Increased intracranial pressure is one of the most severe complications with significant mortality in children,so early diagnosis and treatment of this disorder is critical to save the patient's life.This article reviews etiologies,pathophysiology,and general principles of diagnosis and management of increased intracranial pressure.Based on primary diseases and clinical presentations,the goal of therapeutic strategy is to decrease intracranial pressure,avoid neurologic sequelae,and improve the outcome in patients.

Integrative medicine is the effective combination of dual diagnosis of Chinese medicine and western medicine.The combination can broaden the scope of clinical diagnosis and combine the local pathological changes with the overall response of the human disease.It can add a more comprehensive understanding of diseases for people.Clinically treated with combination of Chinese medicine and western medicine can achieve the complement of advantages.It is significant.Because the theory system of Chinese medicine compared with western medicine is different and the theory system of combination is not practical and standardized.The methods of clinical diagnosis and treatment are also different.So there are still some problems and deficiencies in the integrative medicine.In this study,through extensive literature research,as well as the clinical investigation in some integrative medicine hospitals and the collection of related clinical data,we compared and analyzed the academic ideas and different features of Chinese medicine and western medicine,analysed the status and the insufficience of current clinical integrative medicine.Finally,we put forward a series of effective strategies and methods for how to combine with integrative medicine in a specific,reasonable and effective way.

Objective To investigate whether tumor necrosis factor (TNF)a, TNFb and TNFc microsatellite polymorphisms correlate with chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma in Chinese Han population. Methods TNFa, TNFb and TNFc microsatellite alleles in 164 healthy subjects, 53 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and 56 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were typed using PCR technique combined with High Voltage denaturing PAGE and silver staining. At the same time, the PCR products were cloned and sequenced. Results The frequency of TNFa10 allele was significantly higher in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis than in healthy individuals ( 19.81% vs. 11.89% , P = 0.04 ). However it was not related to age, gender, degree of atrophy or intestinal metaplasia in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis. The frequency of TNFa6b5c1 haplotype homozygote was significantly lower in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma than in healthy individuals ( 1.79% vs. 15.85% , P = 0.006 ). The sequence result revealed that the copy number of dinucleiotide repeating within the same TNFa allele was not consistent with that in the reports from Western countries. Conclusions It should be more accurate and clear to define TNFa alleles. TNFa10 allele is associated with the susceptibility to chronic atrophic gastritis. TNFa6b5c1 haplotype homozygote is negatively associated with gastric adenocarcinoma and thus may play a resistant role in the shifting process from chronic atrophic gastritis to gastric adenocarcinoma.

Objective To construct a library of long serial analysis of gene expression (LongSAGE) and investigate the characteristics of gene expression in the yeast phase of C. albicans. Methods A LongSAGE library was constructed with long serial analysis of gene expression (LongSAGE). Results A total of 17 773 tags, representing specific 7 333 transcripts, were extracted from 1 000 sequence files in the yeast phase of C. albicans. Tags matching single gene accounted for 16.65%, tags matching multiple genes accounted for 6.59%, tags for hypothetical protein accounted for 16.27%, tags for genome and cosmid accounted for 1.64%, and novel tags accounted for 58.86%. Eleven tags in 33 tags whose expression frequencies exceeded 35 may be new expression sequences. Conclusion LongSAGE is not only a powerful method in investigating the gene expression profiling, allowing the analysis of the expression of thousands of transcripts in a quantitative manner without prior sequence information, but also in finding new genes.

Objective To explore the expression of SLAM gene in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from SLE patients.Method The CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood of 20 SLE patients and 10 healthy blood donors were separated using magnetic cell sorting system(MACS).We detected the expression of SLAM mRNA in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells by RT-PCR.Results The CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from SLE patients showed significantly higher SLAM expression than those from healthy blood donors.Conclusion The SLAM signal pathway may play an important role in contributing to the abnormal activation of T cells in SLE patients.

0.05). Conclusion There are MA and mutation of p53 gene in T-cell lymphoma though no significant correlation between them. But, MA positive cases might experience high mutation of p53 gene in T-cell lymphoma.

Objective To investigate the abnormality of CD4 and CD8 subsets of T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Methods The CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes from 20 SLE patients and 10 healthy controls were separated using magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). Results The numbers of CD4 + T cells in the peripheral blood and CD4 +/CD8 + ratio of SLE patients were significantly lower than those in healthy volunteers(CD4,P=0.001;CD4/CD8 ratio,P=0.046). Conclusion There exist abnormalities in the CD4 and CD8 subsets of T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of SLE,especially the decreased numbers of CD4 + T cells.

Objective:To study the effect of retinoic acid (RA) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on neural stem cells’(NSCs) proliferation and differentiation from new born rats’ pallium. Method: NSCs were isolated from the brains of new born Sprague-Dawley rats’ pallium, and the features of cells were characterized by immunofluorescence staining. The effects of different culture medium on survival and proliferation of cells were determined by MTT assay. The effects of bFGF and RA on differentiation of NSCs were observed. Results: MTT assay indicated the proliferation of cells in bFGF group, bFGF+RA group and RA group was continually increased, highest in bFGF group. The percentage of neurons differentiated from NSCs in RA group was 2 or 3 times that in bFGF group and control group . Conclusion: bFGF is important to the proliferation and long-term living of NSCs. It can prohibit the differentiation of NSCs. RA can counteract the effects of bFGF and also promote NSCs to differentiate into neurons in vitro.

ObjectiveTo research in the essence of the caring experience of caregiver for children with eye enucleation, to find out the caring experience and caregiver's needs, to give them physical and mental nursing in order to make them cooperate with us and implement effective treatment to children.Methods12 caregivers for children with eye enucleation were given semi-structured interviews. The materials were analyzed, putted in order, and themes were got.ResultsThrough deep interview of 12 caregivers, five titles were summarized:overburdened psychology, limited schedule, requirement of health information, overload economic burden, to return and rebuild.ConclusionsThe results could help nurses to give more correct health education and psychological care to caregivers. Then caregivers can cooperate with nurses to give effective treatment to children, thus life quality of children with eye enucleation will be improved a lot.

Objective To explore surgical techniques and curative effects of microsurgical treatment for tumors in upper cervical spinal canal.Methods A total of 81 cases of tumors in upper cervical spinal canal had received microneurosurgery from January 1990 to December 2005.The operation was conducted through a posteromedial approach.A total tumor resection was performed in 73 cases of neurofibroma or neurilemmoma,3 cases of spinal meningioma,and 3 cases of ependymoma.A subtotal tumor resection was conducted in 2 cases of astrocytoma.Results A complete recovery was achieved in 75 cases,an improvement of symptoms was achieved in 4 cases,and no improvement in 2.No death was encountered.Follow-up observations were carried out in 52 cases for 3 months ～ 3 years(8.5?1.5 months).MRI examinations 3 months after operation in 15 cases found no residual or recurrent tumor.X-ray radiography under anteroposterior,lateral,and open-mouth view 6 months after operation in 32 cases showed no spinal deformation and good vertebral stability.Recurrence of intramedullary tumor was seen in 3 cases. Conclusions As long as tumors in upper cervical spinal canal are diagnosed,a microsurgical treatment should be given as early as possible.Appropriate selection of surgical approach,skillful microsurgical techniques in accordance with pathological types of lesions,and principles of minimal invasion are critical for the operation safety.