Fatty Liver ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans

Fatty Liver ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans

Fatty Liver ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans

Fatty Liver ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Obesity ; complications ; pathology ; therapy ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo examine the effects of continuous and intermittent exercises on obesity and fatty liver in rats fed with high-fat diet.

METHODSWistar rats were randomly assigned into routine diet (R) and high-fat diet (H) groups, and each group were subdivided into sedentary group (S), continuous exercise (CE) group, and intermittent exercise (IE) group (n=8). In the CE group, the rats were forced to swim continuously for 90 min once daily, and those in the IE group swam for 30 min for 3 times (at a 4-h interval) daily. Both the CE and IE groups exercised for 5 days a week for 8 consecutive weeks. After the experiment, the retroperitoneal, epididymal, and visceral white and brown adipose tissues, the liver, and the gastrocnemius muscle of the rats were weighed. The lipogenesis rate was determined by incorporation of (3)H(2)0 into saponified lipids, and the blood lipid profiles were analyzed. The body weight and food intake of the rats were recorded daily.

RESULTSIE appeared to be more efficient than CE in reducing the adverse effects of high-fat diet and sedentarism. Compared with CE, IE resulted in an improved lipid profile with reduced food intake, body weight gain, visceral and central adiposity, and fatty liver. The effect of high-fat diet and different exercises on weight gain, adiposity, fatty liver, and lipid profile in rats was associated to the manner of exercise, time of each session, age, gender, and length of observation period.

CONCLUSIONIntermittent exercise is an important nonpharmacological strategy to control obesity and the related complications.

Animals ; Diet, High-Fat ; Fatty Liver ; etiology ; therapy ; Male ; Obesity ; etiology ; therapy ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Animals ; Dietary Fats ; Fatty Liver ; diet therapy ; etiology ; pathology ; Female ; Male ; Mollusca ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation

Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Body Weight ; Fatty Liver ; etiology ; metabolism ; therapy ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin ; therapeutic use ; Lipids ; blood ; Liver ; metabolism

In recent years, the pathogenesis of "gut-liver axis" in alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has attracted more attention in this field. In this paper, the relationship among fatty liver, gut-permeability, gut-derived endotoxin, and gut microbiota was systematically clarified. Based on the researches of treatment and prevention of fatty liver and gut injury by Chinese medicine, the gut is believed as the curative target for fatty liver disease, which not only is the modern annotation for the Chinese medicine practice, but also might possibly become an important view angle and strategy for fatty liver disease treatment.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Fatty Liver ; etiology ; therapy ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Phytotherapy ; methods

A study conducted 15-year ago showed that only 13.5% of chronic alcoholics developed alcohol-induced liver damage, which misled some people to believe a lack of relationship between the amount of alcohol and the occurrence of liver disease. However, it is true that a significant correlation exists between per capita consumption and the prevalence of cirrhosis. Alcoholic fatty liver is observed in most of chronic alcoholics even though the severity is not uniform. Abstinence remains the cornerstone of therapy for alcoholic liver disease (ALD). There is also consensus for the use of corticosteroids and pentoxifylline in severe alcoholic hepatitis maintaining good nutritional status to treat comorbidities in all forms of ALD, and liver transplantation in the end-stage ALD patients who can stop drinking for 6 months pre-transplantation period. Several clinical trials targeting tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and reducing oxidative stress have not been successful at this time. There is still a large field of alcohol research to explore in order to go farther in the area of pathophysiology. We need to understand a role of various cytokines and immune cells in the development of ALD to have more treatment tools to cope with ALD.
Alcohols/metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1/metabolism ; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/pathology/therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/pathology/therapy ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic/*etiology/pathology/therapy ; Oxidative Stress

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of early fluid resuscitation on hepatic steatosis in rats after severe scald.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled in the study. In thirty-six rats skin of 30% TBSA was treated with cold water to serve as sham injury group. All other rats were inflicted with 30% full-thickness scald, and they were subdivided into 3 groups, i. e. scald group(S, without resuscitation), delayed resuscitation group ( DR, with Ringer's solution at 6 post-scald hour(PSH) ) and early resuscitation group( ER, with Ringer's solution immediately after scald). The hepatic tissues of the rats were harvested at 0.5, 1.0,2.0,3.0,7.0 post-scald hour( PSH) and on 21.0 PSD for the observation of pathological changes with light-microscope and transmission electron microscope. The serum contents of TC, TG, HDL, ALP were determined at the same time-points. Body weight of each rat was measured before blood sampling, and total liver weight after blood sampling. Liver weight/body weight ratio was recorded.

RESULTSCompared with sham injury group, the fat denaturation degree of hepatic tissue in ER group was obviously less than that in S and DR group . The serum level of high density lipoprotein (TC) , triglyceride ( TG) , and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) after scald increased ranking as S > DR > ER, while the level of HDL decreased in that order. The liver weight/body weight ratio of the rats in DR group on 1.0 PSD was obviously elevated compared with that in ER group( P <0. 05) , and there exhibited significant difference of liver weight/body weight ratio between DR and ER groups on 7. 0 PSD ( P < 0. 01). The liver steatosis had obvious negative correlation with HDL content after scald( r = -0. 37, P <0.01) , but it had positive correlation with the ALP content( r = 0. 45, P <0. 01), TG content( r = 0. 25, P <0. 01) and liver weight/body weight ratio( r = 0. 440, P <0. 01). The remaining parameters showed no correlation with the liver steatosis.

CONCLUSIONFluid resuscitation immediately after scald can ameliorate hepatic fatty degeneration, reduce its incidence, and beneficial to recovery of liver damage to a certain extent.

Animals ; Burns ; complications ; pathology ; therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fatty Liver ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley