Training mechanism reform was introduced in Chinese universities recently.It is a very useful attempt in the field of graduate education,in line with the trend of the international practice of graduate education.The core content of this reform is to build the research leading tutorial system and projects oriented grant-in-aid program.The intention of this reform is to mobilize the enthusiasm of both the instructors and graduate students effectively,who play key roles in the reform.In this paper,the author analyze the the difficulties and problems encountered in building up the instructor finance grantin-aid program,such as the inadequacy of instructors,involvement in policymaking,thecommercializationtendency of the teacher-student relationship,and the intensifying imbalance among different disciplines.The autor also proposes some countermeasures as preliminary solution.

Emotion education sticks to human-centered principle,pays attention to human's mind and emotion world,respects human's emotional and educational development rules and fully exerts the special effect of emotion to teach person with feeling.Currently in the medical mode conversion,medical ethics emotion education of medical students has important realistic meaning in medical education.We should strengthen the emotion education strongly,culture medical ethics emotion and enhance the real effect of medical ethics education.

Objective To study the copulation of the abnormal level of maternal serum-free β-human chorionic gonadotropin ( β-hCG ) during second-trimester pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcome.Methods Two hundred and nine pregnant women in second-trimester pregnancy were detected serum β-hCG and followed up ti11 delivery.The correlation of the abnormal level of serum β-hCG and adverse pregnancy outcome were observed.Results In 209 pregnant women,the level of serum β -hCG of 105 cases were over standard [(84.9 ± 11.6) kU/L](over standard group),while the level of the rest 104 cases were (18.6 ± 1.3) kU/L within normal range (normal group).The incidence rate of gestational hypertension,premature deliwery,premature rupture of membranes and suffocation of new born infants in over standard group were all higher than those in normal group [14.3％(15/105 ) vs.0,18.1％(19/105) vs.2.9％ (3/104),11.4％(12/105) vs.0,29.5％(31/105) vs.0,P＜0.05].Conclusions The abnormality of serum β -hCG of women in second-trimester pregnancy can reflect the placenta dysfunction and it is a signal of adverse pregnancy outcome.Therefore,detecting the level of serum β -hCG is useful for preventing adverse pregnancy outcome.

The concept of disgrace is not only a key element in traditional Chinese ethics,but also the foundation of ethical standards and morality with the characteristics of being catholic,fundamentality and bare possibility.As an important ethical bottom line in medicine,disgrace is helpful for medical staffs to distinguish the right from the wrong,shape a concept of self-discipline in their ethical behaviors,and build up the consciousness of being cautious when alone.Medical staffs should strengthen the education of disgrace,and improve their sense of disgrace culture to make contributions to the construction and maintaining of the bottom line of medical ethical of disgrace.

The thought of "being discreet when alone "of Confucian school is one state of morality. The moral principal of "being discreet when alone" accords with medical ethics. Therefore, it is important and practical to medical circle. If medical staff wishes to achieve such state, they need higher ideological level and firm moral faith, and obey the following rules: disciplining oneself when alone, controlling lust, introspecting, and paying attention to trivial.

patient refusing doctor's diagnostic and therapeutic projects,is an important aspect to realizes patient right to knowing what happened and agree to be cure,but many ethical perplexity in medical therapeutic practice,become obstacle of establishing harmonious relation between doctor and patient.In this text,we research how to reply them from the angels of patient, doctor and law.

Abdominal CT screenings for adrenal glands of 202 patients without suspected adrenal diseases were observed and discussed. Measurements and statistical analyses of the length, width, thickness and area of adrenal alands from the screenings were done. Showing that the adrenal thickness and the maximum area in the slice are most valuable. When the thickness of adrenal gland is more than 10 mm and the area of the left one is larger than 3.5cm2 or the right one is larger than 3cm2, the gland should be considered to be abnormal. This measurement could be useful in the diagnosis of early adrenal diseases.

Objective To study the expression of FAM84B in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) and its regulatory mechanism on cell growth by p53 pathway.Methods A total of 508 ESCC tumor samples and their adjacent normal tissue samples were collected from Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,which are high incidence areas of ESCC in China.Using whole genome sequencing(WGS) and whole exome sequencing(WES),FAM84B gene with significantly amplified copy number were screened.In ESCC cell line KYSE150with high expression of FAM84B,the effect of FAM84B on cell growth was detected by MTT and hard clone formation assay after interfering with FAM84B by small interfering RNA infection;In ESCC cell line KYSE450 with low expression of FAM84B,FAM84B was overexpressed with plasmid pCMV-3 ×flag-FAM84B,and the effect of FAM84B on cell growth was detected by MTT and hard clone formation assay.The effects of FAM84B knock-down on the expression of CDK4,CDK6and CCND1 were detected by Western blot.Results WGS analysis of 508 ESCC paraffin sections showed 109 cases of FAM84B copy number amplification(21.45%);FAM84B gene existed near 8q24.21 and was a significantly enlarged lesion peak.Knockdown of FAM84B inhibited the proliferation of ESCC cells,while overexpression of FAM84B promoted that.The low expression of FAM84B promoted the cell cycle progression mediated by p53.Conclusion FAM84B can promote cell proliferation by promoting the cell cycle transition from G1 phase to S phase via inhibiting the expression of p53 pathway proteins in ESCC cells.

Animals ; Dietary Supplements ; Electron Transport ; Hypoxia ; Iron ; pharmacology ; Liver ; Mitochondria, Liver ; drug effects ; Rats

Objective To elaborate the progress on prevention and treatment of Chinese medicine to delayed diarrhea induced by Irinotecan. [Methods] In recent 5 years, traditional Chinese medicine treatment of the disease literature was reviewed . [Results] Traditional Chinese Medicine in prevention and treatment of this disease has unique advantages.[Conclusion] Traditional Chinese Medicine in prevention and treatment of this disease should be unified on syndrome type and evaluation criteria,enhance the efficacy, accepted by the majority of patients.