, but lower than those of MRI combined with MRS. (3) The concentrations of Cr in glioma, inflammation and radiation damage groups were 0.17±0.05, 0.10±0.05, 0.21±0.08 and 0.21±0.09, respectively, with that of metastatic tumor being significantly lower than those of the other 3 groups (P<0.05). When Cr<0.06, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MRS for metastatic tumor were 81.3%, 81.9%, 74.1% and 90.1%, respectively, all higher than those of MRI, but lower than those of MRI combined with MRS. Conclusion: 2D CSI 1H-MRS is very useful in the differential diagnosis of ring-enhancing intracerebral lesions and the combined application of MRI and MRS has a higher diagnostic value.

Objective To evaluate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI)in the assessment of cervical cancer with different features.Methods A cohort study of 1 56 cervical cancer patients underwent routine MRI and DCE-MRI scanning on 3.0T MR unit.The semi-quantitative parameters from time-signal curve of DCE-MRI were divided into the following groups:1 ) squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.2)different pathologic grades of cervical cancer (G1,G2,G3).3)early stage (FIGOⅠb/Ⅱa)tumor and advanced tumor (FIGOⅡb,Ⅲ and Ⅳ).4)cervical cancer with different lymph node status (no/yes).5)cervical cancer with dif-ferent tumor size (greatest diameter <2 cm,2-4 cm,>4 cm).6)cervical cancer with different age range.Statistical analysis was performed with the data analysis program SPSS and R3.1.1.Results There was a statistically significant difference between the squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma in the SI30s% and Slope,as well as between the tumor FIGO early and advanced stage in TTP and Slope.There was no significant difference among other groups.Conclusion The semi-quantitative parameters from time-signal curve of DCE-MRI can be used to differentiate histologic type and FIGO early/advanced stage of cervical cancer.The diagnostic accuracy may be high for Slope for histologic type differentiation,and the diagnostic accuracy is equal for TTP and Slope in differenti-ation of FIGO early and advanced stage of cervical cancer.

Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of Enterobius vermicularis among preschool children in kindergartens in Luohu District Shenzhen City. Methods A total of 489 children in 6 kindergartens were selected by the stratified sampling method and investigated for E. vermicularis infection by the cellophane anal swab technique. The information of sanitary condition of the kindergartens personal hygiene and family hygiene were investigated by questionnaire. Results The infection rate of E. vermicularis was 10.2% 50/489 . The single factor analysis indicated that the following factors might re?lated to the infection the different classes of kindergartens grades ground of bed room private toilet types of taps and beds bed management education levels of parents frequency of shower and washing anus and washing hands before meal and after WC. The multivariate Logistic analysis indicated that the bed management education level of mothers frequency of washing anus and private toilet were independent risk factors for E. vermicularis infection. Conclusion To control the infection of E. vermicularis the circumstance and management of kindergartens parents knowledge of E. vermicularis infection and chil?dren s healthy habit need improve.

Objective To evaluate the differential diagnostic value of the apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)for the parotid polymorphic adenoma and adenolymphoma. Methods Totally 31 parotid polymorphic adenoma patients and 20 adenol-ymphoma patients confirmed pathologically had their data on diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)analyzed retrospectively with b set as (0, 1 000 s/mm2). The mean values of ADC were obtained by measuring the solid parts for three times, and the difference between ADC values of the two kinds of tumors were analyzed and compared.SPSS 17.0 software was used for data analysis.Results The parotid polymorphic adenoma had the ADC value being(1.55±0.45)×10-3mm2/s,the parotid adenolym-phoma had the ADC value as(1.01±0.35)×10-3mm2/s,and there was statistical difference between the ADC values of parotid polymorphic adenoma and adenolymphoma(P=0.001).Conclusion ADC value is of great value for the identification of the parotid pleomorphie adenoma and adenolymphoma,and thus can be used for the selection of clinical surgical plans.

OBJECTIVETo discuss a new technique about reconstruction of medial collateral ligament (MCL) with double bundle allograft and to evaluate the short-term clinical efficacy.

METHODSAll 53 patients who suffered from valgus instability of the knee were selected. All cases were diagnosed of MCL injury because the medial gap of the knee widened more than 5 mm compared with collateral knee by the stress X-ray, MRI displayed discontinuity of MCL and valgus stress test was positive. All patients were accepted arthroscopic evaluation through inferomedial and inferolateral arthroscopy portal incisions to ascertain whether there were intra-articular injuries. An 8 cm incision was made from 1 cm superior adductor tubercle to 5 cm proximal medial tibia joint line in a longitudinal fashion. The anterior tibia insertion was defined as 15 mm lateral from the medial tibia edge and 45 mm under the medial tibia joint line. The posterior tibia insertion was defined as 15 mm lateral from the medial tibia edge and 20 mm under the medial tibia joint line. We used 5 mm or 6 mm reamer to drill the tibia tunnel along with guide pin, and then drill the femur tunnel with 6 mm or 7 mm drill in the top of the adductor tubercle about 25 mm or 30 mm length. The allograft was pulled into the tunnel from tibia to the femur and fixed with absorbable interference screw. Patients carried out active rehabilitation program after operation. One year after the operation, IKDC score, Lysholm score were used to evaluate the clinical effect.

RESULTSThe IKDC score (A or B, 86.78% vs. 0), Lysholm scores (89.7 ± 3.4 vs. 51.8 ± 4.9, t = -79.724, P < 0.05) were significantly improved compared with preoperative in all patients. Medial joint widened gap decreased from (10.4 ± 2.4) mm preoperative to (2.8 ± 1.5) mm postoperative from X ray and the differences were significant (t = 41.727, P < 0.05). Among these patients, the medial joint widened gap of 46 cases were less than 3 mm, 7 cases were from 3 mm to 5 mm. The range of motion was 135.4° ± 2.5° preoperative and 132.7° ± 3.7° postoperative. The 9 patients still had medial tenderness 1 year after operation.

CONCLUSIONApplication double bundle allograft technique to reconstruct MCL can significantly improve the stability of the knee and the short-term clinical efficacy was sure.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Medial Collateral Ligament, Knee ; injuries ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective At present,there is still a lack of effective means for the treatment of diabetic cystopathy,and to find natural antioxidants for this purpose has become a hot spot in research. This study is to investigate the protective effect of inosine on the bladder of diabetic rats and its antioxidative stress mechanisms. Methods A total of 60 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were ran-domly divided into three groups of equal number:normal control,diabetes mellitus(DM) model control,and inosine intervention. The DM model was made by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at 60 mg/kg. The DM model controls were injected with saline while the model rats in the intervention group with inosine, all at 75 mg/kg, ip,bid. After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the bladder tissues were collected from the rats for examination of the structural changes by HE staining,determination of the expressions of c-kit and nerve growth factor (NGF) by immunofluorescence assay, and observation of the ultrastructure of the bladder tissue under the electron microscope,de-tection of the cell apoptosis by TUNEL,and measurement of the con-tents of malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD),and glutathione (GSH). Results HE staining indicated signifi-cant mucosal hyperplasia, disordered arrangement, loose structure, fracture, expanded intervals and collagen fiber filling of muscle bundles,muscular atrophy,lymphocytes infiltration,vascular hyperplasia and congestion,and few muscle bundles,while electron mi-croscopy manifested disordered arrangement, interrupted connection, mitochondrial vacuolation in muscular and interstitial cells, shrinkage of nuclear membrane,disappearance of nucleoli,and irregular chromatin margination and condensation in the bladder tissues of the DM rat models. Immunofluorescence assay showed that the signals of c-kit and NGF were reduced in the DM models as compared with those in the normal controls. After 4 and 8 weeks of intervention,the cell apoptosis rate was significantly higher in the DM model control ([1.68±3.04]% and [10.51±0.90]%) and inosine-treated rats ([7.00±1.72]% and [7.24±1.66]%) than in the normal controls ([4.65±3.04]% and[5.48±2.00]%),but remarkably lower in the inosine-treated than in the DM model controls(P<0.01). The contents of SOD and GSH were increased(P<0.05) while that of MDA decreased markedly in the DM models(P<0.05),but the former decreased (P<0.05) while the latter increased significantly in the inosine intervention group as compared with the DM model control group (P<0.05). At 8 weeks,the contents of SOD and GSH were remarkably lower in the DM model than in the normal con-trols (P<0.01),while that of MDA markedly higher than in both the normal control and inosine intervention groups (P<0.01). The wet weight of the bladder was significantly increased in the DM model and inosine intervention groups in comparison with that of the nor-mal controls(P<0.01). Conclusion Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development and progression of diabetic cystopa-thy. Inosine can protect the bladder structure and function of the DM rat by reducing oxidative stress and injury to the bladder tissue.

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of intestinal flora in diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome with Pi-wei dampness-heat syndrome (IBS-PDS).

METHODSThe seven kinds of common intestinal bacteria in feces, including enteri bacillus, enterococci, saccharomycete, bifid bacteria, lactobacillus, bacteroides and peptococcus were studied in 21 patients suffered from IBS-PDS, and compared with those in 22 patients with IBS with deficiency of Pi syndrome (DPS) and 25 healthy subjects as control.

RESULTSAs compared with the healthy subjects, the levels of enteri bacillus and enterococci were significantly increased (P<0.01), the levels of bifid bacteria, Lactobacillus and Peptococcus were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and saccharomycete and Bacteroides were insignificantly different in patients with PDS. As compared with patients with DPS, the levels of enteri bacillus, enterococci, bifid bacteria, Lactobacillus, Peptococcus and Bacteroidaceae were significantly increased except the level of saccharomycete.

CONCLUSIONThere may be alteration of intestinal flora in patients with IBS-PDS.

Adult ; Bifidobacterium ; isolation & purification ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; etiology ; microbiology ; Enterobacteriaceae ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; complications ; microbiology ; Lactobacillus ; isolation & purification ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo study the reliability of establishing a neonatal piglet model of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

METHODSFourteen neonatal piglets were randomly assigned into Experiment group (n=9) and Control group (n=5). MODS model was established in the piglets from the Experiment group by CLP. The Control group underwent a sham-operation. Serum biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, ALB, BUN, Cr, CK-MB and lactic acid), blood platelet counting and blood gas analysis(PaO2 and PaCO2) were tested at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hrs after operation. The histomorphological changes of important vital organs were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining under a light microscope.

RESULTSThe levels of serum ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, CK-MB and lactic acid in the Experiment group began to increase 24 hrs after operation. Significant differences were observed between the Experiment and the Control group at 48 hrs in ALT (83.0 +/- 9.3 U/L vs 57.8 +/- 15.8 U/L), AST (348.8 +/- 132.9 U/L vs 106.4 +/- 12.5 U/L), BUN (10.5 +/- 2.5 micromol/L vs 4.3 +/- 1.0 micromol/L), Cr (79.2 +/- 9.0 micromol/L vs 53.6 +/- 6.8 micromol/L), CK-MB (5152.0 +/- 1 857.8 U/L vs 1243.0 +/- 354.5 U/L), and lactic acid (12.3 +/- 4.0 mmol/L vs 4.6 +/- 1.5 mmol/L) (P < 0.01). The high levels of the above parameters persisted until 96 hrs after operation in the Experiment group and then decreased but were still higher than those at 0 h after operation. After operation, the blood platelet counting decreased significantly at 96 hrs, and PaO2 decrease and PaCO2 increase were observed at 48 hrs in the Experiment group compared with the Control group. All animals, except one, in the Experiment group died within 120 hrs after operation (with the MODS incidence of 56%), while none died in the Control group. The tissue injuries with different degrees were observed in the lungs, liver, heart, kidneys and gastrointestinal tracts of the Experiment group.

CONCLUSIONSNeonatal piglet MODS model can be established successfully by CLP.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Male ; Multiple Organ Failure ; blood ; etiology ; pathology ; Swine

OBJECTIVEFactor VIII( FVIII) gene knockout mouse model was established for further study on the treatment of hemophilia A.

METHODSExons 16-19 of the mouse FVIII gene were knocked out by ET clone, ES homologous recombination and tetraploid embryo compensation technology. PCR, reverse transcriptase-PCR(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the transcription and translation pattern of FVIII. The phenotype of the knockout mice was analyzed by examining the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and FVIII activity (FVIII:C).

RESULTSPCR, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry confirmed that FVIII was deficient in the FVIII gene knockout mouse. The APTT results showed that FVIII-deficient mouse plasma had a prolonged clotting time compared to normal mouse plasma. The FVIII:C in heterozygous, hemizygous and homozygous mice was 80%, 8% and 10% of that in normal mice, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe phenotype of the FVIII gene knockout mouse appears grossly similar to that of human with hemophilia A. Establishment of this model may promote the development of new technologies of treatment to hemophilia A.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Factor VIII ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Hemophilia A ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mice, Knockout ; Partial Thromboplastin Time

Objective To understand the occurrence situation of negative life events in the past year among college students with suicidal ideation and to explore the correlation between negative life events and suicidal ideation. Methods The stratified and cluster sampling method was applied to conduct the questionnaire survey on 12 114 students from 11 universities in Chongqing City. The questionnaire of general demographic information was used to learn sociodemographic characteristics;the perspective on personal life questionnaire was applied to evaluate the suicidal ideation within recent 1 month and the self-designed life event scale was used to investigate the occurrence of negative life events in the past 1 year. Results The report rate of suicidal ideation within 1 month was 9.6%, the occurrence rate of short term suicidal ideation was increased with experiencing more negative life events. The x2 test showed that there was statistically significant difference in the proportion of suicidal ideation occurrence between college students experiencing 1 negative life event and those without experiencing the negative life event (x2 = 37.72,P<0.01) ;besides, the occurrence proportion of recent suicidal ideation had statistical difference between the college students with experiencing two or more negative life events and those without experiencing negative life event (x2 = 65.46,P<0.01). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the conflict with other family members (OR=0. 295,95%CI 0. 017-0. 571),abuse (OR=7. 295, 95%CI 6. 049-9. 701) were independentrisk factor for the recent suicidal ideation in college students. Conclusion Experiencing more negative life events, conflicting with other family members and abused by others have a correlation with the appearance of short term suicidal ideation in college students.