Objective:To establish a method for the uncertainty evaluation of the determination of benzoic acid. Methods: The content of benzoic acid was determined by acid-base titration. By constructed mathematics model, the source of the measurement uncer-tainty was analyzed, and the uncertainty components were quantized and combined. Results:The expanded uncertainty of benzoic acid was 0. 36% and the results were expressed as(99. 99 ± 0. 36%,k=2). Conclusion:The mathematics model is reasonable and relia-ble,and can be used in the uncertainty evaluation of content measurement of benzoic acid.

Objective To explore the effect of seminar applied in instruction of Introduction of Nursing Science for advanced vocational nursing students.Methods A total of 246 advanced vocational nursing students admitted in 2013 from class 1 to class 5 were named as the control group,who received traditional teaching method.Meanwhile a total of 252 advanced vocational nursing students admitted in 2013 from class 6 to 10 were set as the experimental group,and were given seminar teaching.We adopted California Critical Thinking Dispositions Inventory Scale,Academic Self-efficacy Scale and an anonymous questionnaire for teaching satisfaction.Theoretical examination was used to be final evaluation.Results The scores of theoretical examination in the experimental group were higher than that of the control group.The scores of critical thinking ability and academic self-efficacy of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group,with a significant difference.The result of the anonymous questionnaire showed that the experimental group showed a higher satisfaction degree with seminar teaching method.Conclusions Seminar teaching method applied in Introduction of Nursing Science is feasible and effective,which is better than traditional method in improving critical thinking ability,academic self-efficacy and teaching satisfaction.

AIM:To analyze the clinical significance of axial length, diopter and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in hyperopia children with anisometropia amblyopia. ·METHODS: From January 2015 to January 2017 in our hospital for treatment, 103 cases, all unilateral, were diagnosed as hyperopia anisometropia amblyopia. The eyes with amblyopia were as experimental group ( 103 eyes), another normal eye as control group (103 eyes). We took the detection with axial length, refraction, foveal thickness, corrected visual acuity, diopter and the average thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer. ·RESULTS: Differences in axial length and diopter and corrected visual acuity were statistically significant between the two groups (P<0. 05). The two groups had no significant difference in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (P>0. 05). There was statistical significance difference on the foveal thickness (P<0. 05). There was a negative correction correlation between the visual acuity, axial length with foveal and peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness, but no significant difference in correlation ( P>0. 05 ). The positive correlation between diopter with nerve fiber layer thickness of foveal and around the optic disc were no statistically significant difference (P>0. 05). ·CONCLUSION:Retinal thickness of the fovea in the eye with hyperopic anisometropia amblyopia were thicker than those in normal eyes;the nerve fiber layer of around the optic disc was not significantly different between the amblyopic eyes and contralateral eyes. The refraction and axial length had no significant correlation with optic nerve fiber layer and macular foveal thickness.

After a description of the development of massive MOOC in domestic biomedicine and its characteris-tics, the major advantages and disadvantages of MOOC were analyzed in aspects of its copyright , guiding role of teachers, course experiments, and independent study of students, the application of MOOC in medical libraries was elaborated with 4 suggestions put forward for the development of MOOC in medical libraries.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of heat-sensitive moxibustion on abdominal distension following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. ＜br> Methods: A total of 240 cases were randomly allocated into an observation group and a control group according to their admission sequence, 120 in each group. Cases in the observation group were treated with conventional care, glycerol enema and heat sensitive moxibustion, whereas cases in the control group were only treated with conventional care and glycerol enema. Then the passage of gas by anus within 24 h and improvement of abdominal distension were observed in both groups. ＜br> Results: There were statistical differences in the emergence time of bowel sounds and the initial passage of gas by anus between the two groups (bothP＜0.05). The therapeutic effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P＜0.05) . ＜br> Conclusion: Heat-sensitive moxibustion has reliable effect for abdominal distension following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects and safety when adopt smoothing liver and invigorating spleen treatment to cure diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) characterized by liver stagnation with spleen deficiency.Methods 71 patients met the inclusion criteria of D-IBS were randomly divided into the treatment group(36 cases)and control group(35 cases),the treatment group used Shugan Jianpi therapy,traditional Chinese medicine Tongxieyao Fang and additive Shenlingbaishu Decoction; the control group taking Lactobacillus Complex Capsules treatment.Two groups of the time of taking medicine for 4 weeks.Observation and analysis of comprehensive effects and D-IBS symptom score before and after treatment.Results There was no statistical significance in the two groups before treatment,symptom total score difference,after the treatment group and the control group of symptom score were (4.83 ± 3.30),(7.00 ± 3.96),with a significant difference between the two groups (t =2.51,P ＜ 0.05) ; the total effective rate of treatment group was 91.67％,which was higher than 68.57 ％ in the control group(x2 =5.98,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The adoption of the smoothing liver and invigorating spleen treatment characterized by the use of Tong Xie Yao Fang and additive ShenLingBaiZhu decoction to cure D-IBS patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency has a relatively satisfactory clinical curative effect.

Objective To explore and compare the contents of complaint letters at psychiatric hospitals before and after the implementation of the Mental Health Law of the People’s Republic of China (MHLC),figure out measures to improve the complaint satisfaction and settled rate,reduce the number of complaints and re-complaint rate.Methods 1376 complaint letters were compared and analyzed in this retrospective research for statistics analysis and comparison,covering 958 letters received before the implementation of MHLC (from 2008 to 201 1 )and 418 letters received after the implementation of MHLC (from May 1st 2013 to April 30th 2014).Results Most of the complaints focus on hospital staff attitude before and after the implementation of MHLC, accounting for 39.67% and 30.38%respectively.The complaints targeted mostly at the outpatient clinic 46.45% and 49.28% respectively. Significant changes are found with the contents,departments and main reasons of the complaint letters. Conclusion The causes and the influencing factors of such changes were analyzed,and measures to improve the complaint services at psychiatric hospitals were proposed.

Objective To compare three methods of general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia in elderly patients with induction and recovery characteristics.Methods 100 patients undergoing urethral operation patients over 60 years were used to test.According to the different anesthesia methods,they were divided into propofol and propofol ( P-P) ,propofol,isoflurane,desflurane and propofol ( P-I)-( P-D) cases,each group in 25 cases,by ventani (1-2μg/kg IV) and propofol (1.0-2.0mg/kg IV) induced anesthesia respectively,and with 70% N2 O oxygen and injection of propofol [75-150μg/(kg· min)] or isoflurane[0.7%-1.2% of desflurane (breath) or breath 1%-4%] ,maintain anesthesia.After induction they were went on with laryngeal mask ventilation, maintain autonomous breathing.In the spinal anesthesia group(S),1.5 lidocaine ML were intrathecal injection by dissolved in 10%glucose. Results To compared with spinal anesthesia (9.3 ±3.4) min,propofol induced anesthesia method was relatively simple and induce faster (P<0.01).P-P,P-I and P-D group anesthesia induction time was (4.6 ±1.7)min,(4.7 ± 2.2)min and (3.8 ±1.4)min.In the induction period,patients in group S were higher aortic pressure and heart rate. 3 general anesthesia patients were similar to the time in induction of anesthesia,extubation and orientation patients in group S were lower(P<0.05),but the recovery was longer (P<0.01).The P-P and P-D group,Digit Symbol Sub-stitution Test( DSST) scores returned to baseline levels of time slightly shorter than that of group P-I.patients with dif-ferent methods of anesthesia had the same with postoperative nausea, somnolence, anxiety and coordination. Conclusion Induction and recovery time can be shortened in the elderly patients by using propofol and desflurane has no side effects.Therefore this method is suitable for elderly patients with transurethral operation using.

As an important policy, the multiple-site physician practice system is expected to promote the flow of physicians and optimize the distribution of health resources, though it is difficult to enforce in practice. From the perspective of institutional change, the fundamental reason lies in path dependence existing in system, organization and mindset:First, the government regulation system has a strong inertia to restrict the flow of physicians, and the multiple-site physician practice lacks the unity of legitimacy and rationality. Secondly, fierce competition between hospitals and the distribution pattern of rights and responsibilities between hospital and physician cause the hospitals to oppose multiple-site physician practices. Third, the stability tendency in mind and the desires for profit restrain the flow of physicians. Therefore, the institutional change of the multiple-site physician practice requires improvements in three aspects:the innovation of government systems to unlock the multiple-site physician practice must be accelerated to realize the unity of legitimacy and rationality;a change is needed in the operation logic of hospitals to control the profit incentives and management of practices by contract;the thought-pattern of physicians must be changed to con-front the proper demand for interests and build innovative incentive mechanisms.

Objective To explore the value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in diagnosis and treatment of asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS).Methods A total of 195 patients categorized into elderly ACOS,asthma,COPD and chronic cough groups were consecutively admitted from September 2013 to June 2014 in our hospital.All patients were examined with chest imaging,fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) test,and pulmonary function tests to analyze the differences in FeNO,FEV1/pred％ and FEV1/FVC among four groups,and to detect the relevance of FeNO to FEV1/pred％ and FEV1/FVC within each group.Results Both of the ACOS and asthma groups had higher FeNO values than the COPD and control groups [(30.9 ± 27.8,34.5 ± 29.4) vs.(17.3 ± 9.9,16.1 ± 8.6),P ＜ 0.05],while the values of FEV1/pred％ and FEV1/FVC in the ACOS and COPD groups were significantly lower than those in the other twogroups [FEV1/pred％,(52.9±8.4,53.5 ±9.6) vs.(81.1 ±5.9,85.7 ±7.1),allP＜0.05; FEV1/FVC,(51.9 ± 7.2,50.7 ± 7.1) vs.(79.2 ± 4.8,81.0 ± 5.9),all P ＜ 0.05].Although FeNO was directly related to FEV1/pred％ in the control group,there were no significant correlation between FeNO and FEV1/pred％ (or FEV1/FVC) in the other three groups [ACOS group,r =0.115,-0.007 (P =0.464,0.963) ; asthma group,r =0.038,0.045 (P =0.772,0.733) ; COPD group,r =0.097,0.010(P=0.498,0.944); control group,r =0.315,0.091 (P =0.045,0.571)].Conclusions The combination of FeNO and pulmonary function tests can facilitate the differential diagnosis of ACOS and other chronic obstructive airways disorders.For the elderly COPD patients with higher FeNO values,it should be noted whether they were complicated by ACOS or not.Furthermore,the inhalation of corticosteroid can be used to reduce the airway inflammation in these patients.