Cancer is increasingly apparent as a systems-level, network happening. The central tendency of malignant alteration can be described as a two-phase procedure, where an initial increase of network plasticity is followed by reducing plasticity at late stages of tumor improvement. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells that take characteristics associated with normal stem cells. Cancer therapy has been based on the concept that most of the cancer cells have a similar ability to separate metastasise and kill the host. In this review, we addressed the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of cancer stem cells.
Nanostructures ; Nanotechnology ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; Plastics ; Stem Cells

Objective To investigate the healing effects of two herbal preparations. Methods For this purpose, 106 wistar rats were divided into 9 groups including a control, eucerine, phenytoin, Urtica dioica (U. dioica) (2%), U. dioica (5%), Sambucus ebulus (S. ebulus) (2%), S. ebulus (5%), combination (2%), and combination (5%) groups. The control group remained untreated, the eucerin and phenytoin groups were considered as the negative and positive controls respectively, and the remaining groups received different concentrations of the ointments. Full thickness wounds were made. The healing process of the wounds was investigated on day 7, 14 and 21 of the experiment. Several factors including the number of fibroblasts, new vessel formation (angiogenesis), thickness of the granulomatous tissues (GT), and the overlying epithelium were analyzed. Results Among the studied groups, all of the treatment groups were significantly different from the control, eucerin, and phenytoin groups in a positive manner with regard to all studied factors (P ≤ 0.05). However, the best results were observed with the S. ebulus (2%) and the combination 2% groups (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions Topical ointments prepared from the extracts of U. dioica and S. ebulus and their combination possess strong wound healing properties. It is postulated that a synergistic effect may exist between the two extracts since the combination 2% showed better results than the sole extracts.

Introduction: Motivation is important as one of the major factors for incidence of behaviour in all behaviours such as learning, performance, perception, accuracy, recall, forgetting, thinking, creativity and emotions. The interaction of trainers and nursing students plays a significant role in clinical education and achieving educational objectives. Aim: Considering the wide role of nursing trainers in students leaning clinical experience and their motivation, and based on qualitative studies done so far, the present research was performed to investigate the relationship between educational behaviours of clinical trainers and motivation toward science learning among nursing students. Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 200 nursing students, third-eighth semester, at a nursing faculty from 1 January to 30 July 2019 at Zanjan university of medical sciences, Iran. The students were included though census. Confidence interval of 95% and a significance level of Pvalue less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results and Conclusion The mean age of the students was 22 years. This study showed that the level of educational behaviours of clinical trainers had a direct correlation with the score of learning motivation subscale of students. It also had a direct significant correlation with the total score motivation toward science learning (p=0.01). The behaviours of clinical trainers and understanding of nursing students about the characteristics of trainers are important in creating motivation, facilitating learning, and improving nursing education.