1.Cytotoxicity of the rhizome of medicinal plants
Shakhawoat HOSSAIN ; Golam KADER ; Farjana NIKKON ; Tanzima YEASMIN
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012;(2):125-127
Objective:To investigate the cytotoxicity of the crude ethanol extract of the rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (Z. zerumbet) (L) Smith. and Curcuma zedoaria (C. zedoaria) Rosc. against Artemia salina Leach. Methods:Fresh rhizomes of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith. and C. zedoaria Rosc. were extracted separately in cold with ethanol (2.5 L) and after concentration a brownish syrupy suspension of ethanol extracts of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith. and C. zedoaria Rosc. was obtained. The cytotoxic effect of the crude ethanol extracts of both plants was determined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Results: Crude ethanol extracts of the rhizome of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith. showed the highest cytotoxicity (LC50 was 1.24μg/mL) against brine shrimp nauplii as compared with C. zedoaria Rosc. (LC50 was 33.593μg/mL) after 24 h of exposure. Conclusions:It can be concluded that the rhizome of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith. and C. zedoaria Rosc. can be used as a source of cytotoxic agent.
2.Antimicrobial activities of the rhizome extract of Zingiber zerumbet Linn
Kader Golam ; Nikkon Farjana ; Rashid Abdur Mohammad ; Yeasmin Tanzima
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011;(5):409-412
Objective: To investigate antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extract of Zingiber zerumbet (Z. zerumbet) (L.) Smith and its chloroform and petroleum ether soluble fractions against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Methods: The fresh rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet were extracted in cold with ethanol (4.0 L) after concentration. The crude ethanol extract was fractionated by petroleum ether and chloroform to form a suspension of ethanol extract (15.0 g), petroleum ether fraction (6.6 g) and chloroform soluble fraction (5.0 g). The crude ethanol extract and its petroleum ether and chloroform fractions were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity against thirteen pathogenic bacteria and three fungi by the disc diffusion method. Commercially available kanamycin (30 μg/disc) was used as standard disc and blank discs impregnated with the respective solvents were used as negative control. Results: At a concentration of 400 μg/disc, all the samples showed mild to moderate antibacterial and antifungal activity and produced the zone of inhibition ranging from 6 mm to 10 mm. Among the tested samples, the crude ethanol extract showed the highest activity against Vibrio parahemolyticus (V. parahemolyticus). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude ethanol extract and its fractions were within the value of 128-256 μg/mL against two Gram positive and four Gram negative bacteria and all the samples showed the lowest MIC value against V. parahemolyticus (128 μg/mL). Conclusions: It can be concluded that, potent antibacterial and antifungal phytochemicals are present in ethanol extract of Z. zerumbet (L).
3.Cytotoxicity of the rhizome of medicinal plants.
Shakhawoat HOSSAIN ; Golam KADER ; Farjana NIKKON ; Tanzima YEASMIN
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012;2(2):125-127
OBJECTIVETo investigate the cytotoxicity of the crude ethanol extract of the rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (Z. zerumbet) (L) Smith. and Curcuma zedoaria (C. zedoaria) Rosc. against Artemia salina Leach.
METHODSFresh rhizomes of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith. and C. zedoaria Rosc. were extracted separately in cold with ethanol (2.5 L) and after concentration a brownish syrupy suspension of ethanol extracts of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith. and C. zedoaria Rosc. was obtained. The cytotoxic effect of the crude ethanol extracts of both plants was determined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay.
RESULTSCrude ethanol extracts of the rhizome of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith. showed the highest cytotoxicity (LC50 was 1.24 µg/mL) against brine shrimp nauplii as compared with C. zedoaria Rosc. (LC50 was 33.593 µg/mL) after 24 h of exposure.
CONCLUSIONSIt can be concluded that the rhizome of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith. and C. zedoaria Rosc. can be used as a source of cytotoxic agent.
Animals ; Artemia ; drug effects ; Curcuma ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Plants, Medicinal ; toxicity ; Rhizome ; toxicity ; Zingiberaceae ; metabolism ; toxicity
4.Antimicrobial activities of the rhizome extract of Zingiber zerumbet Linn.
Golam KADER ; Farjana NIKKON ; Mohammad Abdur RASHID ; Tanzima YEASMIN
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011;1(5):409-412
OBJECTIVETo investigate antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extract of Zingiber zerumbet (Z. zerumbet) (L.) Smith and its chloroform and petroleum ether soluble fractions against pathogenic bacteria and fungi.
METHODSThe fresh rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet were extracted in cold with ethanol (4.0 L) after concentration. The crude ethanol extract was fractionated by petroleum ether and chloroform to form a suspension of ethanol extract (15.0 g), petroleum ether fraction (6.6 g) and chloroform soluble fraction (5.0 g). The crude ethanol extract and its petroleum ether and chloroform fractions were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity against thirteen pathogenic bacteria and three fungi by the disc diffusion method. Commercially available kanamycin (30 µg/disc) was used as standard disc and blank discs impregnated with the respective solvents were used as negative control.
RESULTSAt a concentration of 400 µg/disc, all the samples showed mild to moderate antibacterial and antifungal activity and produced the zone of inhibition ranging from 6 mm to 10 mm. Among the tested samples, the crude ethanol extract showed the highest activity against Vibrio parahemolyticus (V. parahemolyticus). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude ethanol extract and its fractions were within the value of 128-256 µg/mL against two Gram positive and four Gram negative bacteria and all the samples showed the lowest MIC value against V. parahemolyticus (128 µg/mL).
CONCLUSIONSIt can be concluded that, potent antibacterial and antifungal phytochemicals are present in ethanol extract of Z. zerumbet (L).
Anti-Infective Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; Ethanol ; Fungi ; drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Zingiberaceae ; chemistry
5.Tagetes erecta Linn. and its mosquitocidal potency against Culex quinquefasciatus.
Farjana NIKKON ; M Rowshanul HABIB ; Zahangir Alam SAUD ; M Rezaul KARIM
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011;1(3):186-188
OBJECTIVETo investigate mosquitocidal effects of ethanolic extract of flowers of Tagetes erecta (T. erecta) and its chloroform and petroleum ether soluble fractions against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus).
METHODSThe fresh flowers of T. erecta were extracted in cold with ethanol (5.0 L) and after concentration, the ethanol extract was fractionated with chloroform and petroleum ether to afford a brownish syrupy suspension of ethanol extract (50.0 g), petroleum ether soluble fraction (18.6 g) and chloroform soluble fraction (23.8 g). The larvicidal effect of ethanol extract and their solvent fractions were determined by the standard procedure of WHO against different instars of Cx. quinquefasciatus.
RESULTSAmong the tested samples the chloroform soluble fractions showed the highest toxicity and consequently, the lowest LC50 values (14.14 µg/mL, 17.06 µg/mL, 36.88 µg/mL and 75.48 µg/mL) for all the instars larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus. The larvae showed comparative tolerance in the course of increasing age and time.
CONCLUSIONSIt can be concluded that the flowers of T. erecta are very effective natural larvicide and could be useful against Cx. quinquefasciatus.
Animals ; Culex ; drug effects ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Insecticides ; pharmacology ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Tagetes ; chemistry
6.Antishigellosis and Cytotoxic Potency of Crude Extracts and Isolated Constituents from Duranta repens.
Farjana NIKKON ; M Rowshanul HABIB ; M Rezaul KARIM ; M Shamim HOSSAIN ; M Ashik MOSADDIK ; M Ekramul HAQUE
Mycobiology 2008;36(3):173-177
The crude ethanol extracts (stem and fruits), their fractions and two triterpenes, beta-Amyrin and 12-Oleanene 3beta, 21beta-diol, isolated as a mixture from the chloroform soluble fraction of an ethanolic extract of Duranta repens stem, were evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal activities by the disc diffusion method and cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The structures of the two compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and LC-MS spectral data. The chloroform soluble fraction of stem and ethanol extract of fruits possess potent antishigellosis activity and also exhibited moderate activity against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi but the isolated compound 1 (mixture of beta-Amyrin and 12-Oleanene 3beta, 21beta-diol) showed mild to moderate inhibitory activity to microbial growth. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts (stem and fruits), their fractions and compound 1 were found to be in the range of 32~128 microg/ml. The chloroform soluble fractions of stem and ethanol extract of fruit showed significant cytotoxicity with LC50 value of 0.94 microg/ml and 0.49 microg/ml, respectively against brine shrimp larvae.
Artemia
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Bacteria
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Biological Assay
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Chloroform
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Complex Mixtures
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Diffusion
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Ethanol
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Fruit
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Fungi
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Larva
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Microbial Sensitivity Tests
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Oleanolic Acid
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Salts
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Triterpenes
7.Ameliorating effects of Raphanus sativus leaves on sodium arsenite-induced perturbation of blood indices in Swiss albino mice
Dilruba SAYADA ; Hasibuzzaman M. M. ; Rahman MASHIUR ; Mohanto Chandra NAYAN ; Aktar SHARMIN ; Rahman ATIQUR ; Hossain Imam MD ; Nikkon FARJANA
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017;7(10):915-920
Objective: To evaluate the ameliorating effects of Raphanus sativus leaves (RSL) against sodium arsenite(Sa)-induced adverse effects through mice experiments. Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into four equal groups: control, Sa, RSL, RSL + Sa. Sa (10 mg/kg body weight/day), and powder form of RSL (50 mg/kg body weight/day) were provided as food supplement orallty. Blood indices were measured using commercially available kits through colorimetric methods. Results: It was observed that lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase,and aspartate aminotransferase activities were significantly(P<0.05) higher in Sa-treated mice than those in the control group.RSL significantly reduced Sa-induced elevation of the activities of these enzymes in serum significantly (P < 0.05). Serum butyrylcholinesterase activity and high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels in Sa-treated mice were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the control group, and the food supplementation of RSL could significantly(P<0.05)prevent the reduction of Sa-mediated serum butyryl cholinesterase activity and high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels.RSL could also reduce the Sa-induced elevation of serum urea level significantly(P<0.05). Conclusions: Results of this study suggest the protective or ameliorating effects of RSL on Sa-induced perturbation of blood indices are related to the hepatic,cardiovascular and kidney dysfunction.Therefore,RSL may be useful to reduce arsenic toxicity in human in the future.
8.Protective effects of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves against arsenic-induced toxicity in mice
Sheikh Afzal ; Yeasmin Fouzia ; Agarwal Smita ; Rahman Mashiur ; Islam Khairul ; Hossain Ekhtear ; Hossain Shakhawoat ; Karim Rezaul Md ; Nikkon Farjana ; Saud Alam Zahangir ; Hossain Khaled
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014;(z1):353-358
Objective: To evaluate the protective role of leaves of Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) Lam. against arsenic-induced toxicity in mice.Methods:non-treated control group while, the second, third, and fourth groups were treated with M.oleifera leaves (50 mg/kg body weight per day), sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg body weight per day) and sodium arsenite plus M. oleifera leaves, respectively. Serum indices related to cardiac, liver and renal functions were analyzed to evaluate the protective effect of Moringa leaves on arsenic-induced effects in mice.Results:Swiss albino male mice were divided into four groups. The first group was used as induced elevation of triglyceride, glucose, urea and the activities of alkaline phospatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum. M. oleifera leaves also prevented the arsenic-induced perturbation of serum butyryl cholinesterase activity, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol.Conclusions:The results indicate that the leaves of M. oleifera may be useful in reducing the It revealed that food supplementation of M. oleifera leaves abrogated the arsenic-effects of arsenic-induced toxicity.
9. In vivo analysis of toxic effect of hydrose used in food preparations in Bangladesh
Tuhin REZA ; Sharmin AKTAR ; Hasan Al AMIN ; Mashiur RAHMAN ; Afroza AREFIN ; Nayan Chandra MOHANTO ; Shahnur ALAM ; Abdullah AL MAMUN ; Farjana NIKKON ; Khaled HOSSAIN ; Zahangir Alam SAUD ; Anwar HABIB
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014;4(11):884-889
Objective: To evaluate the toxic effect of hydrose used in the molasses preparation in Bangladesh. Methods: Molasses were collected from open markets in different parts of Bangladesh. The presence of hydrose in selected molasses was detected using commercial kit. To evaluate the toxic effect of hydrose, Swiss albino male mice were divided into four groups. Group I was used as control, while Groups II, III and IV received hydrose mixing food (5, 10 and 25 g/ kg food), respectively, and these supplementations were continued to the end of the study (16 weeks). Blood was collected from thoracic arteries of the mice under ether anesthesia and then organs were taken. To determine the effect of hydrose on host, blood indices related to liver, heart and kidney dysfunctions were measured. Result: Creatinine and urea levels were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in a dose dependent manner in hydrose treated mice, whereas calcium level was significantly decreased in hydrose exposed mice compared to control mice. Histological study of kidney showed the glomeruler inflammation, increased diameter of renal glomeruli and enlargement of proximal tubular lumen of kidneys of mice exposed to hydrose compared to that of control animals. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that use of hydrose in molasses and other food preparations in Bangladesh may cause kidney impairment.
10.Protective effects of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves against arsenic-induced toxicity in mice.
Afzal SHEIKH ; Fouzia YEASMIN ; Smita AGARWAL ; Mashiur RAHMAN ; Khairul ISLAM ; Ekhtear HOSSAIN ; Shakhawoat HOSSAIN ; Md Rezaul KARIM ; Farjana NIKKON ; Zahangir Alam SAUD ; Khaled HOSSAIN
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014;4(Suppl 1):S353-8
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the protective role of leaves of Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) Lam. against arsenic-induced toxicity in mice.
METHODSSwiss albino male mice were divided into four groups. The first group was used as non-treated control group while, the second, third, and fourth groups were treated with M. oleifera leaves (50 mg/kg body weight per day), sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg body weight per day) and sodium arsenite plus M. oleifera leaves, respectively. Serum indices related to cardiac, liver and renal functions were analyzed to evaluate the protective effect of Moringa leaves on arsenic-induced effects in mice.
RESULTSIt revealed that food supplementation of M. oleifera leaves abrogated the arsenic-induced elevation of triglyceride, glucose, urea and the activities of alkaline phospatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum. M. oleifera leaves also prevented the arsenic-induced perturbation of serum butyryl cholinesterase activity, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
CONCLUSIONSThe results indicate that the leaves of M. oleifera may be useful in reducing the effects of arsenic-induced toxicity.