This study was conducted to review the efficacy of different sources of stem cells in bone regeneration of cleft palate patients. The majority of previous studies focused on the transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. However, other sources of stem cells have also gained considerable attention, and dental stem cells have shown especially favorable outcomes. Additionally, approaches that apply the co-culture and co-transplantation of stem cells have shown promising results. The use of different types of stem cells, based on their accessibility and efficacy in bone regeneration, is a promising method in cleft palate bone regeneration. In this regard, dental stem cells may be an ideal choice due to their efficacy and accessibility. In conclusion, stem cells, despite the lengthy procedures required for culture and preparation, are a suitable alternative to conventional bone grafting techniques.

Objective: To assess the effect of acupuncture on pain of patients with refractory trigeminal neuralgia (TN).Methods: Acupuncture was accomplished for 14 patients with refractory TN, 3 sessions in a week for 10 sessions. Every treatment session lasted about 30 min. The pain severity of patients was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) at days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 1 month later as follow up. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 18.0. Results: The mean age of participants was (59.4±13.2) years old. The VAS points decreased from day 0 to the follow-up. As the results showed, the amount of VAS points decreased by acupuncture has emerged more significance in comparisons between days 0, 3 and days 14, 21, and the one-month follow-up, the differences in VAS points on the mentioned days were significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture can cause proper pain relief for refractory TN. Acupuncture can induce an analgesic effect after multiple repetitions of therapeutic sessions.